Active binder propellants incorporating burning rate catalysts
First Claim
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1. An active binder propellant composition comprising, by weight:
- (A) a nitrocellulose binder in the range 8-99.9 percent;
(B) oxidizer or monopropellant in the range 0-60 percent; and
(C) a burn rate catalyst, in the range 0.01-20 percent, which consists of certain decahydrodecaborate salts, having the common anion B10 H10-2 wherein the cation is selected from the group consisting of;
(i) ammonium, wherein the salt has the formula (NH4)2 B10 H10 ;
(ii) hydrazinium, wherein the salt has the general formula (NH2 NH3)B10 H10 ;
(iii) substituted ammonium cations, wherein the salt has the general formula (R3 NH)2 B10 H10, wherein further R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing less than six carbon atoms;
(iv) substituted hydrazinium cations, wherein the salt has the general formula (R2 NNR2 H)2 B10 H10 wherein further R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing less than six atoms,wherein said burn rate catalyst is further the resultant product of a coprecipitation of one of said group of decahydrodecaborate salts, and a solid oxidizing agent, by the process of;
(i) dissolving both the decahydrodecaborate (-2) salt and the solid oxidizing agent in a mutually soluble solvent, at a temperature sufficiently high to maintain said salt and said oxidizing agent in solution;
(ii) forming a pressurized stream of said solution and bringing said solution stream together with a pressurized stream of a miscible nonsolvent, under conditions of extreme turbulence within a mixing chamber, to effect a substantially complete coprecipitation;
(iii) recovering the coprecipitated product by filtering the effluent from said mixing chamber, and washing said product with an inert and nonsolvent fluid;
(iv) drying the product to remove all remaining fluid.
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Abstract
New propellant compositions characterized by the addition of certain simple salts and double salts, both metallic and non-metallic, having the B10 H10-2 anion in common, are taught herein to function as a class of burn rate catalysts, and not as fuels, when combined with a category of propellants known as nitrocellulose base propellants. Additionally, unique forms of the simple salts, created by coprecipitation of the simple salt with an oxidizer, constitute a third class of burn rate enhancers herein.
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Citations
17 Claims
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1. An active binder propellant composition comprising, by weight:
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(A) a nitrocellulose binder in the range 8-99.9 percent; (B) oxidizer or monopropellant in the range 0-60 percent; and (C) a burn rate catalyst, in the range 0.01-20 percent, which consists of certain decahydrodecaborate salts, having the common anion B10 H10-2 wherein the cation is selected from the group consisting of; (i) ammonium, wherein the salt has the formula (NH4)2 B10 H10 ; (ii) hydrazinium, wherein the salt has the general formula (NH2 NH3)B10 H10 ; (iii) substituted ammonium cations, wherein the salt has the general formula (R3 NH)2 B10 H10, wherein further R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing less than six carbon atoms; (iv) substituted hydrazinium cations, wherein the salt has the general formula (R2 NNR2 H)2 B10 H10 wherein further R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing less than six atoms, wherein said burn rate catalyst is further the resultant product of a coprecipitation of one of said group of decahydrodecaborate salts, and a solid oxidizing agent, by the process of; (i) dissolving both the decahydrodecaborate (-2) salt and the solid oxidizing agent in a mutually soluble solvent, at a temperature sufficiently high to maintain said salt and said oxidizing agent in solution; (ii) forming a pressurized stream of said solution and bringing said solution stream together with a pressurized stream of a miscible nonsolvent, under conditions of extreme turbulence within a mixing chamber, to effect a substantially complete coprecipitation; (iii) recovering the coprecipitated product by filtering the effluent from said mixing chamber, and washing said product with an inert and nonsolvent fluid; (iv) drying the product to remove all remaining fluid. - View Dependent Claims (5, 9)
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2. An active binder propellant composition comprising, by weight:
