Multi-color video display systems using more than one signal source

• US 4,149,184 A
• Filed: 12/02/1977
• Issued: 04/10/1979
• Est. Priority Date: 12/02/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Williams, Robin, Langdon, Glen G. Jr., Giddings, Gary M., Malowany, Alfred S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Richardson, Robert L.
• Application Number:
  US05/856,680
• Time in Patent Office: 494 Days
• Field of Search: 358/22, 358/81, 358/82, 340/324 AD, 340/366 CA
• US Class Current: 348/34
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/026 Control of mixing and/or overlay of colours in general G09G5/022 and G09G5/024 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/76 for mixing of colour signals H04N9/75 takes precedence

Abstract

An improved video display system is provided in which two color images are combinable in a dynamic and self-determining fashion to provide improved contrast, comprehension and display versatility. Two separate video signals that are to be used in generating a single display are converted into sequences of digitally encoded picture elements (pixels). Control signals are generated that are dependent upon the data content of the elements in at least one of the sequences, and these signals are used to govern the mode of combination of the two video signals for individual pixel sets. For example a first video signal of digital character and having varying pixel intensity may be transformed into color values for a first pseudocolor display. A second video signal, derived from an analog source, is digitized and is also transformed into pseudocolor, concurrent with the dynamic generation in real time of the data dependent control signals. Such control signals may be incorporated in either or both of the digitized data sequences, and the second video signal may be digitized with or without adjustment of intensity ranges within variable limits. The two transformed digital signal sequences are then arithmetically or logically combined in accordance with the functions defined by the data dependent control signals. For example, the signals may be added, ANDed, ORed, averaged, subtracted, or one or the other can be blocked, and these functions can be varied, dependent upon the data, in incremental fashion within the display. Consequently, the contrast between the two color images can be selectively enhanced, the data contained in the images can be much more clearly depicted in graphical form, and special effects can be obtained in versatile and discretionary fashion.

Claims

1. Apparatus for selectively combining signals representative of two electrically independent image sources to provide a combined signal suitable for controlling a display, comprising:

means responsive to the signals for generating separate sequential bit coded representations thereof,

means responsive to the data values contained in at least one of the sequential representations for generating sequential digital control signals for dynamically controlling the logical combination of individual bit coded representations in the sequences; and

digital mixing means responsive to the control signals and to the bit coded representations for combining the representations in accordance with the function defined by the control signals.

2. The invention as set forth in claim 1 above, wherein said bit coded representations comprise separate sequences of signal combinations corresponding to successive picture elements, and wherein said system includes at least one look-up table means, said look-up table means containing control signal representations for different signal combinations, and wherein a first of the sequential bit coded representations is applied to address said look-up table means to generate modified digital signal patterns including digital control signals concomitant therewith.

3. The invention as set forth in claim 2 above, wherein said signal combinations applied to said look-up table means define a range of grey scale values, and wherein said look-up table means includes means for generating pseudocolor digital signals along with said control signals.

4. The invention as set forth in claim 3 above, wherein said system further comprises a second look-up table means, wherein the second of the sequential bit coded representations define a range of monochromatic grey scale values and are coupled to address said second look-up table means, and wherein said second look-up table means includes means for generating pseudocolor digital signals responsive thereto.

5. The invention as set forth in claim 4 above, wherein said digital mixing means comprises arithmetic and logic means for digitally combining, in accordance with logical and arithmetic functions, corresponding bits of the separate pseudocolor digital signals applied thereto, and wherein the two pseudocolor digital signals have identical bit pattern groupings for different colors.

6. The invention as set forth in claim 5 above, wherein the signals to be combined represent signals derived from raster scanned image sources, and wherein in addition said apparatus comprises display means coupled to said digital mixing means and responsive to combined bit coded representations therefrom.

7. An apparatus for combining raster scan images from first and second video sources represented by image source signals comprising:

addressable memory means containing coded patterns representing predetermined relationships between intensities of different colors and control values at each addressable position;

means responsive to the signal variations in each source signal for addressing the memory means in correspondence to the value of the source signal, to provide output signals containing color data for both source signals and control data for at least one source signal; and

combining means responsive to the color data signals for each of the sources and responsive to the control data for logically combining said color data signals in accordance with predetermined logical functions corresponding to the control data.

8. The invention as set forth in claim 7 above, wherein said addressable memory means comprises a pair of memory arrays, each being addressed in response to a different image source signal and each providing digital output signals responsive to the particular addresses used.

9. The invention as set forth in claim 8 above, wherein said system includes means responsive to the different image source signals for generating pixel values in binary form, wherein said pixel value address the associated memory arrays, and wherein said system further logically combines corresponding pixels derived from the separate memory arrays in accordance with the predetermined function defined by the control data.

10. The invention as set forth in claim 9 above, wherein said means for combining includes means for adding, subtracting, averaging and blocking, in the alternative, the values of each pixel of a pair relative to the other.

11. The invention as set forth in claim 10 above, wherein each of the memory arrays includes a plurality of different color valued words, each at a different address and defining color and intensity values for the corresponding pixel, and wherein said system further includes means independent of the memory arrays for providing control data, and means responsive to the control data from the memory arrays and the independent means for selecting control data for combining the values of the pairs of pixels.

12. A system for providing a combined graphical display from raster scanned display signals that are of digital and analog origin comprising:

first means responsive to the display signals of digital origin for generating a first pixel sequence in conformity thereto;

second means responsive to the display signals of analog origin for generating a second pixel sequence in correspondence thereto;

first look-up table means including converted image values and control data at selected word addresses, said first look-up table means being responsive to one of the pixel sequences to generate as output a dependent sequence of control data and converted image data;

second table look-up means having at least a plurality of converted image values at different word addresses therein, said second table look-up means being responsive to the second of the pixel sequences for generating a dependent sequence of converted image data; and

means responsive to the two converted image data sequences and the control data for generating an output image sequence that represents both the image data sequence combined in accordance with predetermined functions established by the control data.

13. The invention as set forth in claim 12 above, wherein the output image sequence contains varying intensity levels of any one or more of three colors, and wherein the pixel sequences are dynamically combined on a pixel-by-pixel basis in real time, with control data being provided for each pixel pair.

14. The invention as set forth in claim 13 above, wherein the means responsive to the display signals of analog origin further include means for digitizing the display signal input to demarcate incrementally different levels within a variable range of levels.

15. The invention as set forth in claim 14 above, wherein said means for digitizing further includes means for establishing variable upper and lower range levels for the display signal, a plurality means for comparing the display signal to incrementally different thresholds within the range, and means responsive to the comparing means for providing digital signal patterns in response to the analog signal level.

16. The invention as set forth in claim 15 above, wherein at least one of said look-up table means includes means for selectively modifying the converted image data, and wherein said system further includes means external to the pixel sequences for generating control data, and multiplexer means for selectively controlling the means for generating an output signal source with either the control data from the table look-up means or the control data from the external means.

17. The invention as set forth in claim 13 above, wherein the display signals of digital and analog origin represent grey-scale values within a monochromatic range and wherein the first and second pixel sequences comprise digitally valued color data for each pixel, each having like bit groupings for three color values, and wherein the means for generating a combined output image sequence digitally combines the bit groupings of each color for each pixel pair in accordance with the function established by the control data for that pixel pair.