Detecting circuit for a photocell pattern sensing assembly

• US 4,137,451 A
• Filed: 12/22/1977
• Issued: 01/30/1979
• Est. Priority Date: 12/22/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: ABB Power T&D Limited (ABB Limited)
• Original Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Company LLC (Brookfield Asset Management Incorporated)
• Inventors: Einolf, Charles W. Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): Dahl, Lawrence J.
• Application Number:
  US05/863,192
• Time in Patent Office: 404 Days
• Field of Search: 250/231 SE, 340/190, 340/347 P
• US Class Current: 250/231.13
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 5/34792 with only digital scales or both digital and incremental scales
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 1/305 for detecting the direction of movement

Abstract

Encoding photocells are positioned in a circuit array for sensing lighted and unlighted variations produced by changes in an optical code pattern. Corresponding signal output changes of the encloding photocells are detected by being sequentially connected to a sensing network including a reference photocell circuit array. The encoding photocell output changes are sensed at a voltage comparator having inputs connected to the sensing network and a fixed voltage reference to produce a binary signal output. A comparator inhibiting circuit deactivates the comparator in response to a malfunction condition to protect against erroneous operation.

Claims

1. A photocell detecting circuit for sensing a coded pattern of light radiations produced by an optically coded pattern having opaque and transparent code segments which correspondingly transmit and block the light radiations at a plurality of sensing positions, said photocell detecting circuit comprising:

an array of encoding photocells having a separate one of said encoding photocells located at each of said sensing positions for response to the transmitted and blocked coded light radiations;

a reference photocell circuit including at least one reference photocell located for receiving light radiations independent of said coded light radiations;

means including a sequential sampling control circuit for combining lighted and unlighted output values of each encoding photocell with a lighted output value of said reference photocell circuit so as to produce a signal to be sensed having variable magnitudes responsive to the combined output values of separate ones of said encoding photocells and of said reference photocell circuit;

analog voltage comparator means having first and second inputs and an output, said first input receiving said signal to be sensed, said second input having a predetermined reference voltage connected thereto to establish a predetermined threshold value in said comparator means, and said output of said comparator means producing an output binary signal having first and second signal values responsive to the signal to be sensed increasing and decreasing above and below said threshold value; and

inhibiting circuit means connected to said comparator means so as to render the comparator output active and inactive in response to the presence or absence, respectively, of a predetermined malfunction condition in said photocell detecting circuit.

2. A photocell detecting circuit as claimed in claim 1 wherein said reference photocell circuit includes plural reference photocells each of a type substantially identical to said encoding photocells, and further wherein the ratio of the unlighted and lighted output values of said encoding photocells are greater than a first predetermined ratio value and the ratio of the unlighted encoding photocell and lighted reference photocell circuit output values are not less than a second predetermined ratio value.

3. A photocell detecting circuit as claimed in claim 2 including feedback circuit means connected between said output and said second input of said comparator means so as to establish a predetermined hysteresis whereby the turn-on threshold for changing the output binary signal to the first value is different than a turn-off threshold for changing the output binary signal to the second value.

4. A photocell detecting circuit as claimed in claim 2 wherein said encoding and reference photocells are of a photoconductive type having variations in photoelectric output resistance values.

5. A photocell detecting circuit as claimed in claim 4 including a circuit board having said arrays of encoding and reference photocells formed thereon by integrated circuit dispositions thereon.

6. A photocell detecting circuit as claimed in claim 5 wherein said encoding photocells are arranged in a plurality of groups of encoding photocells distributed between the ends of said circuit board and said array of reference photocells has separate ones of the reference photocells generally equally distributed between the ends of the circuit board and adjacent the groups of encoding photocells.

7. A photocell detecting circuit as claimed in claim 5 wherein said circuit board includes a common printed circuit terminal connected to one electrode of each of the encoding photocells and separate printed circuit terminals connected to each of the other electrodes of the encoding photocells, and further wherein the electrodes of said reference photocells are connected in series with two further printed circuit terminals of said circuit board, and said detecting circuit further including circuit means connecting said common terminal of said encoding photocells in series with one of said two further terminals of the series-connected reference photocells so as to form a voltage divider sensing network producing said signal to be sensed at the junction of said encoding and reference photocells.

8. A photocell detecting circuit for an optoelectronic meter register encoder including a coded pattern means associated with each pointer shaft of a meter register dial for transmitting and blocking light radiations at each of plural groups of sensing positions associated with each of said pointer shafts, said photocell detecting circuit comprising:

an array of encoding photocells formed into plural groups of encoding photocells circumferentially disposed about each of said pointer shafts and at said sensing positions associated therewith for receiving the coded blocked and transmitted light radiations;

an array of reference photocells positioned adjacent to said plural groups of said encoding photocells and receiving continuous light radiations;

means connecting said reference photocells in series and to one electrode of each said encoding photocells to form a voltage dividing sensing network having an output at the junction of said encoding photocells and said reference photocells;

a voltage source;

sequential sampling control means having a common input connected to said voltage source and a plurality of outputs connected to the other electrodes of said encoding photocells for sequentially energizing a separate one of said encoding photocells and said series-connected reference photocells so as to develop a signal to be sensed at said output of said sensing network;

voltage comparator means having a first input receiving said signal to be sensed, a second input receiving a reference voltage establishing a predetermined turn-on threshold value, an output, and a feedback resistance connected between said output and said second input for establishing a predetermined turn-off threshold value so that said output produces a binary signal in response to said signal to be sensed exceeding said turn-on and turn-off threshold values; and

inhibiting circuit means connected to said comparator means to render said comparator active and inactive in response to a malfunction condition in said detecting circuit.

9. A photocell detecting circuit as claimed in claim 8 including a source of illumination for producing the coded light radiations and a second voltage source for energizing said source of illumination, and further including means for connecting said second voltage source to said inhibiting circuit means so as to render said comparator means inactive when said source of illumination is not energized.

10. The photocell detecting the circuit as claimed in claim 9 wherein said sequential sampling control means includes a multiplex circuit including inputs receiving coded signals controlling the sequential energization of said encoding photocells.

11. The photocell detecting circuit as claimed in claim 10 wherein said encoding and reference photocells are a common photoconductive type formed on a common circuit board.