Image rotation apparatus

• US 4,168,488 A
• Filed: 08/30/1978
• Issued: 09/18/1979
• Est. Priority Date: 12/09/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Evans, Peter J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Boudreau, Leo H.
• Application Number:
  US05/931,659
• Time in Patent Office: 384 Days
• Field of Search: 340/146.3 H, 340/146.3 MA, 340/146.3 R, 340/146.3 AH, 364/515, 364/521, 364/518
• US Class Current: 382/297
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 3/606 by memory addressing or mapping
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/393 Arrangements for updating the contents of the bit-mapped memory

Abstract

This specification describes image rotation hardware for allowing the displaying of an image stored in digital form in other than its originally stored orientation. In this hardware a word-organized image buffer stores a digital representation of a full image with each picture element (pel) of the full image being represented by a bit within the buffer. The buffer is divided into a plurality of square sections each storing a portion or subimage of the full image. Each section is n×n bits in size where n is the number of bits in a word stored in the buffer. The contents of each square section of the buffer can be transferred into an n×n storage array with first word organization, and then transferred back into the buffer with second word organization such that the subimage stored by the square section is rotated through 90°.

Claims

1. Image rotation apparatus comprising a word-organized image buffer means for storing a digital representation of an image with each pel of the image being represented by a bit within the buffer, said buffer being a square divided into four quadrants each quadrant containing a plurality of square sections each square section representing a sub-image and having a size of n×

n bits where n is the number of bits in a word,

a pair of n×

n storage arrays,

means for writing the contents of each square section in one quadrant of said buffer means into one of said storage arrays with a first word organization means for writing the contents of the corresponding square section of the adjacent quadrant into the other of said storage arrays to create a vacant square section in said adjacent quadrant, and

means for writing the contents of said first storage array back into said buffer means in said corresponding square section with a second word organization such that the sub-image represented by said bit pattern is rotated through 90°

.

2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, including means for shifting the contents of one storage array of said pair into the other storage array of said pair as the contents of the latter are written back into said buffer means.

3. Image rotation apparatus comprising a word-organized image buffer means for storing a digital representation of an image with each pel of the image being represented by a bit within the buffer, said buffer being divided into a plurality of square section each representing a sub-image and having a size of n×

n bits where n is the number of bits in a word, said square section each being divided into a quadrant each quadrant containing a plurality of square subsections,

a pair of storage arrays, each equal in size to a square subsection,

means for writing the contents of each square subsection of said buffer means into one of said storage arrays with a first word organization means for writing the contents of the corresponding square subsection of the adjacent quadrant in the same square section into the other of said storage arrays to thereby create a vacant subsection in said adjacent quadrant,

means for writing the contents of said storage array back into said buffer means in said vacant subsection of said adjacent quadrant with a second word organization such that the sub-image represented by said bit pattern is rotated through 90°

, and

means for reorienting the addresses of said buffer means after said reoriented bits have been stored therein.

4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 3 in which each storage array is a monolithic memory, said apparatus further comprising a serializer for receiving bits in parallel from said monolithic memory, and a deserializer for receiving bits serially from said monolithic memory and for transmitting said serially received bits in parallel to said buffer.

5. Apparatus as claimed in claim 4 which the or each storage array is a shift register matrix.

6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5, further comprising a cathode ray tube display, said image buffer being arranged to refresh said display.

7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6, further comprising means selectable to read words from said buffer in reverse order and means selectable to reverse the order of bits in each word read from said buffer during refresh, whereby the displayed image is oriented at 180°

from the image stored in the image buffer.