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(A) a nitrocellulose binder in the range 8-99.9 percent; (B) oxidizer or monopropellant in the range 0-60 percent; and (C) a burn rate catalyst, in the range 0.01-20 percent, which consists of certain decahydrodecaborate salts, having the common anion B10 H10-2, and a cation selected from the group consisting of; (i) tetramethylammonium, (CH3)4 N+, tetraethylammonium, (CH3 CH2)4 N+, and quaternary ammonium cations having the general formula R4 N+ wherein R is an alkyl radical; (ii) pyrididinium, bipyridinium aryl-diazonium, aryl containing cations and substituted aryl containing cations, wherein said burn rate catalyst is further the resultant product of a coprecipitation of one of said group of decahydrodecaborate salts, and a solid oxidizing agent, by the process of; (i) dissolving both the decahydrodecaborate (-2) salt and the solid oxidizing agent in a mutually soluble solvent, at a temperature sufficiently high to maintain said salt and said oxidizing agent in solution; (ii) forming a pressurized stream of said solution and bringing said solution stream together with a pressurized stream of a miscible nonsolvent, under conditions of extreme turbulence within a mixing chamber, to effect a substantially complete coprecipitation; (iii) recovering the coprecipitated product by filtering the effluent from said mixing chamber, and washing said product with an inert and nonsolvent fluid; (iv) drying the product to remove all remaining liquid. - View Dependent Claims (6, 10)
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3. An active propellant composition comprising, by weight:
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(A) a nitrocellulose binder in the range 8-99.9 percent; (B) oxidizer or monopropellant in the range 0-60 percent; and (C) a burn rate catalyst, in the range 0.01-20 percent, which consists of a decahydrodecaborate salt, having the anion B10 H10-2, wherein the cation is guanidinium, and the salt has the formula (C(NH2)3)2 B10 H10, wherein said burn rate catalyst is further the resultant product of a coprecipitation of bis guanidinium decahydrodecaborate, and a solid oxidizing agent, by the process of; (i) dissolving both the decahydrodecaborate (-2) salt and the solid oxidizing agent in a mutually soluble solvent, at a temperature sufficiently high to maintain said salt and said oxidizing agent in solution; (ii) forming a pressurized stream of said solution and bringing said solution stream together with a pressurized stream of a miscible nonsolvent, under conditions of extreme turbulence within a mixing chamber, to effect a substantially complete coprecipitation; (iii) recovering the coprecipitated product by filtering the effluent from said mixing chamber, and washing said product with an inert and nonsolvent fluid; (iv) drying the product to remove all remaining liquid. - View Dependent Claims (7, 11)
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4. An active binder propellant composition comprising, by weight:
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(A) a nitrocellulose binder in the range 8-99.9 percent; (B) oxidizer or monopropellant in the range 0-60 percent; and (C) a burn rate catalyst, in the range 0.01-20 percent, which consists of a metallic decahydrodecaborate salt, having the common anion B10 H10-2, wherein the cation is selected from the group consisting of; (i) metal ions derived from the elements in Groups 1, 2, 8, 3b, 4b, 5b, 6b, 7b, and the elements of Groups 3a, 4a, 5a, and 6a which have atomic numbers respectively greater than 5, 14, 33 and 52, wherein said burn rate catalyst is further the resultant product of a coprecipitation of one of said group of decahydrodecaborate salts, and a solid oxidizing agent, by the process of; (i) dissolving both the decahydrodecaborate (-2) salt and the solid oxidizing agent in a mutually soluble solvent, at a temperature sufficiently high to maintain said salt and said oxidizing agent in solution; (ii) forming a pressurized stream of said solution and bringing said solution stream together with a pressurized stream of a miscible nonsolvent, under conditions of extreme turbulence within a mixing chamber, to effect a substantially complete coprecipitation; (iii) recovering the coprecipitated product by filtering the effluent from said mixing chamber, and washing said product with an inert and nonvolvent fluid; (iv) drying the product to remove all remaining liquid. - View Dependent Claims (8, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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Specification
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Current AssigneeTeledyne Mccormick Selph (Teledyne Technologies Incorporated)
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Original AssigneeTeledyne Mccormick Selph (Teledyne Technologies Incorporated)
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InventorsThatcher, Donald N., Goddard, Terrence P.
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Primary Examiner(s)Miller, Edward A.
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Application NumberUS05/696,324Time in Patent Office973 DaysField of Search149/22, 149/19.2, 149/19.8, 149/96US Class Current149/19.2CPC Class CodesC06B 23/007 Ballistic modifiers, burnin...C06B 47/10 a component containing free...
