Automatic air-in-line fluid detector

• US 4,114,144 A
• Filed: 08/12/1976
• Issued: 09/12/1978
• Est. Priority Date: 08/12/1976
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: ALARIS Medical Systems, Inc. (Becton, Dickinson & Co)
• Original Assignee: IMED Corp (Becton, Dickinson & Co)
• Inventors: Hyman, Oscar E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Caldwell, Sr., John W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Myer, Daniel
• Application Number:
  US05/713,664
• Time in Patent Office: 761 Days
• Field of Search: 340/239 R, 128/214 E, 128/214 F, 128/DIG. 13, 73/194 E, 356/39
• US Class Current: 340/632
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/365 Air detectors A61M5/1684 takes precedence; in extracorporeal blood circuits A61M1/3626
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/85 Investigating moving fluids or granular solids
• CPC Class Codes: G01P 13/0086 with photo-electric detection
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/13 Infusion monitoring

Abstract

An automatic air-in-line detector for either a transparent or an opaque fluid including first detector means for detecting air-in-line in the transparent fluid and second detector means for detecting air-in-line in the opaque fluid, and additionally including control means coupled to the first and second detector means and automatically responsive to the difference between the transparent fluid and the opaque fluid for enabling the first detector means in response to the transparent fluid and for enabling the second detector means in response to the opaque fluid and with an alarm in accordance with the detection of air-in-line in either the transparent or opaque fluid. If any of the detectors fail, the system either automatically alarms or becomes more sensitive. If the control means fail, the system automatically alarms.

Claims

1. An automatic fluid detector for detecting the presence of air in a fluid line containing either an opaque or a transparent fluid, including

means for supporting a portion of the fluid line for detection of air in the fluid line,

first means operatively coupled to the supported portion of the fluid line and responsive to the fluid line containing air or the opaque fluid for producing a first signal in accordance with the fluid line containing air or the opaque fluid and responsive to the fluid line containing the transparent fluid for producing a second signal in accordance with the fluid line containing the transparent fluid,

second means operatively coupled to the supported portion of the fluid line and responsive to the fluid line containing the opaque fluid for producing a first signal in accordance with the fluid line containing the opaque fluid and responsive to the fluid line containing air or the transparent fluid for producing a second signal in accordance with the fluid line containing air or the transparent fluid,

third means operatively coupled to the first and second means and responsive to the first means producing the first signal for passing the first and second signals from the second means, and

fourth means operatively coupled to the first and second means and responsive to the second means producing the second signal for passing the first and second signals from the first means.

2. The automatic fluid detector of claim 1 wherein the first and second means each include at least two optical detectors spaced from each other and with the detection of air in the opaque or transparent fluid dependent on at least two of the optical detectors included in either the first or second means detecting the presence of air at the same time.

3. The automatic fluid detector of claim 2 wherein a failure of any of the optical detectors provides for a detection of air in the fluid line by the remaining detectors included in either the first or second means.

4. The automatic fluid detector of claim 2 wherein the first means includes two optical detectors and the second means includes three optical detectors and with the of air by the second detection means dependent on the detection of air in the fluid line by any two of the three optical detectors.

5. The automatic fluid detector of claim 4 wherein one of the three optical detectors included in the second means is located at an initial position to initially detect the fluid in the fluid line and wherein the two optical detectors included in the first means are located after the one optical detector and wherein the remaining two of the three optical detectors included in the second detectors are located after the two optical detectors included in the first means.

6. The automatic fluid detector of claim 1 additionally including alarm means coupled to the first and second means for producing an alarm in accordance with the detection of air in the fluid line.

7. The automatic fluid detector of claim 6 additionally including means for producing an alarm in accordance with a failure in portions of the detector system.

8. The automatic fluid detector of claim 6 additionally including means coupled to the third and fourth means for producing an alarm when the third and fourth means pass signals from both the first and second means.

9. An automatic air-in-line fluid detector for detecting air-in-line fluid detector for detecting the presence of air-in-line for a fluid line containing either a transparent or an opaque fluid, including

first means operatively coupled to the fluid line for detecting air-in-line with the fluid line containing the transparent fluid,

second means operatively coupled to the fluid line for detecting air-in-line with the fluid line containing the opaque fluid, and

third means operatively coupled to the first and second means and responsive to the fluid line containing the transparent fluid or the opaque fluid and with the first means detecting air-in-line in the fluid line containing the transparent fluid when the third means is responsive to the fluid line containing the transparent fluid and with the second means detecting air-in-line when the third means is responsive to the fluid line containing the opaque fluid.

