Electrochromic display device

• US 4,167,309 A
• Filed: 02/13/1978
• Issued: 09/11/1979
• Est. Priority Date: 04/19/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Martin, David H., Lowe, Anthony C., Barclay, Donald J., Bird, Colin L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Davie, James W.
• Application Number:
  US05/877,219
• Time in Patent Office: 575 Days
• Field of Search: 350/357
• US Class Current: 359/272
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/1503 caused by oxidation-reduction reactions in organic liquid solutions, e.g. viologen solutions
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/155 Electrodes

Abstract

An electrochromic display device adapted to be accurately erased has an opaque counter electrode in the shape of a pattern of lines, preferably reticulate, on the underside of the face of the display device through which the display is viewed. The counter electrode is brought to a predetermined potential either by trapping a suitable material capable of a reversible redox reaction at the counter electrode or by initially charging the counter electrode with heptyl vilogen cation radical. This enables voltage erase to be used.

Claims

1. An electrochromic display device comprising:

a hollow panel enclosing an electrolyte and having a first transparent face and a second face,

a counter electrode located on the inner surface of the said transparent face, said counter electrode containing material that undergoes a reversible redox reaction in said electrolyte at a known potential, said counter electrode being opaque and having the shape of a pattern of lines, and

a plurality of display electrodes on the inner surface of said second face.

2. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pattern of lines is reticulate.

3. A device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pattern of lines is a rectangular grid.

4. A device as claimed in claim 2, wherein each mesh of the reticulate pattern overlies a plurality of display electrodes.

5. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pattern of lines is in grid-iron form.

6. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lines of the pattern are not straight.

7. An electrochromic display device comprising:

a hollow panel enclosing an electrolyte containing heptyl viologen dications and having a first transparent face and a second face,

a counter electrode located on the inner surface of the said transparent face, said counter electrode containing a material that undergoes a reversible redox reaction in said electrolyte at a known potential, said counter electrode being opaque and conductive and having the shape of a pattern of lines, and

a plurality of display electrodes on the inner surface of said second face.

8. A device as claimed in claim 7, wherein said material is trapped within the pores of an nodized Al₂ O₃ layer of said counter electrode.

9. A device as claimed in claim 7, wherein said material is a redox couple.

10. A device as claimed in claim 7, wherein said material is the redox couple Fe^III /Fe^II.

11. A device as claimed in claim 7, wherein said counter electrode has a layer of chargeable polymeric charge transfer material coated thereon.

12. A device as claimed in claim 11, wherein said layer of charge transfer material is poly-2-vinylpyridine.

13. A device as claimed in claim 11, wherein said electrolyte includes heptyl viologen dibromide, and said layer of charge transfer material contains bromine.