Water recycling system

• US 4,145,279 A
• Filed: 01/24/1977
• Issued: 03/20/1979
• Est. Priority Date: 01/24/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Purecycle Corporation
• Original Assignee: Purecycle Corporation
• Inventors: Selby, Howard W. III
• Primary Examiner(s): Wyse, Thomas G.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Cintins, Ivars
• Application Number:
  US05/762,103
• Time in Patent Office: 785 Days
• Field of Search: 210/25, 210/27, 210/29, 210/35, 210/64, 210/73 R, 210/73 S, 210/97, 210/98, 210/102, 210/141, 210/142, 210/150, 210/151, 210/167, 210/257 R, 210/257 M, 210/266, 210/269 , 210/275, 210/284, 210/297, 210/319, 210/321 R, 210/326, 210/331, 210/332, 210/393, 210/402, 210/501, 210/86, 210/96 R, 210/103, 210/104, 210/105, 210/108, 210/134 , 210/135, 210/143, 210/17, 210/96 M
• US Class Current: 210/614
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 49/85 Controlling or regulating devices therefor
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/32 with ultraviolet light
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/42 by ion-exchange ion-exchange in general B01J
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/444 by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/725 by catalytic oxidation
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2001/422 using anionic exchangers
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2001/425 using cation exchangers
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2001/427 using mixed beds
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2209/005 Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2209/05 Conductivity or salinity
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2209/11 Turbidity
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2303/04 Disinfection
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2303/16 Regeneration of sorbents, filters
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2303/26 Reducing the size of particles, liquid droplets or bubbles, e.g. by crushing, grinding, spraying, creation of microbubbles or nanobubbles
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 3/08 using moving contact bodies
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 3/1242 Small compact installations for use in homes, apartment blocks, hotels or the like
• CPC Class Codes: Y02W 10/10 Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

A closed water recycling system produces portable drinking water from total domestic waste-water, including household sewage. A microprocessor monitors the operation of the system and automatically back-flushes the ultra-filter assembly, regenerates the ion exchange bed when the monitored variables indicate this is necessary, and acts as a failsafe monitor to insure water quality by shutting down the system in case of a malfunction. For example, the bed includes acid and base regenerated resins having different specific gravities. When a monitor indicates that the bed requires regeneration, a water flush separates resins by specific gravity. Acid and bas regenerating solutions are supplied to opposite sides of the bed. The flow of regenerating solution is stopped when the salt band produced during regeneration approaches an outlet at the middle of the bed. By stopping regeneration before excess regenerative has entered the bed, a saving in regenerating solution is effected and reduction in rinse water is effected, keeping the water losses from regeneration to a minimum. (It is desireable to have only a small amount of by-product water of high salt content to dispose of.) In a preferred embodiment, a rotational digestor has a wheel which evaporates the waste-water solution.

Claims

1. A closed water recycling system producing potable water from waste-water comprising:

a buffer for storing said waste-water,

a filtration unit for removing virus, bacteria and organic molecules from said waste-water,

a biological digestor connected between said buffer and said filtration unit for exposing sewage in said waste-water to the air,

a demineralizer for removing organic materials, color and inorganic salts from said waste-water,

a water cistern for storing water which has been processed by said filtration unit, said biological digestor and said demineralizer,

monitoring means for monitoring the operation of said filtration unit and said demineralizer and for monitoring the level in said buffer and in said water cistern, and

a microprocessor responsive to the output of said monitoring means for controlling the intermittent flow of water between said buffer and said cistern and the intermittent backflushing of said filtration unit, and monitoring water quality fail-safe controls.

2. The system recited in claim 1 wherein said microprocessor controls the operation of a demineralizer which comprises a bed including at least two different resins which are acid regenerant and base regenerated and which have different specific gravities,

said monitoring means including a bed monitor at the output of said bed for indicating when said resins have been depleted and require regeneration,

means controlled by said microprocessor for back-flushing said bed in response to said indication of said monitor,

said back-flushing separating said resins according to specific gravity,

means controlled by said microprocessor for supplying an acid regenerating solution to one side of said bed and a base regenerating solution to the other side of said bed in response to the indication from said bed monitor,

an outlet near the middle of said bed for removing regenerant solution during regeneration, and

a regeneration monitor in said bed connected to said microprocessor to stop said regeneration before the entire bed is regenerated.

