Induced junction solar cell and method of fabrication
First Claim
1. An induced junction solar cell comprisinga substrate of p-type semiconductor material,a pattern of current collecting stripes on one broad side of said substrate diffused with n-type impurities,a film of dielectric material on said one side of said substrate,a layer of dielectric material produced over said dielectric film,a uniform concentration of positive ions implanted in said dielectric layer,a pattern of metal conductors in ohmic contact with said current collecting stripes, anda film of metal in ohmic contact with said substrate on the other side of said substrate opposite said one side.
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Abstract
An induced junction solar cell is fabricated on a p-type silicon substrate by first diffusing a grid of criss-crossed current collecting n+ stripes and thermally growing a thin SiO2 film, and then, using silicon-rich chemical vapor deposition (CVD), producing a layer of SiO2 having inherent defects, such as silicon interstices, which function as deep traps for spontaneous positive charges. Ion implantation increases the stable positive charge distribution for a greater inversion layer in the p-type silicon near the surface. After etching through the oxide, to parallel collecting stripes, a pattern of metal is produced consisting of a set of contact stripes over the exposed collecting stripes and a diamond shaped pattern which functions as a current collection bus. Then the reverse side is metallized.
43 Citations
21 Claims
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1. An induced junction solar cell comprising
a substrate of p-type semiconductor material, a pattern of current collecting stripes on one broad side of said substrate diffused with n-type impurities, a film of dielectric material on said one side of said substrate, a layer of dielectric material produced over said dielectric film, a uniform concentration of positive ions implanted in said dielectric layer, a pattern of metal conductors in ohmic contact with said current collecting stripes, and a film of metal in ohmic contact with said substrate on the other side of said substrate opposite said one side.
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10. An induced junction solar cell comprising
a substrate of semiconductor material of a given conductivity type having a broad obverse side through which solar energy is to be received and a reverse side opposite said obverse side, a crisscrossed grid of current collecting stripes of opposite conductivity type diffused into said substrate on the obverse side, a thin film of dielectric material on the obverse side of said substrate over said collecting stripes and all areas between said collecting stripes except over collecting stripes of said crisscross pattern which are oriented in one direction, a layer of dielectric material on said thin film having a maximum concentration of stable charges of said given conductivity type distributed throughout to induce a field of opposite charge in said substrate near the surface thereof, except over collecting stripes of said crisscross pattern which are oriented in said one direction, a pattern of metal stripes in ohmic contact with said collecting stripes oriented in said one direction and a bus bar interconnecting said metal stripes, and a film of metal in ohmic contact with said substrate on the reverse side thereof.
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13. A method for the preparation of semiconductor material of a given conductivity type for a solar cell using an induced junction in a substrate of said semiconductor material for the conversion of radiation into electrical energy, comprising
diffusing a pattern of stripes on a broad surface of said substrate, said stripes being of a conductivity type opposite said given conductivity type, producing a thin uniform dielectric film over said surface, producing a uniform dielectric layer over said film, implanting a uniform concentration of ions in said dielectric layer, said ions being of the same polarity as the conductivity of said semiconductor material, and producing a pattern of metal conductors in ohmic contact with stripes of said pattern to collect current from all stripes and a bus bar to collect current from all conductors.
Specification