Composition and method for inflation of passive restraint systems

• US 4,157,648 A
• Filed: 06/12/1975
• Issued: 06/12/1979
• Est. Priority Date: 11/17/1971
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company (Dow, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company (Dow, Inc.)
• Inventors: Lane, George A., Brennan, Richard L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Miller, Edward A.
• Application Number:
  US05/586,457
• Time in Patent Office: 1,461 Days
• Field of Search: 149/19.3, 149/35, 280/150 AB, 23/281, 60/205
• US Class Current: 60/205
• CPC Class Codes: C06B 35/00 Compositions containing a metal azide
• CPC Class Codes: C06D 5/06 by reaction of two or more solids

Abstract

Disclosed is a composition and method for the inflation of passive restraint systems, i.e., crash bags. The method, which uses the gases produced by the ignition of certain alkali metal azides in combination with certain metal halides for inflation of the bag, provides a non-toxic gas for inflation. Use of sufficient metal halide to provide halogen in an amount at least stoichiometric with the alkali metal prevents the formation of free alkali metal, the latter considered to be toxic and to present an unsuitable material in passive restraint systems.

Claims

1. A method of rapidly generating nitrogen which comprises:

igniting an intimate mixture of a metal azide of the formula AN₃ where A is lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, or cesium; and

a metal halide selected from the group consisting of SnCl₂, ZnBr₂, ZnCl₂, and TiCl₃ ;

said method being further defined in that the amount of metal halide employed is an amount sufficient to provide halogen in at least a stoichiometric ratio with the alkali metal so that the combustion products are substantially free of elemental alkali metal.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the mixture of metal azide and metal halide is ignited in close proximity to and in fluid communication with a flexible container, thereby filling the container with combustion gases on ignition of the mixture.

4. The method of claim 2 wherein A is sodium and the metal halide is SnCl₂.

5. The method of claim 2 wherein A is sodium and the metal halide is ZnCl₂.

6. The method of claim 2 wherein A is sodium and the metal halide is ZnBr₂.

7. The method of claim 2 wherein A is lithium and the metal halide is SnCl₂.

3. A composition which burns to produce gases which are rich in nitrogen and substantially free of elemental alkali products, said composition being substantially free of elemental metals, which comprises:

an intimate mixture of a metal azide of the formula AN₃ where A is lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, or cesium; and

a metal halide selected from the group consisting of SnCl₂, ZnBr₂, ZnCl₂, and TiCl₃ ;

said composition being further defined in that the metal halide is present in an amount sufficient to provide halogen in at least a stoichiometric ratio with the alkali metals so that combustion products produced upon burning are substantially free of elemental alkali metal.

8. The composition of claim 3 wherein A is sodium and the metal halide is SnCl₂.

9. The composition of claim 3 wherein A is sodium and the metal halide is ZnCl₂.

10. The composition of claim 3 wherein A is sodium and the metal halide is ZnBr₂.

11. The composition of claim 3 wherein A is lithium and the metal halide is SnCl₂.