3. The system recited in claim 2 wherein said regeneration monitor is a salt monitor positioned a distance from said outlet so that the salt band produced during regeneration by ion exchange in said bed is detected before it reaches said outlet, thereby permitting the regenerating solutions already in said bed to move said salt band to said outlet.

4. The system recited in claim 1 wherein said monitoring means includes a filter monitor producing an output indicating that said filtration unit requires back-flushing, and

means controlled by said microprocessor for back-flushing said filtration unit in response to the output of said filter monitor.

5. The system recited in claim 1 further comprising:

a sterilizer for final sterilization of processed water.

6. The system recited in claim 1 wherein said biological digestor comprises:

rotating disks in a tank partially filled with waste-water which is exposed to the air as said disks rotate.

7. The system recited in claim 6 wherein said biological digestor further comprises:

a rotating wheel having a permeable outer membrane, said waste-water diffusing through said permeable membrane to the inside of said wheel, and

a water scoop for transferring and controlling water from inside the digestor to said system.

8. The method of processing waste-water into potable water comprising:

biologically digesting sewage in said waste-water,

filtering virus, bacteria and organic molecules from said waste-water,

intermittently passing said waste-water through ion exchange resins to remove organic materials, color, and inorganic salts,

monitoring the requirement for backflushing of the filter and conductivity of water passing through said ion exchange resins, and

controlling the intermittent back-flushing of said filter and the regeneration of said resins with a microprocessor connected to respond to said monitoring.

9. The method recited in claim 8 wherein said resins are in a bed which includes at least two different resins which are acid regenerated and base regenerated and which have different specific gravities, said method further comprising:

mixing said resins for operation of said system, continually monitoring the operation of said system to indicate when said bed requires regeneration,

in response to the foregoing indication, automatically separating said resins according to specific gravity by flushing water through said bed,

supplying acid regenerating solution to one side of said bed and base regenerating solution to the other side of said bed,

monitoring the level of the regenerant front and of the salt band produced by ion exchange in said bed, and

automatically stopping the flow of regenerating solution to said bed before said regenerant front reaches the outlet of said bed, thereby permitting the regenerating solution remaining to complete regeneration.

10. An ion exchange bed for a water treatment system comprising:

a tank for containing ion exchange resins, an inlet and an outlet in said tank for flow of water to be treated through said bed,

means for supplying regenerating solution to said bed,

an outlet for removing regenerant from said bed during regeneration, and

a monitor for monitoring the position of the regenerant in said bed, said monitor being connected to stop regeneration before said regenerant reaches said outlet.

11. The bed recited in claim 10 wherein said tank includes acid and base regenerated resins having different specific gravities,

means for supplying a base regenerating solution to one side of said bed,

means for supplying an acid regenerating solution to the other side of said bed, said outlet for regenerate being positioned near the middle of said bed, said monitor stopping said regeneration before the position of said regenerant reaches the middle of said bed.

12. A biological digestor for a water treatment system comprising:

a tank adapted to be partially filled with waste-water,

means for supplying waste-water to said tank,

rotating disks mounted in said tank for exposing said water to the air,

a rotating wheel having a permeable outer membrane, said rotating wheel being mounted in said tank, said water diffusing through said membrane to the inside of said wheel, and

a separation unit, and

a water scoop inside said rotating wheel for transferring water from the inside of said wheel to said separation unit.

13. A closed water recylcing system producing potable water from waste-water comprising:

a buffer for storing waste-water,

a biological digestor for decomposing sewage in said waste-water, waste-water from said buffer being supplied to said biological digestor,

a filtration unit including an ultra-filtration membrane for removing virus, bacteria and organic molecules from said waste-water,

multiple ion exchange resins for removing organic materials, color and inorganic salts,

a water cistern for storing processed water,

means for intermittently moving water between said digestor, filtration unit, ion exchange resins and water cistern which are connected in a closed recycling system,

monitoring means for monitoring the operation of said system, and

a microprocessor responsive to the output of said monitoring means for controlling said means for intermittently moving water.