High sensitivity gas leak detection system

• US 4,164,138 A
• Filed: 10/27/1977
• Issued: 08/14/1979
• Est. Priority Date: 10/27/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Smith & Denison
• Original Assignee: Smith & Denison
• Inventors: Burkhart, William H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Myracle, Jerry W.
• Application Number:
  US05/845,954
• Time in Patent Office: 656 Days
• Field of Search: 73/40.7, 73/40, 73/23, 73/40.5 R
• US Class Current: 73/23.2
• CPC Class Codes: G01M 3/16 using electric detection means G01M3/045, G01M3/06, G01M3/12, G01M3/20, G01M3/24, G01M3/26 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01M 3/22 for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators

Abstract

A gas leak detection system is provided which includes a large number of small diameter flexible tubes which are mounted in alignment and which extend down close to the surface of the earth or the street where the gas leak is to be detected. The total internal volume of the system is kept to a minimum by using very small diameter tubes and minimizing the volume included in the system. Preferably the total volume in the system is less than 100 cubic centimeters. This provides for a response time of three seconds or less with the small portable ionization type gas detectors which are commercially available. Manifold arrangements are provided which give equal length trasmission paths from all of the sampling tubes. A counterweighted boom is employed to sense leaks beyond the curb adjacent the street where the vehicle is travelling. The manifold may be made of an elongated member of plastic, aluminum, or the like, with the gas passages being in the form of grooves in the surface of the elongated member, which are subsequently transformed into gas passageways by the addition of a cover sheet. The depending flexible tubes may be made of Teflon, and preferably have their ends cut off at an acute angle so that water droplets will not block the central gas passageway.

Claims

1. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system comprising:

means including at least twelve pendant flexible tubes having their open ends substantially aligned for continuously sampling air close to the surface of the earth;

a pump for drawing air from said tubes for analysis;

manifold means for connecting said tubes to said suction pump;

the total internal capacity of said system to the analysis point, including said pump, manifold means and tubes being less than 100 cubic centimeters; and

each said flexible tube having an inside diameter less than 1/4 inch, and having the opening at its end of substantial vertical extent to avoid gas blockage by water droplets.

2. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system comprising:

means including at least twelve pendant tubes having their open ends substantially aligned for continuously sampling air close to the surface of the earth;

means including a pump for drawing air from said tubes for analysis;

manifold means for connecting said tubes to said pump with substantially equal path lengths from the end of each tube; and

wherein the total internal capacity of said system to the analysis point including said pump, manifold means, and tubes is less than 125 cubic centimeters.

3. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system as defined in claim 2 further comprising:

means for mounting said pendant tubes spaced apart from each other substantially equally and at intervals of less than six inches.

4. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system as defined in claim 2 further comprising:

a low capacity organic vapor analyzer connected to receive substantially all of the gas picked up by all of said tubes.

5. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system as defined in claim 2 wherein said tubes are less than 1/4 inch in inside diameter.

6. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system as defined in claim 2 wherein at least 16 tubes are provided.

7. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system as defined in claim 2 wherein said tubes are supported from said manifold, said manifold being substantially equal in length to the length of an automotive bumper, and further comprising:

means for securing said manifold to the front of an automotive vehicle.

8. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system as defined in claim 2 wherein said pump is a low volume capacity diaphragm type suction pump.

9. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system as defined in claim 2 wherein two pumps are provided, one being located at the output from the manifold and a second being located near the analysis point.

10. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system as defined in claim 2 wherein at least 20 tubes are provided, and further comprising:

means for supporting said tubes in substantial alignment within four inches of the ground.

11. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system as defined in claim 2 wherein said manifold includes an elongated member, a plurality of recesses in one side of said member in which said tubes are secured, a series of channels in one side of said member for directing gas samples from said tubes to a common point, and a face plate secured to the channeled side of said elongated member for closing the open side of each said member for directing gas samples from said tubes to a common point, and a face plate secured to the channeled side of said elongated member for closing the open side of each said channel to form gas passageways.

12. A portable high sensitivity gas leak detection system as defined in claim 2 wherein the inside diameter of each tube is less than 1/8 inch.

13. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system as defined in claim 2, wherein said tubes are made of fluoroplastic.

14. A portable high sensitivity gas leak detection system as defined in claim 2 wherein two pumps are provided for drawing air from said tubes for analysis, one of said pumps being located adjacent said manifold means, and the other said pump being associated with gas analysis equipment.

15. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system comprising:

means including a plurality of pendant tubes having their open ends substantially aligned for continuously sampling air close to the surface of the earth, the depending ends of said tubes being provided with an opening at their ends which is angled with respect to the vertical, whereby water droplets will not block gas entry;

means including a pump for drawing air from said tubes for analysis; and

manifold means for connecting said tubes to said pump.

16. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system comprising:

means including a plurality of pendant tubes having their open ends substantially aligned for continously sampling air close to the surface of the earth, said pendant tubes including a first set of tubes and a second set of tubes;

means for supporting said first set of tubes to extend across the front of an automotive vehicle;

boom means supported from said vehicle for carrying said second set of tubes to extend laterally from said vehicle in general alignment with said first set of tubes;

means for shifting the position of said boom so that it does not extend significantly beyond the side of said vehicle, whereby the analyzing system may check for leaks over an extended path with the boom extended, but may avoid damage to the boom from obstructions such as hydrants, parked cars or the like by retracting the boom;

means including a pump for drawing air from said tubes for analysis; and

manifold means for connecting said tubes to said pump.

17. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system as defined in claim 16 further comprising:

a counterweight secured to the inner end of said boom; and

pivot means for mounting said boom to rotate substantially about its center of mass.

18. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system as defined in claim 17 further comprising:

means for receiving gas samples from said movable boom including a gas conduit connected to said boom near said pivot means.

19. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system as defined in claim 16 wherein the total weight of said system is less than thirty-five pounds.

20. A system as defined in claim 16 wherein said boom is made of very thin, strong, flexible lightweight plastic material, whereby little or no damage is caused if the boom inadvertently strikes a stationary object.

21. A portable, high sensitivity gas leak detection system comprising:

means including a plurality of pendant tubes having their open ends substantially aligned for continuously sampling air close to the surface of the earth;

said manifold means being in binary manifold configuration including means for attaching at least 16 pendant flexible tubes, means for connecting pairs of said tubes to a common conduit, and for connecting pairs of said common conduits together to provide identical path links from said tubes through said manifold.