Infrared acquisition device

• US 4,107,530 A
• Filed: 01/26/1966
• Issued: 08/15/1978
• Est. Priority Date: 01/26/1966
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Lockheed Aircraft Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Lockheed Aircraft Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Inventors: Lovelady, James N., Kutzscher, Edgar W., Brumfield, Elvin S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Buczinski, S. C.
• Application Number:
  US04/523,179
• Time in Patent Office: 4,584 Days
• Field of Search: 250/199, 250/203, 250/203 R, 250/339, 250/342, 250/347, 250/349
• US Class Current: 250/342
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 3/784 using a mosaic of detectors
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 250/01 Passive intrusion detectors

Abstract

An infrared acquisition device is described which surveys a relatively large field of view in which an emissive target is likely to appear. An optical system focuses an image of the target onto a mosaic of separate detectors arranged in concentric fields and so arranged that the appearance of the target image on the outer or peripheral field will reposition the optical system so as to move the image onto the inner or central field. Chopper means are provided for modulating the signal for processing into servo control signals and also for discriminating against background radiation.

Claims

1. Acquisition apparatus responsive to an infrared emissive target within a given field of view, comprising:

a first array of infrared energy responsive detectors radially disposed in a common plane about a common center;

a second array of infrared energy responsive detectors annularly disposed with respect to said first array of detectors and coplanar therewith;

optical means for collecting and focusing infrared energy from said given field of view onto an image plane coplanar with said first and second arrays of detectors;

positioning means movably carrying said optical means and responsive to signals generated by infrared energy from said target impinging upon a detector of said second array to reposition said optical means to cause the energy from said target to be directed onto a detector of said first array and away from a detector of said second array.

2. Acquisition apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said first array of detectors includes four radially disposed coplanar arcuate sectors each comprising:

an infrared-responsive cell; and

a field lens for directing incoming infrared energy onto said cell.

3. Acquisition apparatus as defined in claim 2 wherein said second array of detectors includes eight coplanar peripheral sectors annularly disposed with respect to said arcuate sectors and each comprising:

an infrared-responsive cell; and

a field lens for directing incoming infrared energy onto said cell.

4. Acquisition apparatus as defined in claim 1 including:

target image chopper means interposed between said target and said arrays for modulating the energy from said target at a first constant frequency.

5. Acquisition apparatus as defined in claim 4 including background modulating means comprising:

an oscillatory field stop coaxially disposed with respect to said common center and adapted to rotate in first one direction and then the other for modulating all of the infrared energy passing through said optical means at a second frequency differing from said first frequency.

6. Acquisition apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said positioning means comprises:

azimuth and elevation servo drive means for directing said optical means to maintain substantially continuous coincidence between said targets'"'"' line-of-sight and the line-of-sight of the detectors of said first array.

7. Acquisition apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said optical means comprises:

an infrared-transparent objective lens movably carried by said positioning means; and

a mosaic of individual infrared-transparent field lenses interposed between said objective lens and said arrays at the focal plane of said objective lens, there being a corresponding one of said field lenses for each one of the detectors comprising said arrays.

8. Acquisition apparatus as defined in claim 1 including:

control means responsive to signals generated by infrared energy from said target impinging upon the detectors of said first array to provide azimuth and elevation aiming signals for control of utilization equipment to which said apparatus is connected.

9. The method of locating a radiant energy emissive target within a given field of view comprising the steps of:

dividing said given field of view into two concentric coplanar viewing zones, one within the other;

subdividing each of said viewing zones into a plurality of contiguous viewing sectors;

focusing an image of said emissive target onto an image plane which is coplanar with said viewing zones;

generating a control signal in response to radiant energy from said emissive target imaged upon any one or more of said sectors, said control signal being identifiable with the corresponding one or more of said sectors upon which a target image falls;

slewing said field of view, in response to the generation of a control signal at any one of said sectors in the outer one of said viewing zones, in a direction which will cause the energy from said target to impinge on an adjacent one of said sectors in the inner one of said viewing zones; and

thereafter,

shifting the center of said field of view to substantially coincide with the common center of the sectors comprising said inner viewing zones.

10. The method of locating a radiant energy emissive target as defined in claim 9 including the steps of:

cyclically modulating the radiant energy impinging on the total area of said viewing zone, at a first frequency;

continuously modulating any viewed radiant energy which is substantially confined within a viewing area which is within the area of a single one of said sectors, at a second frequency differing from said first frequency; and

separating said first frequency from said second frequency in order to discriminate target-emitted radiant energy from background radiant energy in the step of generating said control signal.