Correlation techniques

• US 4,164,728 A
• Filed: 12/09/1977
• Issued: 08/14/1979
• Est. Priority Date: 12/11/1976
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: EMI Ltd (Universal Music Group NV)
• Original Assignee: EMI Ltd (Universal Music Group NV)
• Inventors: Marsh, Robin G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Boudreau, Leo H.
• Application Number:
  US05/859,238
• Time in Patent Office: 613 Days
• Field of Search: 340/146.3 Q, 340/146.3 Y, 340/146.3 S, 340/5, 340/146.2, 364/728, 364/819, 364/820, 343/5 MM
• US Class Current: 382/193
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/2226 comparing the observed data with stored target data, e.g. target configuration data
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/2253 Passive homing systems, i.e. comprising a receiver and do not requiring an active illumination of the target
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/2293 using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/343 comparing observed and stored data of target position or of distinctive marks along the path towards the target
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 3/7865 using correlation of the live video image with a stored image
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 17/153 Multidimensional correlation or convolution
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 10/758 Involving statistics of pixels or of feature values, e.g. histogram matching

Abstract

In a correlation system, such as may be used in an autolock follow arrangement, the correlation is effected on the basis of line integrals of data relating to pictures of substantially the same scene obtained at different times. The formation of line integrals allows a straightforward, linear processing technique to be used for the correlation.

Claims

1. A correlation arrangement comprising storage means containing storage locations for storing data relating to first and second two-dimensional representations of substantially the same scene, selector means for selecting data from groups of said storage locations, each group containing data relating to a respective substantially linear region of one or other of said representations, means for individually combining the data selected from each group to produce respective combination signals, means for comparing pairs of combination signals relating to corresponding regions of the first and second representations to form respective comparison signals indicative of the degree of similarity between each compared pair of combination signals, means for operating on the comparison signals to produce a correlation signal indicative of the extent to which said first and second representations resemble each other, means for effectively shifting the position of one of the representations relative to the other and for producing a respective correlation signal for each relative position adopted by said one representation in relation to the other, and means for selecting the correlation signal which indicates the closest resemblance of said first and second representations to one another.

2. An arrangement according to claim 1 including means for generating a control signal in dependence upon the relative dispositions of said representations corresponding to the selected one of said correlation signals.

3. An arrangement according to claim 2 including means for inhibiting the production of said control signal in the event that said selected correlation signal does not satisfy a criterion indicative of a predetermined degree of resemblance between said representations.

4. An arrangement according to claim 1 further including means, effective with the representations in the relative position giving rise to the selected correlation signal, to effectively rotate one of said representations through a plurality of selected angles relative to one another and to produce a respective angular correlation signal for each of said selected angles, and means for selecting the angular correlation signal indicative of closest resemblance of the representations to one another.

5. A correlation arrangement comprising means for deriving line integrals of data relating to a first two-dimensional representation of a scene, means for deriving corresponding line integrals of data relating to a second two-dimensional representation of substantially the same scene, means for comparing corresponding ones of said line integrals to ascertain a correlation between said representations, respective storage means for storing data relating to said first and second two-dimensional representations of said scene, selector means for selecting data from corresponding groups of storage locations in the storage means for each of said representations, means for individually combining the data selected from each of said storage means to produce respective combination signals, means for comparing the combination signals to produce a comparison signal indicative of the degree of similarity between the combination signals, means for producing respective comparison signals for data selected from a plurality of other groups of said storage locations and means for summing all of said comparison signals to produce a correlation signal indicative of the extent to which said first and second representations resemble each other;

the arrangement further including means for effectively shifting the position of one of the representations relative to the other and the arrangement being such as to produce a respective correlation signal for each relative position adopted by said one representation in relation to the other.

6. An arrangement according to claim 5 including means for selecting that one of said correlation signals which is indicative of the closest resemblance of said first and second representations to one another.

7. An arrangement according to claim 6 including means for generating a control signal in dependence upon the relative dispositions of said representations corresponding to the selected one of said correlation signals.

8. An arrangement according to claim 7 including means for inhibiting the production of said control signal in the event that said selected correlation signal does not satisfy a criterion indicative of a predetermined degree of resemblance between said representations.