Pre-chamber in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine with applied ignition

• US 4,098,232 A
• Filed: 11/04/1976
• Issued: 07/04/1978
• Est. Priority Date: 11/07/1975
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Dr Ing hc F Porsche AG (Volkswagen AG)
• Original Assignee: Dr Ing hc F Porsche AG (Volkswagen AG)
• Inventors: Gleiter, Fritz
• Primary Examiner(s): Myhre, Charles J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lall, Parshobam S.
• Application Number:
  US05/738,902
• Time in Patent Office: 607 Days
• Field of Search: 123/32 ST, 123/32 SP, 123/32 K, 123/32 L, 123/75 B, 123/191 S, 123/191 SP
• US Class Current: 123/261
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 1/04 with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 19/1004 details of combustion chamber, e.g. mounting arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 19/12 with positive ignition engines with non-timed positive ignition, and with incandescent chambers F02B9/08
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/12 Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

A pre-chamber in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine with applied ignition, whereby the pre-chamber which includes an opening for the spark plug and at least one opening leading to the main combustion space is constructed as a structural part separate from and mounted in the cylinder head, and whereby the fuel-air mixture is supplied to the pre-chamber by way of an injection nozzle; the pre-chamber is thereby arranged in an opening of the cylinder head which, at least section-wise, becomes wider in the direction to the main combustion space and is fixed in the opening of the cylinder head by fastening means arranged substantially coaxially to the injection nozzle center plane.

Claims

1. A pre-chamber arrangement in a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine with applied ignition comprising pre-chamber means constructed as a separate structural part in the cylinder head and provided with an opening for a spark plug and with at least one opening leading to the main combustion space, and a fuel-injection nozzle for supplying fuel-air mixture to the pre-chamber, characterized in that the pre-chamber means is arranged in an opening provided in the cylinder head which, at least sectionwise, becomes wider in the direction toward the main combustion space, and in that the pre-chamber means is fixed in the opening by fastening means arranged substantially coaxially to the center plane of the injection nozzle, said pre-chamber means cooperating with the opening in the cylinder head which becomes wider in the direction toward the main combustion space so that combustion pressures of the internal combustion engine are absorbed by the side walls of the opening in the cylinder head.

2. A pre-chamber arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the pre-chamber means forms part of a stratified-charge internal combustion engine with applied ignition.

3. A pre-chamber arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening includes a cylindrical portion, and in that the portion of the opening which becomes wider in the direction toward the main combustion space is constructed substantially conically shaped, and wherein the pre-chamber means is constructed to substantially correspond to the opening and includes within the area of the main combustion space a substantially spherically shaped closure means, said pre-chamber means being open at the end face thereof within the area of the cylindrical portion of the opening, and the pre-chamber means being threadably connected with the injection nozzle within the area of the cylindrical portion by an internal thread thereof and said pre-chamber means being fixed in the opening in said cylinder head by means of a counter-nut cooperating with an external thread on the pre-chamber means and with a plane of the cylinder head extending substantially at right angle to the injection nozzle center plane.

4. A pre-chamber arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that a nut locking means is arranged between the counter-nut and the plane of the cylinder head.

5. A pre-chamber arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening includes a cylindrical portion, and in that the portion of the opening which becomes wider in the direction to the main combustion space is constructed substantially conically shaped, and wherein the pre-chamber means is constructed to substantially correspond to the opening and includes within the area of the main combustion space a substantially spherically shaped closure means, said pre-chamber means being open at the end face within the area of the cylindrical portion of the opening, the pre-chamber means being threadably connected with the injection nozzle within the area of the cylindrical portion of the opening by an internal thread and said pre-chamber means being so dimensioned at the end face thereof within the area of the cylindrical portion of the opening that an air gap remains in the assembled condition between a support disk abutting at an offset of the injection nozzle, on the one hand, and a plane of the cylinder head extending substantially at right angle to the injection nozzle center plane, on the other, and the end face of the pre-chamber means so that the pre-chamber is fixed in said opening by the injection nozzle resting on the support disk by means of the offset.

6. A pre-chamber arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the pre-chamber means is secured in the circumferential direction within the cylinder head by a locking pin arranged substantially axially parallel to the injection nozzle center plane in the plane formed by the circumferential surface of the pre-chamber means and the circumferential surface of the opening.

7. A pre-chamber arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening includes a cylindrical portion, and the portion of the opening which becomes wider in the direction toward the main combustion space is constructed substantially spherically shaped, and wherein the pre-chamber means is constructed to substantially correspond to the opening and includes within the area of the main combustion space a substantially spherically shaped closure means, said pre-chamber means being open at the end face within the area of the cylindrical portion of the opening, the pre-chamber means being threadably connected with the injection nozzle within the area of the cylindrical portion of the opening by an internal thread and being fixed in said opening by means of a counter-nut cooperating with an external thread on the pre-chamber means and with a plane of the cylinder head extending substantially at right angle to the injection nozzle center plane.

8. A pre-chamber arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that a nut locking means is arranged between the counter nut and the plane of the cylinder head.

9. A pre-chamber arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening includes a cylindrical portion and in that the portion of the opening which becomes wider in the direction toward the main combustion space is constructed substantially spherically shaped, and wherein the pre-chamber means is constructed substantially corresponding to the opening and includes within the area of the main combustion space a substantially spherically shaped closure means, said pre-chamber means being open at the end face thereof within the area of the cylindrical portion of the opening, the pre-chamber means being threadably connected with the injection nozzle within said last-mentioned area by an internal thread and being threadably connected with the cylinder head by an external thread.

10. A pre-chamber arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that intermediate the cylindrical portion and the spherically shaped portion of the opening, the cylinder head as well as the pre-chamber means are each provided with offset surface means extending substantially at right angle to the injection nozzle center plane which in the assembled condition of the pre-chamber come into abutment at one another by interposition of an elastic sealing ring.

11. A pre-chamber arrangement in a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine with applied ignition comprising pre-chamber means constructed as a separate structural part in the cylinder head and provided with an opening for a spark plug and with at least one opening leading to the main combustion space, and a fuel-injection nozzle for supplying fuel-air mixture to the pre-chamber, characterized in that the pre-chamber means is arranged in an opening provided in the cylinder head which, at least sectionwise, becomes wider in the direction toward the main combustion space, and in that the pre-chamber means is fixed in the opening by fastening means arranged substantially coaxially to the center plane of the injection nozzle, said pre-chamber means cooperating with the opening in the cylinder head which becomes wider in the direction toward the main combustion space so that the fastening means of the pre-chamber means are not exposed to the combustion pressures of the internal combustion engine, the same being absorbed by the side walls of the opening in the cylinder head.