Simulated video game

• US 4,093,221 A
• Filed: 12/13/1976
• Issued: 06/06/1978
• Est. Priority Date: 12/13/1976
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Dash, Glen R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hum, Vance Y.
• Application Number:
  US05/750,055
• Time in Patent Office: 540 Days
• Field of Search: 35/11 R, 35/11 A, 35/12 N, 35/11, 35/12, 273/1 E, 273/85 R, 273/86 B, 273/102.2 R, 273/102.2 B, 273/94, 273/DIG. 28, 273/1, 273/85, 273/86, 273/102.2, 340/323 R, 340/324 A, 340/324 AD, 340/323, 340/324, 358/93, 358/104, 358/142
• US Class Current: 463/3
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 13/00 Video games, i.e. games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions gaming systems which provide a financial reward G07F17/32
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 13/42 by mapping the input signals into game commands, e.g. mapping the displacement of a stylus on a touch screen to the steering angle of a virtual vehicle

Abstract

An electronic game wherein simulated players, a simulated object, a simulated playing field, and so forth, are produced electronically on the image screen of a television receiver by an electronic master controller, the players being caused to move about in both the ± x direction and the ± y direction by the electronic master controller under the control of human operators. Movement of the simulated object, spatial coincidence of the players and the object, and so forth, are all sensed and predetermined actions are taken on the image screen by virtue of signals from the electronic master controller to the television receiver.

Claims

1. For use in an electronic game wherein simulated images are produced on the image screen of a television receiver, electronic controller means operable to produce on said image screen the simulation of a playing area or region and other passive components of the game and the simulation of a plurality of active components, said active components comprising two simulated players that assume adversary positions relative to one another and an object that moves about the playing area or region, said electronic controller means including, in combination, first player signal generating means to provide a first player signal that serves to generate on the image screen one of the two simulated players, second player signal generating means to generate a second player signal that serves to generate on the image screen the second of the two simulated players, object generating means that serves to generate said object on the image screen, latch means connected to receive the first player signal, the second player signal and the object signal and adapted to note the coincidence of a player signal and the object signal and to lock the particular simulated player and simuobject together on the image screen, and means to disable said latch means.

2. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which the electronic controller means includes window comparator means which establishes boundaries of said playing area or other passive component and said active components.

3. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein the window comparator means comprises a pair of window comparators.

4. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 3 having means to generate offset reference voltage ramps and means to generate reference voltages and wherein each window comparator is connected to receive as input two offset reference voltage ramps and one reference voltage and to provide an output signal when the reference voltage is between the two offset ramp voltages.

5. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 4 in which the means to generate the offset reference voltage ramps comprises a first integrator having a voltage output whose instantaneous value is the electric analog of the horizontal coordinate of the raster scan beam of the television receiver, a second integrator having a voltage whose instantaneous value is the electric analog of the vertical coordinate of the raster scan beam of the television receiver, a first level shifter connected to receive as input thereto an output from the first integrator and to provide as output a first set of offset voltage ramps, and a second level shifter connected to receive as input thereto an output from the second integrator and to provide as output a second set of offset voltage ramps.

6. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 5 that includes means to synchronize the horizontal voltage ramps and the vertical voltage ramps to horizontal or vertical reference clocks which in turn, control the movement of the raster scan beam of the television receiver.

7. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 6 wherein the reference clock for the vertical ramp is the incoming power signal and wherein the synchronizing circuit contains means to synchronize to the frequency of the incoming power signal to the apparatus.

8. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 7 wherein the window comparator means comprises a first type of window comparator to establish position on the image screen of each of the simulated players and for said further active component and a second type of window comparator to establish position of said passive components.

9. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein the window comparator means includes a window comparator connected to receive as input two offset reference voltages and one reference voltage ramp and to provide an output signal when the reference voltage ramp is between the two offset reference voltages, said apparatus further including means to generate the two offset reference voltages and the one reference voltage ramp.

10. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the electronic controller means is operable to form on the image screen of the television receiver a playing area that is at least three tones of the grey scale of a black and white television receiver.

11. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the means to disable includes a firing switch that is operated manually.

12. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the means to disable is a firing switch.

13. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 that includes means to detect the timed coincidence of two objects on the image screen and that further includes combinational logic connected to receive as input an output from the means to detect, said combinational logic serving to change direction of the velocity vector signal representing at least one of the two objects in a manner determined by the particular objects that coincide.

14. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 13 wherein the electronic controller means includes means operable to retain the two players and the further active component at all times within the playing area.

15. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 14 wherein the means to retain the two players is means which controls the velocity vectors of the players upon the image screen.

16. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 14 wherein the electronic controller means includes means which controls the velocity vectors of the active components and wherein the combinational logic is connected to provide a signal to the means which controls the velocity vectors, which signal acts to counteract other separate signals which would drive the players from the play area.

17. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 that includes means to force the disappearance of one of the active components from the screen of the television receiver, dependent on the position of said one of the active components on the image screen and other active and passive components, and to force the said one of the active components to re-appear with different coefficients of its equation of motion dependent upon how it disappeared.

18. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 having means to change relative brightness of simulated players on the screen dependent upon the actual game being played.

19. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which two score regions are provided, one at each end of the playing field, and in which the electronic controller means includes means to detect the coincidence between a score region and said object and to attribute a score to one of the two simulated players in the event of such coincidence.

20. Playing apparatus as claimed in claim 19 that includes means to effect disappearance of said object in the event of a score and to cause re-appearance of the object after a fixed time interval at a fixed x spatial coordinate and a random y spatial coordinate in the playing field.

21. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 that includes player control means connected as input to the electronic controller means and adapted to permit human operators to move the simulated players about the playing area in a fashion that is controlled, in part, by the human operators.

22. Apparatus as claimed in claim 21 in which the player control means comprises a plurality of joy stick and potentiometer combinations, each joy stick and potentiometer combination being connected to control, in part, movement of one simulated player about the playing area, allowable movement of each player being in both the ±

x and the ±

y directions within the playing area.

23. Apparatus as claimed in claim 22 in which the electronic controller means includes window comparator means which establishes the boundaries of both the passive components and the active components and which compares a signal representative of each active component with a set of electric signals representing boundaries of the passive components.

24. Apparatus as claimed in claim 23 herein the controller means produces a first simulated player, a second simulated player and a simulated object upon the image screen, wherein the player controller means comprises a first joy stick and potentiometer combination connected to control, in part, movement of the first simulated player and a second joy stick and potentiometer combination connected to control, in part, movement of the second simulated player.

25. Apparatus as claimed in claim 24 in which each joy stick and potentiometer combination includes two potentiometers, one to provide a signal representative of an x position on the image screen and one to provide a signal representative of a y position on the image screen.

26. Apparatus as claimed in claim 24 that includes first integrator means connected to receive the output of the first joy stick and potentiometer combination representing velocity and second integrator means connected to receive the output of the second joy stick and potentiometer combination representing velocity, each integrator means being adapted to provide an output signal determined by the position or setting of the associated joy stick and potentiometer combination, which output signal serves, in part, to determine the position on the image screen of the particular player controlled, in part, by said associated joy stick and potentiometer combination.

27. Apparatus as claimed in claim 26 that includes limit circuitry connected to detect coincidence of a simulated player with an edge or boundary of the playing area and operable, together with other circuit elements, to effect movement of the simulated player away from said edge or boundary in the event of such coincidence.

28. Apparatus as claimed in claim 27 wherein said other circuit elements include integrator means and window comparator means that interact to provide a combined signal and AND gate means connected to receive the combined signal.

29. Apparatus as claimed in claim 28 that includes first player window comparator means to provide a first player signal that serves to generate one of the simulated players, second player window comparator means to provide a second player signal that serves to generate the second simulated player and object window comparator means to provide an object signal that serves to generate the object.

30. Apparatus as claimed in claim 29 that includes first latch means connected to receive the first player signal and the object signal, and second latch means to receive the second player signal and the object signal and each adapted to note coincidence in time of the two signals received by each, each latch means providing a latch output signal upon the coincidence of a player signal and the object signal and acting to lock the particular simulated player and simulated object together on the image screen, and means to disable the first latch means and the second latch means.

31. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said electronic controller means is operable to move the active components about the image screen with two degrees of freedom.

32. Apparatus as claimed in claim 31 that includes player control means connected as input to the electronic controller means and adapted to permit human operators to move the simulated players about the playing area in a fashion that is controlled, in part, by human operators but is, nevertheless, also controlled, in part by the electronic controller means.

33. Apparatus as claimed in claim 32 in which the player control means comprises a plurality of joy stick and potentiometer combinations, each joy stick and potentiometer combination being connected to control, in part, movement of one simulated player about the playing area, allowable movement of each player being in both the ±

x and the ±

y directions within the playing area.

34. Apparatus as claimed in claim 32 in which the player control means comprises a first joy stick and potentiometer combination connected to control, in part, movement of the first simulated player and a second joy stick and potentiometer connected to control, in part, movement of the second simulated player.

35. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the means to disable comprises a switch that serves as an electrical bypass around the latch means.

36. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the means to disable comprises a momentary switch that can be activated by a human operator to effect momentary deactivation of the latch means.

37. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the means to disable comprises circuitry within the latch means that senses coincidence in time of the first player signal and the second player signal and acts to disable the latch means.

39. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the means to disable comprises circuitry within the latch means that senses coincidence in time of the first player signal, the second player signal and the object signal and acts to disable the latch means.

41. Playing apparatus that comprises, in combination:

a television receiver that operates within a channel allocated for television broadcasting;

at least one player external manual control means having a defined multidirectional coordinate axis; and

electronic control means adapted to produce on the image screen of the television receiver the simulation of game components that include at least part of a playing area or other passive component, as well as the simulation of active components that include at least two simulated players under the control of the external manual control means and at least one further active component of a game, said electronic control means comprising means to establish and to control at least one of the coefficients of velocity and acceleration of said two simulated players independent of the external manual control means and said further active component by virtue of the position of the particular active component on the coordinate axis, said electronic control means being aware of all the coefficients of all the parameters of said game components including the coefficients of position and velocity, said control means further including latch means connected to receive the first player signal, the second player signal and the object signal and adapted to note coincidence in time of any two signals, said latch means providing a latch output signal upon the coincidence of a player signal and the object signal, that acts to lock the particular simulated player and simulated object together on the image screen, and means to disable said latch means.

42. Apparatus as claimed in claim 41 wherein the means to disable comprises a switch that serves as an electrical bypass around the latch means.

43. Apparatus as claimed in claim 41 wherein the means to disable comprises a momentary switch that can be actuated by a human operater to effect momentary deactivation of the latch means.

44. Apparatus as claimed in claim 41 wherein the means to disable comprises circuitry within the latch means that senses coincidence in time of the first player signal and the second player signal and acts to disable the latch means.

45. Apparatus as claimed in claim 41 wherein the means to disable comprises circuitry within the latch means that senses coincidence in time of the player signal of the player to which the object is locked and a signal representing a boundary or an edge of the playing field and upon said coincidence acts to disable the latch means.

46. Apparatus as claimed in claim 41 wherein the means to disable comprises circuitry within the latch means that senses coincidence in time of the first player signal, the second player signal and the object signal and acts to disable the latch means.

47. For use in an electronic game wherein simulated images are produced on the image screen of a CRT having a raster scan beam, electronic controller means operable to produce on said image screen the simulation of a playing area or region of the game and the simulation of a plurality of active components that assume adversary positions relative to one another, and an object that moves about the playing area or region, said electronic controller means including, in combination, first component signal generating means to provide a first active component signal that serves to generate on the image screen one of the simulated active components, at least one further component signal generating means to generate a further active component signal that serves to generate on the image screen a further active component, object generating means that serves to generate said object on the image screen, and latch means connected to receive the first active component signal, the further component signal and the object signal and adapted to note the coincidence of an active component signal and the object signal and, when activated, to lock the particular simulated component and the simulated object together on the image screen, and means to activate the latch means.

38. Apparatus as claimed in claim 47 wherein the means to disable comprises circuitry within the latch means that senses coincidence in time of the player signal of the player to which the object is locked and a signal representing a boundary or an edge of the playing area and upon said coincidence acts to disable the latch means.

40. Apparatus as claimed in claim 47 in which the latch means includes first latch means connected to receive the first player signal and the object signal, and second latch means to receive the second player signal and the object signal and each adapted to note coincidence in time of the two signals received by each, each latch means providing a latch output signal upon the coincidence of a player signal and the object signal and acting to lock the particular simulated player and simulated object together on the image screen, and means to disable the first latch means and the second latch means.

48. Apparatus as claimed in claim 47 that includes means to disable said latch means.

49. For use in an electronic game wherein simulated images are produced on the image screen of a CRT having a raster scan beam, electronic controller means operable to produce on said image screen the simulation of a playing area or region of the game, the simulation of at least one active component of said game, and the simulation of an object that moves about the playing area or region, said electronic controller means including, in combination, component signal generating means to provide an active component signal that serves to generate on the image screen the simulated active component, object generating means that serves to generate said object on the image screen, latch means connected to receive the active component signal and the object signal and adapted to note the coincidence of the active component signal and the object signal and, when activated, to lock the simulated component and the simulated object together on the image screen, and means to activate the latch means.