Stereo and spaciousness reverberation system using random access memory and multiplex

• US 4,105,864 A
• Filed: 07/16/1976
• Issued: 08/08/1978
• Est. Priority Date: 07/17/1975
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Teledyne Industries Incorporated (Teledyne Technologies Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Teledyne Industries Incorporated (Teledyne Technologies Incorporated)
• Inventors: Berkovitz, Robert A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Brown, Thomas W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kemeny, E. S.
• Application Number:
  US05/706,011
• Time in Patent Office: 753 Days
• Field of Search: 179/1 J, 179/1 G, 179/1 GQ, 179/15 BT, 179/15 BV, 179/1 AT, 179/15.55 T, 179/15.55 R, 179/1 GP
• US Class Current: 370/428
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 15/12 using electronic time-delay networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04S 1/007 in which the audio signals are in digital form data reduction aspects thereof based on psychoacoustics G10L19/02
• CPC Class Codes: H04S 5/00 Pseudo-stereo systems, e.g. in which additional channel signals are derived from monophonic signals by means of phase shifting, time delay or reverberation
• CPC Class Codes: H04S 5/005 of the pseudo five- or more-channel type, e.g. virtual surround

Abstract

A sound reproduction arrangement and audio signal delay apparatus suitable for use in such an arrangement, includes, in a listening area, one or more primary sound sources for mono- or multichannel reproduction respectively, and a plurality of secondary sources spaced around the perimeter of the listening area and each providing an acoustic signal corresponding to that from the primary source or sources delayed by a respective and independently selectable delay constant and attenuated by a respective and independently selectable gain constant. Control apparatus is connected with the sound sources to derive a plurality of signals for the respective sound sources from an input signal. The delay constants are substantially greater than the time taken for sound to traverse the listening area, so that the sound from the secondary sources simulates reverberation or reflected sound, and a listener has a sensation of spaciousness normally associated with an enclosure which is larger than the listening area, such as a concert hall, for example. Features of the invention include a random-access memory which stores time-multiplexed data representing sampled input audio and channel-control information.

Claims

1. A sound reproduction arrangement comprising:

(a) a listening area;

(b) at least a first primary loudspeaker located in said listening area and connected to be driven in response to a first audio frequency signal;

(c) input means responsive to said first audio frequency signal to provide input signal data as a function thereof;

(d) signal delay means connected to receive said input signal data and provide a plurality of delayed signals each corresponding to the said input signal data delayed by a respective delay constant, said delay means including means conditioned and arranged to multiply each of the said delayed signals by a respective pre-selected gain constant, a plurality of output channels each supplied with at least a respective one of said delayed signals, addressable data storage means for storing successive sampled values of the said input signal data, control means arranged for response to a periodic clock signal to supply a preselected sequence of address instructions to said data storage means so as to produce successive cycles of record/recall operations in each of which at least a respective one of the said successive sampled values is recorded, and a plurality of stored sampled values which sampled values have each been recorded a respective pre-selected numbers of cycles previously, are recalled sequentially, and a demultiplexer means connected for response to the data output by said data storage means and arranged to assign the recalled values to respectively pre-selected ones of said output channels, whereby in use the said data output by said data storage means comprises a plurality of time division multiplexed components each associated with a respective one of the said pre-selected numbers, the said delayed signals being formed by respective ones of the said components and the said delay constants being related, respectively, with associated ones of said pre-selected numbers; and

(e) a plurality of secondary loudspeakers disposed at respective locations spaced around the perimeter of said listening area and each connected to be driven by a respective one of said output channels, the delay constant and secondary loudspeaker for each of said delayed signals being selected so that the delay and direction of the sound produced in the listening area in response thereto substantially corresponds to those of a sound corresponding to said first audio frequency signal reflected from the boundary of an enclosure of substantially greater size than that of the listening area, thus obtaining a sensation of spaciousness.

2. An arrangement as claimed in claim 1, for stereo reproduction, the arrangement comprising a second primary loudspeaker located in said listening area and connected to be driven in response to a second audio frequency signal, wherein said input means is arranged for response to said first and second audio frequency signals to provide said input signal data as a function of both said first and second audio frequency signals.

3. An arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein said addressable data storage means is a digital data storage means for storing the said sampled values in digital code.

4. An arrangement as claimed in claim 3, comprising digital-to-analog conversion means connected to convert the said data output by said storage means to analog form for supply to said demultiplexer means, whereby said demultiplexer means assigns an analog representation of the said recalled values to the said preselectable output channels.

5. An arrangement as claimed in claim 3, wherein said input signal data is provided in analog form and said signal delay means comprises sampling means for periodically sampling said input signal data and analog-to-digital conversion means for converting the sampled values of said input signal data to digital code whereby to provide the said successive sampled values.

6. An arrangement as claimed in claim 3, wherein said addressable data storage means comprises a random access memory.

7. An arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein said addressable data storage means includes

(a) random access data storage means whereby in use the data output from said storage means comprises the successive sampled values of the input signal data delayed by a period related to that number, and the delayed signals thus formed by said components are supplied to said corresponding output channels.

8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein said random access data storage means is a digital data storage means for storing the said successive sampled values in digital code, the apparatus further comprising digital-to-analog conversion means connected to convert the said delayed signals formed by said components to corresponding analog signals.

9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said digital-to-analog conversion means is connected to convert the said recalled values to analog form before supply to said demultiplexer means.

10. Apparatus as claimed in claim 8, further comprising input means arranged for receiving the said input data in analog form and comprising sampling means for deriving the said successive sampled values of the input data and analog-to-digital converter means for converting said sampled values to digital form for supply to said data storage means.

11. Apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein said random access data storage means is an analog data storage means for storing the successive sampled values of said input data in analog form.

12. Apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein said control means comprises shift register means for storing a plurality of address words representing respective data storage locations in said data storage means, the shift register means being responsive to the said periodic clock signal to recirculate the said address words therethrough on each of said cycles for sequential supply to the address input of said data storage means, and up-date means connected with said shift register means to up-date each of said stored address words by a fixed increment on each of said cycles.

13. Apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein said control means comprises a time slot counter connected to be clocked in response to said periodic clock signal and record/recall control means connected with said time slot counter to enable recording in said data storage means of said sampled values in response to at least one value of the count in said time slot counter and to enable recall of said stored values in response to any of a plurality of counts in said time slot counter.

14. Apparatus as claimed in claim 13, wherein said control means comprises arithmetic means including first and second inputs and an output, addressable offset data storage means for storing at respective addressable locations therein a plurality of offset data words representing respective delay constants, and a base address counter connected with said time slot counter so as to be clocked on each occurence of said at least one value of the count therein, wherein said time slot counter is connected with the address input of said offset data storage means so that said offset data words are recalled sequentially therefrom in response to said periodic clock signal, said first and second inputs of said arthmetic means are connected with the data output of said offset data storage means and with said base address counter respectively to provide at said output of said arithmetic means a sequence of address words formed respectively by the sums of the count in said base address counter and said sequentially recalled offset data words, said sequence of address words being supplied to the address input of said data storage means.