EKG and ultrasonoscope display

• US 4,154,230 A
• Filed: 01/17/1977
• Issued: 05/15/1979
• Est. Priority Date: 01/17/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration
• Original Assignee: United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration
• Inventors: Lee, Robert D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Michell, Robert W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Jaworski, Francis J.
• Application Number:
  US05/759,965
• Time in Patent Office: 848 Days
• Field of Search: 128/2 V, 128/2.05 Z, 128/2.06 G, 73/606, 73/610, 340/324 AD
• US Class Current: 600/440
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/333 Recording apparatus specially adapted therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/352 Detecting R peaks, e.g. for synchronising diagnostic apparatus; Estimating R-R interval
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/08 Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings A61B8/02 - A61B8/06 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/0609 Display arrangements, e.g. colour displays indicating or recording in connection with measuring in general G01D
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/0645 Display representation or displayed parameters, e.g. A-, B- or C-Scan

Abstract

A system is disclosed which permits simultaneous display of an EKG waveform in real time in conjunction with a two-dimensional cross-sectional image of the heart, so that the EKG waveform can be directly compared with dimensional changes in the heart. The apparatus of the invention includes an ultrasonoscope for producing a C-scan cross-sectional image of the heart. An EKG monitor circuit along with EKG logic circuitry is combined with the ultrasonoscope circuitry to produce on the same oscilloscope screen a continuous vertical trace showing the EKG waveform simultaneously with the heart image. The logic circuitry controls the oscilloscope display such that the display of both heart and EKG waveforms occurs on a real time basis.

Claims

1. An improved biomedical diagnostic instrument including an ultrasonoscope system for simultaneously displaying a cross-sectional image of an internal organ and an EKG waveform on a single cathode ray tube, comprising:

a plurality of ultrasonic transducer means arranged in a row and adapted to be positioned on a patient'"'"'s body for transmitting ultrasonic impulses into and receiving reflected ultrasonic impulses from said internal organ,

control means coupled to said transducer means for sequentially energizing said transducer means,

receiver means coupled to said transducer means for receiving said reflected ultrasonic impulses,

cathode ray tube display means coupled to said receiver means for displaying said cross-sectional image of said internal organ,

Ekg monitor circuit means including electrodes adapted to be coupled to said patient for monitoring biological electrical signals thereof,

Ekg logic circuit means coupled to said EKG monitor circuit means, to said receiver means and to said cathode ray tube display means for enabling simultaneous real-time display of both said cross-sectional image of said internal organ and said EKG waveform on said cathode ray tube.

said EKG logic circuit means including first, second and third interconnected one-shot pulse generators for producing pulses of predetermined duration, and first and second analog gating means for respectively gating first and second analog signals therethrough, said third one-shot pulse generator being coupled to said first and second analog gating means for controlling the passage of said analog signals,

said second and third one-shot pulse generators being connected in parallel to the output of said first one-shot pulse generator for triggering by said first one-shot pulse generator,

said cathode ray tube means including a sweep generator and a staircase voltage generator,

said first analog gating means being coupled to said sweep generator for gating the output thereof,

said second analog gating means being coupled to said staircase voltage generator for gating the output thereof, and

summing amplifier means coupled to said first and second analog gating means for summing the gated outputs thereof.

2. An improved biomedical diagnostic instrument for the real time, synchronized, simultaneous display of a cross-sectional image of an internal organ and an EKG waveform on a cathode ray tube, comprising:

a plurality of ultrasonic transducer elements arranged in a row and adapted to be positioned on a patient'"'"'s body for transmitting ultrasonic impulses into and receiving echo signals from said internal organ;

means for sequentially energizing said transducer elements and transmitting ultrasonic impulses to said organ;

a single-gun cathode ray tube display means coupled to said transducer elements for displaying a cross-sectional image of said internal organ in a C-scan mode;

an EKG monitor circuit means for deriving an EKG signal from said patient and converting said signal to a train of coded pulses;

a logic circuit means coupled to said EKG monitor circuit means and said display means for enabling the simultaneous real time display of said cross-sectional image and said EKG waveform on said display means, the frame period of said EKG waveform being much longer than the frame period of said cross-sectional image whereby said EKG waveform and said cross-sectional image are in synchronization, that is, a viewer can discern what motion is taking place in the cross-sectional image for any particular point on the EKG waveform;

said logic circuit means including means for producing a vertical sweep voltage for said display means having a gated staircase waveform interleaved with a gated sawtooth waveform whereby the raster that forms the cross-sectional image moves vertically as a function of said gated staircase waveform and the raster that forms the EKG waveform moves vertically as a function of said sawtooth waveform.

