Thermal storage with molten salt for peaking power

• US 4,094,148 A
• Filed: 03/14/1977
• Issued: 06/13/1978
• Est. Priority Date: 03/14/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Stone & Webster Engineering Corporation
• Original Assignee: Stone & Webster Engineering Corporation
• Inventors: Nelson, Hazen E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ostrager, Allen M.
• Application Number:
  US05/777,458
• Time in Patent Office: 456 Days
• Field of Search: 60/652, 60/659, 60/655, 60/39.18 B, 60/39.18 R, 60/39.18 A, 60/39.18 C, 165/104.5, 165/DIG. 4
• US Class Current: 60/652
• CPC Class Codes: F01K 23/10 with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle F01K17/025 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F01K 3/00 Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein regenerating exhaust steam F01K19/00
• CPC Class Codes: F01K 3/18 having heaters having both steam accumulator and heater F01K3/14; steam heaters per se F22
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/18 Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]

Abstract

An improvement in the process for the generation of electrical power in which heat released by exhaust gases derived from the combustion of gaseous products in a coal gasification process is stored and utilized to generated increased electrical power during peak demand periods.

Claims

1. In a process for the generation of electrical power wherein coil is gasified and these gases are burned to produce a stream of heated fuel gases which are introduced into an electrical power generation zone to generate electrical power during peak and non-peak electrical power demand periods and wherein heated exhaust gases are released from said electrical power generation zone, the improvement which utilizes the heat released by said exhaust gases to generate increased electrical power during peak demand periods comprising:

(i) passing a heat exchange gas in contact with said heated exhaust gases to heat said heat exchange gas with heat released by said exhaust gases;

(ii) introducing said heated heat exchange gas into a thermal storage zone wherein during non-peak demand periods a portion of the heat released by said heated heat exchange gas is stored in said thermal storage zone for use during peak demand periods;

(iii) passing said heat exchange gas discharged from said thermal storage zone into a first steam generation zone wherein the remaining portion of heat of said heated heat exchange gas is utilized to generate steam for producing electrical power during non-peak demand periods;

(iv) during peak demand periods admixing said heated heat exchange gas from step (i) with additional heat exchange gas;

(v) introducing said admixture into said thermal storage zone to heat said admixture with the heat stored in said thermal storage zone;

(vi) passing the heated admixture discharged from said thermal storage zone into a second steam generation zone wherein the heat of said admixture is utilized to generate steam for producing increased electrical power during peak demand periods;

(vii) recirculating a portion of the admixture discharged from said second steam generation zone back into said thermal storage zone to heat said recirculated admixture with the heat stored in said thermal storage zone;

(viii) directing the remaining portion of the admixture discharged from said second steam generation zone into said first steam generation zone to generate steam for producing electrical power;

(ix) heating the admixture discharged from said first steam generation zone with said exhaust gases; and

(x) admixing said recirculating portion of admixture of step (vii) with said heated admixture of step (ix) and introducing same into said thermal storage zone.

2. A process according to claim 1 wherein said heat exchange gas is selected from the group consisting of air, helium, hydrogen, nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide and low oxygen content combustion products of hydrocarbons.

3. A process according to claim 1 wherein said heat exchange gas is air.

4. A process according to claim 1 wherein said thermal storage zone includes at least one thermal storage unit containing a thermal storage medium.

5. A process according to claim 4 wherein said thermal storage medium is an inorganic chemical compound which is transformed from solid phase to liquid phase during non-peak demand periods and from liquid phase to solid phase during peak demand periods.

6. A process according to claim 4 wherein said thermal storage medium is an alkali metal hydroxide.

7. A process according to claim 6 wherein said alkali metal hydroxide is sodium hydroxide.

8. A process according to claim 4 wherein said thermal storage unit has an upper portion and a lower portion and said heated heat exchange gas is introduced in step (ii) into said upper portion of said thermal storage unit.

9. A process according to claim 4 wherein said thermal storage unit has an upper portion and a lower portion and said admixture is introduced in step (v) into said lower portion of said thermal storage unit.

10. A process according to claim 1 wherein said thermal storage zone includes a plurality of thermal storage units containing a thermal storage medium.

11. A process according to claim 10 wherein said heat exchange gas is introduced in step (ii) into said thermal storage units one unit at a time.

12. A process according to claim 10 wherein said admixture is introduced in step (v) into all of said thermal storage units at the same time.

13. A process according to claim 1 wherein the increased quantity of steam produced during peak demand periods is sufficient to increase electrical power output over non-peak demand periods in an amount of about 30 to 60%.