Energy management system

• US 4,153,936 A
• Filed: 09/26/1977
• Issued: 05/08/1979
• Est. Priority Date: 09/26/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Reliance Electric Company (ABB Limited)
• Original Assignee: Reliance Electric Company (ABB Limited)
• Inventors: Hadley, Chris L., Schmitz, William D., Turpin, Richard H., Dashiell, Robert A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wise, Edward J.
• Application Number:
  US05/836,563
• Time in Patent Office: 589 Days
• Field of Search: 364/492, 364/107, 364/493, 364/418, 364/121, 364/103, 307/35, 307/39, 307/41, 307/52, 307/62, 324/103
• US Class Current: 700/296
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/60 Limiting power consumption in the network or in one section of the network, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/14 by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Abstract

A self-contained flexible multi-purpose and multi-function energy control system capable of monitoring energy consuming loads, providing signals indicative of the state thereof and for selectively energizing and deenergizing such loads in response to a variety of preselected conditions and time frames. The system is also capable of cycling the loads and of varying the cycling pattern in accordance with preestablished conditions.

Claims

1. For a facility of the type having plural energy consuming loads, a self-contained energy management system for sensing and selectively controlling the energization of said loads comprising:

means coupled to each of a first plurality of said loads for producing control signals to selectively energize and deenergize each of said first plurality of loads;

means coupled to each of a second plurality of said loads for selectively sensing the state of energization of each of said second plurality of loads and for producing sensing signals indicative of the state of energization of each of said second plurality of loads;

means responsive to production of selected ones of said sensing signals representative of selected preset conditions for effecting operation of said control signal means to produce selected ones of said control signals as a function of the selected sensing signal produced, whereby the existence of each of said plurality of preset conditions results in energization and deenergization of certain ones of said first plurality of loads;

load cycling control means responsive to each of a plurality of preselected cycling control conditions for producing cycling control signals representative of each of said cycling control conditions;

load cycling means responsive to each of said cycling control signals for effecting repetitive operation of said control signal means to cyclically energize and deenergize selected ones of said first plurality of loads in cycling patterns determined in response to said load cycling control signal; and

means for modifying each of said cycling patterns in response to additional preselected conditions.

2. A system as claimed in claim 1 including:

means for measuring energy used in the facility and for producing energy demand signals having values representative thereof; and

means responsive to said energy demand signals for determining energy used in a selected time interval and for producing a total demand signal representative thereof,

said cycling pattern modifying means being responsive to said total demand signal exceeding a preselected value for effecting said modification of said cycling patterns.

3. A system as claimed in claim 2, wherein:

said load cycling means is operative to effect repetitive deenergization of each of said selected ones of said first plurality of loads for a selected portion of each of a plurality of preset time intervals; and

said cycling pattern modifying means effecting said modification of said cycling patterns by extending the duration of said time interval portion by an amount that is determined as a function of the value thereof.

4. A system as claimed in claim 3 wherein:

said selected ones of said first plurality of loads are divided into groups, each of said groups comprising at least one of said selected ones of said first plurality of loads;

said load cycling means effecting said cyclical energization and deenergization of the loads of each group substantially simultaneously and effecting said cyclical energization and deenergization of each of said groups of loads sequentially.

5. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein:

said sensing signal responsive means is further responsive to said produced sensing signal for producing cycle inhibit signals for certain ones of said first plurality of loads; and

said load cycling means includes means responsive to said cycle inhibit signals for precluding said load cycling means for cyclically deenergizing and energizing the loads corresponding to said inhibit signals.

