Novel polyelectrolytes

• US 4,102,827 A
• Filed: 01/21/1976
• Issued: 07/25/1978
• Est. Priority Date: 12/26/1973
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: California Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: California Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Rembaum, Alan, Yen, Shiao-Ping Siao
• Primary Examiner(s): Anderson, Harold D.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Nielsen, E. A.
• Application Number:
  US05/650,910
• Time in Patent Office: 916 Days
• Field of Search: 260/823, 260/895, 260/901, 260/2 R, 260/874
• US Class Current: 525/185
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 31/0239 Quaternary ammonium compounds
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 31/08 Ion-exchange resins
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 37/0009 Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/54 using organic material
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 8/00 Chemical modification by after-treatment graft polymers, block polymers, crosslinking with unsaturated monomers or with polymers C08F251/00 - C08F299/00; of conjugated diene rubbers C08C
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 73/0226 Quaternisation of polyalkylene(poly)amines
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 81/00 Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions C08F299/00 ; polyester-amides C08G69/44; polyester-imides C08G73/16; polyamides-imides C08G73/14; block- or graft polymers containing polysiloxane sequences C08G77/42

Abstract

Cationic polyelectrolytes are formed by the polymerization in absence of oxygen of a monomer of the general formula: ##STR1## where x is 3 or more than 6 and Z is I, Br or Cl to form high charge density linear polymers. Segments of the linear polymer may be attached to or formed in the presence of polyfunctional reactive tertiary amines or halogen polymeric substrates or polyfunctional lower molecular reactive polyfunctional substrates to form branched or star polyelectrolytes by a quaternization polymerization reaction.

Claims

1. A polyelectrolyte having an intrinsic viscosity molecular weight of at least 30,000 as determined by light scattering in 0.4M K Br consisting essentially of the adduct of linear polymeric segments of the formula:

##STR16## where Z is chloro, bromo or iodo, n is an integer and x is 3 or 7 to 10 linked directly by means of the quaternization reaction between the (CH₃)₂ N-- or Z terminal groups of the segments to the tertiary amine or Z groups of a polyfunctional central monomer or polymeric substrate, said central monomer being selected from compounds of the formula;

##STR17## where Y is a polyvalent low molecular weight organic group having a valence of 3+m, m is an integer from 0-3, R³ is selected from alkylene, phenylene or alkyl ester and E is Z or (R⁴)₃ N-- where R⁴ is alkyl, aryl or aralkyl and said polymeric substrates are selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyridine, polyethyleneimine, polyvinylbenzylchloride, poly-(dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate), poly-(dialkylamino alkyl acrylamide, polyepichlorohydrin and polydialkylaminoalkylethylene oxide.

2. A polyelectrolyte according to claim 1 in which x is 3 and Z is chloro.

3. A polyelectrolyte according to claim 1 in which Y is aromatic.

4. A polyelectrolyte according to claim 3 in which R₃ is lower alkylene.

5. A polyelectrolyte according to claim 4 in which E is chloro, bromo or iodo.

6. A polyelectrolyte according to claim 5 in which Y is a benzene or alkylated benzene, R³ is methylene, E is chloro and m is 0 or 1.

7. A polyelectrolyte according to claim 6 in which the central monomer is selected from 2,3,6-tri-(chloromethyl)-mesitylene, 1,2,4,5-tetra-(chloromethyl)-benzene or 1,2,4-tri-(chloromethyl)-benzene.

8. A polyelectrolyte according to claim 1 in which the central monomer is selected from compounds of the formula:

##STR18## where p is an integer from 2 to 10.