Alkali metal anode/chalcogenide cathode reversible batteries having alkali metal polyaryl metallic compound electrolytes
First Claim
1. In an electrochemical cell which contains an alkali metal anode, a metal chalcogenide cathode and a non-aqueous electrolyte, the improvement comprising:
- using as said electrolyte one which consists essentially of;
(a) an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of inertly substituted and unsubstituted ethers, sulfones, organic sulfates, organic sulfites, organic nitro compounds and organic nitrites; and
,(b) electrolytically active alkali metal salts including an electrolytically active amount of a polyaryl metallic alkali metal salt having the formula;
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">ZMR.sub.n wherein Z is an alkali metal, wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, Sn (stannous), In, Tl, P and As, wherein R represents n number of radicals which may be the same or different and are inertly substituted or unsubstituted aryl radicals selected from the group consisting of aryl radicals having 6 to 50 carbon atoms, and wherein n is a numerical value equal to one plus the valence of the metal M.
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Abstract
Reversible alkali metal anode/metal chalcogenide cathode cells, e.g. lithium batteries, are described having electrolyte compositions which consist essentially of (a) organic solvents selected from the group consisting of inertly substituted and unsubstituted ethers, esters, sulfones, organic sulfites, organic sulfates, organic nitrites and organic nitro compounds; and (b) electrolytically active alkali metal salts including polyaryl metallic alkali metal salts having the formula ZMRn wherein Z is an alkali metal, M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Sn (stannous), P and As, the Rs are certain aryl radicals, and n is a numerical value equal to one plus the valence of the metal M. Rechargeable, high energy density electrochemical cells containing an anode having an alkali metal as its active material, a cathode having as its active material a transition metal chalcogenide, e.g. TiS2, and an electrolyte composition of the above-described type, are preferred.
53 Citations
19 Claims
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1. In an electrochemical cell which contains an alkali metal anode, a metal chalcogenide cathode and a non-aqueous electrolyte, the improvement comprising:
using as said electrolyte one which consists essentially of; (a) an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of inertly substituted and unsubstituted ethers, sulfones, organic sulfates, organic sulfites, organic nitro compounds and organic nitrites; and
,(b) electrolytically active alkali metal salts including an electrolytically active amount of a polyaryl metallic alkali metal salt having the formula;
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">ZMR.sub.nwherein Z is an alkali metal, wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, Sn (stannous), In, Tl, P and As, wherein R represents n number of radicals which may be the same or different and are inertly substituted or unsubstituted aryl radicals selected from the group consisting of aryl radicals having 6 to 50 carbon atoms, and wherein n is a numerical value equal to one plus the valence of the metal M. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. In an electrochemical cell which includes an anode having at least one alkali metal as its active material, a cathode having a transition metal chalcogenide as the cathode-active material and an electrolyte composition, the improvement wherein said electrolyte composition consists essentially of:
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(a) an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of inertly substituted and unsubstituted ethers, sulfones, organic sulfates, organic sulfites, organic nitro compounds and organic nitrites; and (b) electrolytically active alkali metal salts including an electrolytically active amount of a polyaryl metallic alkali metal salt having the formula;
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">ZMR.sub.nwherein Z is an alkali metal, wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, Sn (stannous), In, Tl, P and As, wherein R represents n number of radicals which may be the same or different and are inertly substituted or unsubstituted aryl radicals selected from the group consisting of aryl radicals having 6 to 50 carbon atoms, and wherein n is a numerical value equal to one plus the valence of the metal M. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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Specification