Intravenous and intra arterial delivery system

• US 4,126,132 A
• Filed: 06/30/1976
• Issued: 11/21/1978
• Est. Priority Date: 07/28/1975
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Baxter International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Andros, Inc. (Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. (China))
• Inventors: Jassawalla, Jal S., Portner, Peer M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Truluck, Dalton L.
• Application Number:
  US05/701,238
• Time in Patent Office: 874 Days
• Field of Search: 128/214 R, 128/214 E, 128/214 F, 128/214.2, 128/DIG. 12, 128/DIG. 13, 128/273, 417/459, 417/465, 417/468, 417/454
• US Class Current: 604/123
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14224 Diaphragm type
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/172 electrical or electronic A61M5/16804, A61M5/16831 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/12 Pressure infusion

Abstract

An intravenous and intra arterial delivery system is described having a disposable cassette actuated by a pump and control electronics for providing positive but variable delivery rates. The cassette is self-priming and provides protection against the delivery of air by being unable to impel air, and means provide an indication of excessive air in the cassette. The electronics has low power consumption so as to be suitable for battery operation, such as by way of rechargeable batteries. A pressure sensor in the delivery line may be used to sense infiltration. The system further features a provision for predetermining the amount of fluid to be delivered, and a detection system for detecting an empty supply bottle.

Claims

1. A system for pumping fluids for intravenous injection comprising a cassette, a pump and electric pump control means, said cassette having:

a cassette body defining a chamber having an inlet port and an outlet port, said inlet port having a means for coupling to a source of fluid to be injected;

first valve means coupled to said inlet port for allowing unidirectional flow into said chamber through said inlet port;

first valve biasing means for preloading said first valve means to a closed position an amount so as to be opened by a substantial fluid pressure above said first valve means, second valve means coupled to said outlet port for allowing unidirectional flow out of said chamber through said outlet port;

second valve biasing means for preloading said second valve means to a closed position an amount so as to be opened by a substantial fluid pressure in said chamber, said second valve biasing means including means for relieving the bias of said second valve means to the closed position when said cassette is decoupled from said pump;

movable means comprising a diaphragm defining a part of said chamber for varying the volume of said chamber in response to movement of said movable means, and collector means coupled to said outlet port for directing fluid from said outlet port toward a needle;

said pump having;

means for detachably coupling to said cassette;

a linear actuator movable between first and second positions by an electrical signal for providing a mechanical motion in response to electrical input, said actuator being engageable with said diaphragm on said cassette when said pump is coupled to said cassette and being positioned such that said diaphragm is always distended inwardly by said actuator throughout movement thereof between said first and second positions, said electric pump control means being means for providing a periodic electrical signal to said pump, said control means further having means for controllably varying the period of said electrical signal.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein said actuator means include a stepper motor.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein said electric pump control means are adapted to periodically provide an electrical pulse to said actuator means.

4. The system of claim 1 wherein said electric pump control means are adapted to operate on a battery power supply.

5. The system of claim 1 wherein said cassette body includes an opening therein, and wherein said movable means comprise a diaphragm extending across said opening to form part of the confines of said chamber.

6. The system of claim 1 wherein said electric pump control means include means for providing a repetitive signal to said actuator means, and means for manually setting the frequency of repetition of said repetitive signal.

7. The system of claim 6 wherein said electric pump control means further include means for altering said repetitive signal upon the occurrence of a predetermined number of repetitions of said repetitive signal.

8. The system of claim 7 comprising means for manually setting said predetermined number.

9. The system of claim 1 further including pressure sensor means for terminating said periodic electrical signal upon increases in pressure in the outlet of said pump.

10. A cassette for a pump having an activating projection thereon, said cassette comprising:

a cassette body with a chamber having an inlet port and an outlet port, said inlet port having means for coupling to a source of fluid to be injected;

first valve means coupled to said inlet port for allowing unidirectional flow into said chamber through said inlet port;

second valve means coupled to said outlet port for allowing unidirectional flow out of said chamber through said outlet port, said second valve means having biasing means for controllably preloading and unpreloading said second valve means;

said second valve biasing means preloading said second valve means to a closed position an amount so as to be opened by a substantial fluid pressure in said chamber;

said second valve biasing means having a portion thereof engageable by the actuating projection on the pump to render said second valve biasing means operable, a diaphragm defining a part of said chamber for varying the volume of said chamber in response to movement of said diaphragm;

collector means coupled to said outlet port for directing fluid from said outlet port toward a needle; and

means for coupling said diaphragm to an actuator.

11. A pumping system for use in an intravenous delivery system, comprising, a pump including a driver element adapted for reciprocatory motion through a predetermined stroke distance upon energization of said pump, and a disposable cassette adapted to be detachably secured to said pump, said cassette having wall means defining a chamber with inlet and outlet ports adapted for series connection in the flow of fluid in the intravenous delivery system, said wall means including a deformable portion for varying the volume of said chamber, said driver element of said pump being positioned to engage said deformable portion of said wall means with said cassette secured to said pump throughout movement of said driver element through predetermined stroke distance, preloaded valve means in said outlet port providing a unidirectional flow of fluid therethrough out of said chamber, wherein projecting means are provided on said pump for engaging said valve means in said outlet port with said cassette secured to said pump to maintain the preloading of said valve means in said outlet port, said projecting means being disengageable from said valve means when said cassette is detached from said pump, whereby said valve means in said outlet port are no longer preloaded.