Electrolyte-cathode assembly for a fuel cell

• US 4,142,024 A
• Filed: 05/27/1977
• Issued: 02/27/1979
• Est. Priority Date: 05/28/1976
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Helmut Tannenberger, Paul Van Den Berghe
• Original Assignee: Helmut Tannenberger, Paul Van Den Berghe
• Inventors: Tannenberger, Helmut, Van den Berghe, Paul
• Primary Examiner(s): Mack, John H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Feeley, H. A.
• Application Number:
  US05/801,391
• Time in Patent Office: 641 Days
• Field of Search: 429/40, 429/41, 429/44
• US Class Current: 429/482
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/9025 Oxides specially used in fuel cell operating at high temperature, e.g. SOFC
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells

Abstract

An electrolyte cathode assembly for a solid electrolyte fuel cell intended for operation at high temperature comprises a solid ceramic electrolyte gas-tight body which is capable of conducting oxygen ions, the electrolyte having in contact with it and secured to its surface a layer of electron-conducting material which is a compact layer made up of a mixture of doped indium oxide In₂ O₃ and a ceramic material which is capable of conducting both oxygen ions and electrons at the cell operating temperature, the said layer being covered with a surface layer, which is permeable to gas, of doped indium oxide In₂ O₃ having a dendritic structure.

Claims

1. An electrolyte-cathode assembly for a solid electrolyte fuel cell intended for operation at high temperature, which assembly comprises a solid ceramic electrolyte gas-tight body which is capable of conducting oxygen ions, and at least one layer of electron-conducting material in contact with the electrolyte and deposited on the surface thereof, wherein the layer of electron-conducting material is a compact layer having a thickness of at least 1 micron and at most 50 microns and consisting of a mixture containing from 20 to 80% by volume of indium oxide In₂ O₃ doped with tin oxide, the remainder being a ceramic material capable of conducting oxygen ions and electrons at the cell operating temperature and which is a mixed oxide solid solution crystallized in the cubic system, consisting essentially of (1) zirconium oxide ZrO₂, (2) at least one oxide stabilizing the cubic phase of zirconium oxide and (3) uranium oxide UO₂, the said layer being covered with a gas permeable surface layer having a thickness of at least 30 microns and at most 200 microns consisting essentially of indium oxide doped with tin oxide and having a dendritic structure.

2. An electrolyte-cathode assembly as claimed in claim 1 wherein the mixed oxide contains at least 78 mol % and at most 86 mol % of zirconium oxide;

at least 8 mol % and at most 12 mol % of yttrium oxide Y₂ O₃ and at least 4 mol % and at most 12 mol % of uranium oxide.

3. An electrolyte-cathode assembly as claimed in claim 1 wherein the tin in the tin oxide is present in an amount of at least 1% and at most 5% of the atoms with respect to the total number of atoms of indium and tin.

4. An electrolyte-cathode assembly as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dendritic structure of the surface layer is such that the dendrites have major axes which are perpendicular to the surface of the electrolyte.