Anionic copolymerization of 2-pyrrolidone with caprolactam or piperidone
First Claim
1. A process for the production of a solid copolymer of 2-pyrrolidone and a lactam having five or six carbon atoms in its ring, which comprises polymerizing a mixture of 2-pyrrolidone and said lactam by contacting the mixture with a catalyst system consisting essentially of an alkaline polymerization catalyst, and an auxiliary catalyst which is a quaternary Group VA onium salt, carbon dioxide and a copolymerization promoter.
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Abstract
Copolymers of 2-pyrrolidone and C5 -C6 lactams (caprolactam and piperidone) are provided in solid form, at relatively high rates and molecular weights by polymerization in the presence of alkaline catalysts and carbon dioxide, by the inclusion of an auxiliary catalyst and a copolymerization promoter comprising certain onium salts and N-acyl lactams, respectively.
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Citations
25 Claims
- 1. A process for the production of a solid copolymer of 2-pyrrolidone and a lactam having five or six carbon atoms in its ring, which comprises polymerizing a mixture of 2-pyrrolidone and said lactam by contacting the mixture with a catalyst system consisting essentially of an alkaline polymerization catalyst, and an auxiliary catalyst which is a quaternary Group VA onium salt, carbon dioxide and a copolymerization promoter.
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18. A process for the production of a solid copolymer of 2-pyrrolidone and a lactam, having five or six carbon atoms in its ring, which comprises contacting 2-pyrrolidone, said lactam, an alkali metal lactamate, a tetraalkyl ammonium halide, carbon dioxide and a N-acyl lactam to form a mixture, at a temperature of about 20°
- -50°
C, and polymerizing said mixture at a temperature in excess of about 50°
C. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20)
- -50°
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21. A process for the production of a solid copolymer of 2-pyrrolidone with a lactam having five or six carbon atoms in its ring, which comprises reacting 2-pyrrolidone with less than a stochiometric amount of of a source of alkali metal, removing the water formed during the reaction to obtain an essentially anhydrous solution of alkali metal pyrrolidonate in 2-pyrrolidone, contacting the solution with carbon dioxide, and admixing with the solution said lactam, a tetraalkyl ammonium halide and a N-acyl lactam, and polymerizing the mixture at a temperature of at least 40°
- C.
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22. A process for the production of a solid copolymer of 2-pyrrolidone with lactam, having five or six carbon atoms in its ring, which comprises polymerizing a mixture of 2-pyrrolidone and a 2-pyrrolidone lactam by contacting the mixture with a catalyst system consisting essentially of an alkaline polymerization catalyst, a N-acyl lactam and an adduct of carbon dioxide and a lactam salt selected from the group consisting of a tetraalkyl ammonium salt of 2-pyrrolidone or lactams having five or six carbon atoms in their rings and mixtures thereof;
- and mixtures of said tetraalkyl ammonium salt with an alkali metal salt of said lactam, and mixtures thereof.
Specification