3. An improved biomedical diagnostic instrument for the real time, synchronized, simultaneous display of a cross-sectional image of an internal organ and an EKG waveform on a cathode ray tube, comprising:

a plurality of ultrasonic transducer elements arranged in a row and adapted to be positioned on a patient'"'"'s body for transmitting ultrasonic impulses into and receiving echo signals from said internal organ;

means for sequentially energizing said transducer elements and transmitting ultrasonic impulses to said organ;

a single-gun cathode ray tube display means coupled to said transducer elements for displaying a cross-sectional image of said internal organ in a C-scan mode;

an EKG monitor circuit means for deriving an EKG signal from said patient and converting said signal to a train of coded pulses;

a logic circuit means coupled to said EKG monitor circuit means and said display means for enabling the simultaneous real time display of said cross-sectional image and said EKG waveform on said display means, the frame period of said EKG waveform being much longer than the frame period of said cross-sectional image whereby said EKG waveform and said cross-sectional image are in synchronization, that is, a viewer can discern what motion is taking place in the cross-sectional image for any particular point on the EKG waveform;

said logic circuit means including first and second analog gates, means for alternately generating first and second analog gate control signals, means for coupling said first and second analog gate control signals to said first and second analog gates, respectively, and a summing amplifier;

said cathode ray tube display means including a sawtooth voltage generator and a staircase voltage generator;

said first analog gate being coupled to said sawtooth voltage generator for gating the output thereof in accordance with said second analog gate control signal whereby a gated staircase waveform is produced; and

said gated sawtooth waveform and said gated staircase waveform being summed by said summing amplifier and the vertical sweep of the raster of the cathode ray tube display means being a function of the output of said summing amplifier.

4. An improved biomedical diagnostic instrument for the real time simultaneous display of a cross-sectional image of an internal organ in C mode and an EKG waveform on a cathode ray tube, comprising:

a plurality of ultrasonic transducer elements arranged in a row and adapted to be positioned on a patient'"'"'s body for transmitting ultrasonic impulses into and receiving echo signals from said internal organ;

means for sequentially energizing said transducer elements and transmitting ultrasonic impulses to said organ;

an EKG circuit means including body electrodes, an amplifier and two pulse generators deriving an EKG signal from said patient and converting said signal to a train of coded pulses;

a single-gun cathode ray tube;

means coupled to said cathode ray tube for generating a horizontal sweep voltage;

means for producing a CRT vertical sweep voltage having a gated staircase waveform interleaved with a gated sawtooth waveform, said sweep voltage means comprising means for repetitively generating a staircase voltage, means for repetitively generating a sawtooth voltage, and a logic circuit, said logic circuit alternately gating said staircase voltage and said sawtooth voltage and mixing said two gated voltages;

means for coupling said vertical sweep voltage means to said cathode ray tube;

means for coupling said received echo signals and said coded pulses to said cathode ray tube, the raster of said cathode ray tube being intensity modulated by said echo signals and said coded pulses whereby said cathode ray tube simultaneously displays said cross-sectional image and said EKG waveform.

5. An instrument as in claim 4 wherein said sawtooth voltage has a period much longer than the period of said staircase voltage to enable a cathode ray tube viewer to visually synchronize said EKG waveform with said cross-sectional image.

6. An instrument as set forth in claim 5 wherein the sawtooth voltage period is at least one second and 20 times as great as the staircase voltage period.

7. An instrument as recited in claim 4 wherein means is included for controlling the width of said coded pulses, and said pulse width controls the width of the EKG waveform raster.