6. A self-contained energy and facility management system for controlling the energization and deenergization of a plurality of external energy consuming loads comprising:

means producing a time based output having values representative of major time periods and time based segments thereof;

means responsive to a value of said time based output representative of a preselected time based segment for energizing selected ones of said loads in a predetermined sequence;

means responsive to said time based output for selecting different ones of a plurality of load cycling patterns as a function of different preselected values of said time based output, said load cycling patterns being operative to deenergize loads for a portion of each of a plurality of preset time intervals;

load cycling means responsive to said time based output for periodically and cyclically deenergizing and energizing selected ones of said loads in accordance with said selected one of said plurality of cycling patterns, whereby said loads are cycled differently in accordance with patterns that are changed as a function of time; and

means for selectively modifying each of said cycling patterns for each of said loads.

7. A system as claimed in claim 6 wherein:

said load energizing means is responsive to said time based output for energizing said selected ones of said loads in said predetermined sequence in response to selectably different values of said time based output representative of different time segments for each major time period.

8. A system as claimed in claim 7 including:

manually operable means for selecting said different values of said time based output for each of said major time periods.

9. A system as claimed in claim 6 wherein:

said cycling pattern selecting means selects said cycling patterns in response to the selectively different values of said time based output representative of each different major time period, whereby said cycling patterns may be selected differently for each major time period.

10. A system as claimed in claim 6 including:

means responsive to a second value of said time based output representative of another preselected time based segment for deenergizing selected ones of said loads in accordance with another predetermined sequence.

11. A self-contained energy and facility management and system for controlling the energization and deenergization of a plurality of external loads comprising:

means producing a time based output representative of a major time period and time based segments thereof;

load cycling means responsive to first selected values of said time based output for cycling selected ones of said loads on and off in accordance with one of a plurality of selected patterns, and responsive to a second value of said time based output for cycling said selected ones of said loads on and off in accordance with another one of said plurality of predetermined patterns;

energy usage indicating means for producing signals representative of the rate of energy usage;

means for storing said energy rate signals;

means responsive to said time based outputs for periodically sampling said storing means to obtain the value of the stored energy rate signals;

means for storing the values of a selected number of said sampled energy rate signals and providing an output indicative of the total value of such stored samples;

means for comparing said total value output with a selected maximum value; and

means for modifying the cycling pattern of said cycled loads in response to said total value output exceeding said selected maximum value, said cycle modifying means including means for extending the time period said loads are cycled off by a selected amount determined in part by the off period of said cycling pattern of said load.

12. A self-contained energy and facility management system for controlling the energization and deenergization of a plurality of external loads comprising:

means producing a time based output representative of a major time period and time based segments thereof;

load cycling means responsive to said time based output of said clock means representative of preselected ones of said time segments for cycling selected predetermined groups of loads on and off in accordance with one of a plurality of selectable patterns;

transducer means responsive to the state of energization of each of a selected plurality of said loads for providing a state indicative of the state of said load; and

means responsive to selected ones of said state signals for inhibiting cycling of selected individual ones of said loads within said load groups to preclude cycling of said individual loads.

13. A system as claimed in claim 12 including:

means responsive to said time based output being representative of a selected said time based segment for energizing selected individual ones of said loads in a predetermined sequence.

14. A system as claimed in claim 12 wherein:

load cycling means is responsive to said time based output being representative of one of said preselected ones of said time segments for cycling predetermined groups of loads on and off in accordance with one of said plurality of selectable patterns and responsive to said time based output being representative of selected additional ones of said time segments for cycling said predetermined groups of loads on and off in accordance with another one of said plurality of selectable patterns.

15. For a facility of the type having plural energy consuming loads, a self-contained energy management system for sensing and selectively controlling the energization of said loads comprising:

means coupled to each of a plurality of said loads for selectively sensing the state of energization of each of said plurality of loads and for producing sensing signals indicative of the state of energization of each of said second plurality of loads;

means for identifying selected ones of said sensing signals as indicative of an alarm condition;

means responsive to said alarm signals for displaying the identity of the load producing one of said alarm signals and for producing an alarm indicator signal;

manually actuatable means for acknowledging said displayed alarm load; and

means responsive to acknowledgement of said displayed alarm load for displaying the identity of another load producing an alarm signal.