Conductive polyolefin sheet element

• US 4,124,747 A
• Filed: 05/31/1977
• Issued: 11/07/1978
• Est. Priority Date: 06/04/1974
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Company (Exxon Mobil Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Company (Exxon Mobil Corporation)
• Inventors: Murer, Angelo, Amadei, Ottavio
• Primary Examiner(s): Derrington, James H.
• Application Number:
  US05/801,543
• Time in Patent Office: 525 Days
• Field of Search: 260/42.46, 252/511, 428/220, 429/210
• US Class Current: 429/210
• CPC Class Codes: C08K 3/04 Carbon
• CPC Class Codes: H01B 1/24 the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/96 Carbon-based electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0213 Gas-impermeable carbon-containing materials
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells

Abstract

An electrically conductive non-porous polyolefin composition comprising a homogeneous mixture of propyleneethylene copolymer containing 20 mol % to 35 mol % ethylene and at least 30 parts by weight of finely divided conductive carbon, e.g. carbon black, per 100 parts by weight of copolymer. This composition may be made by mixing under conditions of high shear, e.g. in a Banbury mixer, and at a temperature of at least 100° C the propylene-ethylene copolymer and the finely divided conductive carbon, the mixing being continued until a homogeneous blend is obtained. A bi-polar sheet for an electrochemical cell may be formed by obtaining a homogeneous blend of polyolefin and finely divided conductive carbon by the above-mentioned process and thereafter forming the composition into the shape of a bi-polar plate.

Claims

1. An electrically conductive nonporous polyolefin element comprising a homogeneous mixture of a crystalline propylene-ethylene copolymer containing from 20 mole % to 35 mole % ethylene and at least 30 parts by weight of finely divided conductive carbon per 100 parts by weight of copolymer, said element being in the form of a thin sheet having a thickness of from about 150 microns to about 500 microns and said element having an electric resistivity below about 10 ohm-cm as determined by ASTM Test Method D-257-61.

2. An element according to claim 1 wherein the copolymer has a Melt Flow Rate (MFR) of from 5 to 10.

3. An element according to claim 1 wherein the finely divided conductive carbon is present in an amount of 90 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of copolymer.

4. An element according to claim 3 wherein the finely divided conductive carbon is carbon black.

5. An element according to claim 4 wherein the carbon black is acetylene black.

6. An element according to claim 1 wherein the finely divided conductive carbon has an active surface area of 300 to 500 m² /gm.

7. An electrically conductive non-porous sheet having a thickness of between about 150 microns to about 500 microns comprising a homogeneous mixture of a crystalline propylene-ethylene copolymer containing from 20 mole % to 35 mole % ethylene and from 30 to 120 parts by weight of finely divided conductive carbon per 100 parts by weight of copolymer, said copolymer having a Melt Flow Rate of from 5 to 10 and said element having a resistivity below about 10 ohm-cm as determined by ASTM Test Method D-257-61.

8. In a bipolar plate for electrochemical cells having an insulating frame supporting a thin electrically conductive sheet element, the improvement wherein said sheet element comprises a crystalline propylene-ethylene copolymer having from 20 mole % to 35 mole % ethylene and a Melt Flow Rate of from 5 to 10, said copolymer compounded with from 30 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of finely divided conductive carbon, said sheet element having a thickness of from 150 microns to 500 microns, being nonporous and having a substantially uniform volume resistivity as determined by ASTM Test Method D-257-61 of below 10 ohm-cm when measured at any point on the surface of the element.

9. The improvement of claim 8 wherein said element has an average resistivity of below about 1 ohm-cm.