10. The automatic air-in-line fluid detector of claim 9 wherein the first and second means each include at least two optical detectors spaced from each other and with the detection of air in the opaque or transparent fluid dependent on at least two of the optical detectors included in either the first or second means detecting the presence of air at the same time.

11. The automatic air-in-line fluid detector of claim 10 wherein a failure of any of the optical detectors provides for a detection of air in the fluid line by the remaining detectors included in either the first or second means.

12. The automatic air-in-line fluid detector of claim 10 wherein the first means includes two optical detectors and the second means includes three optical detectors and with the of air by the second detection means dependent on the detection of air in the fluid line by any two of the three optical detectors.

13. The automatic air-in-line fluid detector of claim 12 wherein one of the three optical detectors included in the second means is located at an initial position to initially detect the fluid and wherein the two optical detectors included in the first means are located after the one optical detector and wherein the remaining two of the three optical detectors included in the second means are located after the two optical detectors included in the first means.

14. The automatic air-in-line fluid detector of claim 9 additionally including alarm means coupled to the first and second means for producing an alarm in accordance with the detection of air in the fluid line.

15. The automatic air-in-line fluid detector of claim 14 additionally including means for producing an alarm in accordance with a failure in portions of the detector system.

21. The automatic air-in-line fluid detector of claim 9 additionally including alarm means responsive to the first signals from the first and second optical detectors for producing an alarm in accordance with the presence of air in the fluid line.

22. The automatic air-in-line fluid detector of claim 21 additionally including means for producing an alarm in accordance with a failure in portions of the detector system.

23. The automatic air-in-line fluid detector of claim 21 additionally including additional means coupled to the means responsive to the signals from the first and second plurality of optical detectors for producing an alarm when the means responsive to the signals from the first and second plurality of optical detectors passes signals from both the first and second plurality of optical detectors.

16. An automatic air-in-line fluid detector for detecting the presence or absence of air in either a transparent or an opaque fluid in a fluid line, including

a first plurality of optical detectors operatively coupled to the fluid line for detecting the presence or absence of air-in-line with the fluid line containing transparent fluid and with the first plurality of optical detectors producing first signals in accordance with the presence of air-in-line and producing second signals in accordance with the absence of air-in-line,

a second plurality of optical detectors operatively coupled to the fluid line for detecting the presence or absence of air-in-line with the fluid line containing opaque fluid and with the second plurality of optical detectors producing first signals in accordance with the presence of air-in-line and producing second signals in accordance with the absence of air-in-line, and

means responsive to the first and second signals from the first and second plurality of optical detectors for determining the presence of either transparent or opaque fluid in the fluid line and for passing the first and second signals from the first plurality of optical detectors with the fluid line containing the transparent fluid and for passing the first and second signals from the second plurality of optical detectors with the fluid line containing the opaque fluid.

17. The automatic air-in-line fluid detector of claim 16 wherein the first and second plurality of optical detectors each include at least two optical detectors spaced from each other and with the detection of air in the fluid line containing either opaque or transparent fluid dependent on at least two of the optical detectors included in either the first or second plurality of optical detectors detecting the presence of air at the same time.

18. The automatic air-in-line fluid detector of claim 17 wherein a failure of any of the optical detectors provides for a detection of air in the fluid line by the remaining detectors included in either the first or second plurality of optical detectors.

19. The automatic air-in-line fluid detector of claim 16 wherein the first plurality of optical detectors includes two optical detectors and the second plurality of optical detectors includes three optical detectors and with the detection of air in the fluid line by the second plurality of optical detectors dependent on the detection of air in the fluid line by any two of the three optical detectors.

20. The automatic air-in-line fluid detector of claim 19 wherein one of the three optical detectors included in the second plurality of optical detectors is located at an initial position to initially detect the presence of transparent or opaque fluid in the fluid line and wherein the two optical detectors included in the first plurality of optical detectors are located after the one optical detector and wherein the remaining two of the three optical detectors included in the second plurality of optical detectors are located after the two optical detectors included in the first plurality of optical detectors.