Wind-driven power plant

• US 4,088,352 A
• Filed: 03/25/1975
• Issued: 05/09/1978
• Est. Priority Date: 02/14/1975
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Alberto Kling
• Original Assignee: Alberto Kling
• Inventors: Kling, Alberto
• Primary Examiner(s): Schaefer, Robert K.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Duncanson, Jr., W. E.
• Application Number:
  US05/561,709
• Time in Patent Office: 1,141 Days
• Field of Search: 290/44, 290/55
• US Class Current: 290/55
• CPC Class Codes: F03D 1/00 Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling thereof F03D7/02
• CPC Class Codes: F03D 13/20 Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
• CPC Class Codes: F03D 7/0204 for orientation in relation to wind direction
• CPC Class Codes: F03D 80/70 Bearing or lubricating arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: F03D 9/25 the apparatus being an electrical generator F03D9/22 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F05B 2220/7066 via a direct connection, i.e. a gearless transmission
• CPC Class Codes: F05B 2220/7068 equipped with permanent magnets
• CPC Class Codes: F05B 2270/321 Wind directions
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 7/183 wherein the turbine is a wind turbine adaptation of a wind turbine to an electric generator F03D9/25
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/72 Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/728 Onshore wind turbines
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 80/10 Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 416/04 Fluid current motor and generator

Abstract

A wind-driven power plant comprising at least one rotor having a gyration axis, a base, a carrier construction pivotable on said base about an upstanding axis, a support structure pivotable on said carrier construction about a tilt axis in a manner permitting precession of said rotor, said rotor being rotatably supported by said support structure and rotatable about said gyration axis, an adjusting device for pivoting said carrier construction on said base in response to changes in horizontal wind direction, a setting device for exerting torque directly or indirectly on the rotor gyration axis or on the rotor which has a torque vector component extending perpendicularly to the rotor gyration axis and perpendicularly to the upstanding axis, said tilt axis intersecting both the rotor gyration axis and the upstanding axis and forming an angle with both, and a control device for controlling the magnitude of movement of said adjusting and setting devices in response to the rotor rotational speed and the desired wind direction orientation to be exerted on the rotor in accordance with the torque to be exerted by the upstanding axis adjusting device and in compliance with the laws of gyroscopic precession.

Claims

1. A wind-driven power plant comprising at least one rotor having a gyration axis, a base, a carrier construction pivotable on said base about an upstanding axis, a support structure pivotable on said carrier construction about a tilt axis in a manner permitting precession of said rotor, said rotor being rotatably supported by said support structure and rotatable about said gyration axis, an adjusting device for pivoting said carrier construction on said base in response to changes in horizontal wind direction, a setting device for exerting torque directly or indirectly on the rotor gyration axis or on the rotor which has a torque vector component extending perpendicularly to the rotor gyration axis and perpendicularly to the upstanding axis, said tilt axis intersecting both the rotor gyration axis and the upstanding axis and forming an angle with both, and a control device for controlling the mangitude of movement of said adjusting and setting devices in response to the rotor rotational speed and the desired wind direction orientation to be exerted on the rotor in in accordance with the torque to be exerted by the upstanding axis adjusting device and in compliance with the laws of gyroscopic precession.

2. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 1, wherein the construction of all parts of the wind-driven power plant and the mounting of the rotor is designed such that mass equilibrium is respectively provided for the rotary motion about each of the three axes, the rotor gyration axis, the tilt axis and the upstanding axis.

3. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 2, wherein two coaxial, coplanar counterrotating rotors are mounted so as to be rotatable about the rotor gyration axis.

4. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 3, including a collector and leads connected thereto wherein each of the two counterrotating rotors carries a plurality of magnetic poles distributed about the periphery thereof, said magnetic poles interacting with the magnetic poles of the respective other rotor, the poles of at least one rotor having electrical conductor windings connected via said leads to said collector so that the two rotors form the relatively rotatable parts of a generator or, if current is supplied to the collector, of an electromotor.

5. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 4 wherein the poles of one of the rotors are designed as permanent magnets.

6. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 4, wherein the oppositely arranged poles of rows or poles of parts forming a generator or a motor and movable relative to each other, either the poles of the radially outer part or the poles of the radially inner part extend parallel to the direction of the rotor gyration shaft at both sides beyond the opposite poles of the respective other part.

7. A wind-driven power plant according to claim 3 wherein each rotor is enclosed both on the inner periphery as well as on the outer periphery by a duct hoop.

8. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 7, including hubs mounted for rotation about said gyration axis and wherein each of the coaxial, coplanar, counterrotating rotors is mounted on at least one of said hubs, said outer rotor being secured to two hubs by means of said struts straddling the inner rotor on both sides and sloping outwardly at an inclined angle towards the respective hub.

9. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 1, including collector, leads attached thereto and a set of magnetic poles non-rotatably mounted about the rotor gyration axis and supports a set of magnetic poles distributed about the periphery which interact with the poles mounted non-rotatably about the rotor gyration axis one of the sets of poles having electrical conductor windings connected to a said collector via said leads, so that the rotor together with the respectively associated poles mounted non-rotatably about the rotor gyration axis form the parts of a generator or, if current is supplied to the collector, of an electromotor.

10. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 9 wherein the poles of one of the rotors are designed as permanent magnets.

11. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 9, wherein the oppositely arranged poles of rows or poles of parts forming a generator or a motor and movable relative to each other, either the poles of the radially outer part or the poles of the radially inner part extend parallel to the direction of the rotor gyration shaft at both sides beyond the opposite poles of the respective other part.

12. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 9, wherein each rotor carries several rows of poles interacting with corresponding rows of poles of the other part forming a generator or electromotor with said rotor, said rows of poles being secured to each rotor axially adjacent one another in the direction of the rotor gyration axis.

13. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 1, including bearings wherein the rotor gyration axis of the rotor is rotatably mounted approximately in the center of said support structure, said bearings being in turn secured to said carrier construction.

14. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 13, wherein the carrier construction is designed as a framework which is mounted on said base so as to be rotatable about the upstanding axis.

15. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 13, wherein said setting device exerts a tongue on the support structure with a torque vector lying in the tilt axis of the support structure and is arranged at at least one end of said support structure.

16. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 13, wherein the support structure includes a support ring arranged between the coaxial coplanar counterrotating rotors concentrically therewith and to which the inner rotor is rotatably mounted along its outer periphery and the outer rotor is rotatably mounted along its inner periphery.

17. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 16, including at least one control flap and wherein at least one control flap is settably and adjustably hinged on the upstream edge of the support ring.

18. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 13, wherein the carrier construction is designed as a framework construction rigidly connected to the ground.

19. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 18, wherein the support structure extends along both side of the rotor and wherein the rotor gyration shaft has ends projecting in front and in back of the rotor which are reciprocable by means of an adjusting device in horizontal guide paths in the front and rear portion of the support structure in an imaginary plane passing through the rotor gyration shaft and the bearing points of the support structure in a sense resulting in a torque effect with a vector lying in a vertical axis.

20. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 19, including ball and socket bearings in fulcrum slides and lead screw drive means mounted on said support structure and wherein the ends of the rotor gyration shaft are mounted in said ball and socket bearings in fulcrum slides which in turn may be reciprocated in the guide paths in the front and rear portion of the support structure in opposite directions by means of said lead screw drive means.

21. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 1, wherein the rotor gyration shaft has ends projecting beyond the rotor plane in front and in back thereof and mounted in vertical guide paths in the front and rear portion of the support structure so as to be reciprocable by a setting device in an imaginary plane passing through the rotor gyration shaft and the upstanding axis in a sense resulting in a torque effect with a vector lying in the tilt axis.

22. The wind-driven power plant according to claim 21, including ball and socket bearings in fulcrum slides and lead screw drive means mounted on said support structure and wherein the ends of the rotor gyration shaft are mounted in said ball and socket bearings in fulcrum slides which in turn may be reciprocated in the guide paths in the front and rear portion of the support structure in opposite directions by means of said lead screw drive means.