Night vision system

• US 4,131,818 A
• Filed: 10/12/1967
• Issued: 12/26/1978
• Est. Priority Date: 10/12/1967
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Litton Systems Incorporated (Northrop Grumman Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Varian Associates, Inc. (Siemens AG)
• Inventors: Wilder, deceased, Marshall
• Primary Examiner(s): Blum, Theodore M.
• Application Number:
  US04/675,279
• Time in Patent Office: 4,093 Days
• Field of Search: 313/94, 313/95, 313/96, 313/103, 313/104, 313/108, 313/67, 313/103 R, 313/103 CM, 315/11, 250/207, 250/213 VT
• US Class Current: 250/214.0VT
• CPC Class Codes: H01J 2231/5016 Michrochannel plates [MCP]
• CPC Class Codes: H01J 31/50 Image-conversion or image-amplification tubes, i.e. having optical, X-ray, or analogous input, and optical output

Abstract

Image detection and intensification under exceedingly low levels of illumination, as of 10^-2 to 10^-5 foot candles, is made possible by combining the advantages of conventional inverter image tubes with those of recently developed microchannel plate wafer tubes. Under environmental conditions necessitating an overall luminous gain of 50,000, a microchannel plate wafer tube is coupled to the output of a conventional inverter image tube permitting cone viewing by operating personnel. This is made possible by operating the microchannel plate wafer tube at low electron gain levels such that microchannel plate noise characteristics are maintained at acceptable levels. The objectives of reduced size, weight, and power consumption approximating that of a single stage of the presently used three stage night vision systems are thereby achieved. Furthermore, since external photocathode processing techniques may be used in the manufacture of the microchannel plate wafer tubes and modular construction is permitted, greater production yields are realized at significant cost savings.

Claims

1. A night vision system for image intensification having high luminous gain and high resolution with low noise deterioration comprising:

an inverter image tube having an input window, means coupled to said input window for converting light photons to free electrons, means for accelerating and focusing said electrons, means for converting said accelerated electrons into a new set of light photons, and an output window;

an electron multiplying image tube having an input window and an output window;

means coupling said input window of said electron multiplying image tube to said output window of said inverter image tube; and

optical means focusing an inverted image of available light onto said input window of said inverter image tube.

2. A night vision system according to claim 1 wherein said electron multiplying image tube comprises:

an input window coated with a photo-electron emitting material,

an output window coated with a photo emitting material, and

means for producing secondary electrons disposed between said input and said output window of said electron multiplying image tube, said image being maintained in the form of an electron cloud of secondary electrons.

3. A night vision system according to claim 2 wherein said secondary electron producing means comprises:

an array of tubes having an input and an output,

a first electrode disposed adjacent said input,

a second electrode disposed adjacent said output,

and means for applying a potential difference between said first and said second electrode.