Amplitude selected phase interferometer angle measuring radar

• US 4,170,774 A
• Filed: 01/24/1972
• Issued: 10/09/1979
• Est. Priority Date: 01/24/1972
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Westinghouse Norden Systems Inc (Northrop Grumman Corporation)
• Original Assignee: United Technologies Corporation (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Schaefer, Carl F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hubler, Malcolm F.
• Application Number:
  US05/219,775
• Time in Patent Office: 2,815 Days
• Field of Search: 343/16 M, 343/113 R
• US Class Current: 342/94
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/4454 phase comparisons monopulse, i.e. comparing the echo signals received by an interferometric antenna arrangement
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 3/22 derived from different combinations of signals from separate antennas, e.g. comparing sum with difference
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 3/32 derived from different combinations of signals from separate antennas, e.g. comparing sum with difference
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 3/46 using antennas spaced apart and measuring phase or time difference between signals therefrom, i.e. path-difference systems

Abstract

A phase interferometer elevation angle measurement radar has its antennas tilted slightly relative to each other so as to detect differences in amplitude from ground return signals; the phase difference in signals (normally utilized as an indication of depression angle below boresight in an interferometer radar) is checked for a positive rate of change; it is then compared against amplitude differences and is accepted as valid for use in generating an elevation angle only if within prescribed limits thereof. This resolves ambiguity in phase which results from a wide spread of antennas with respect to the wavelength of the radar.

Claims

1. In a phase interferometer radar elevation angle measuring system, the combination comprising:

receiver means, including a pair of antennas, relatively displaced and tilted in a plane within which elevation angles to radar targets are to be determined, for presenting a pair of time varying signals representing target return signals received by the respective antennas;

phase means responsive to said receiver means for generating a phase function signal as a function of the phase difference between said pair of signals;

amplitude function means responsive to said receiver means for generating an amplitude function signal as a function of the difference of the amplitudes of said pair of signals; and

gate means responsive to said phase function signals generated by said phase means and to said amplitude function signals generated by said amplitude means for comparing said phase function signals with said amplitude function signals and for presenting signals representing elevation angles to targets in response to related ones of said phase function signals being within prescribed limits of corresponding ones of said amplitude function signals.

2. The combination according to claim 1 wherein said phase means additionally comprises:

phase function selection means for sensing phase function signals having a positive rate of change and for passing to said gate means only phase function signals which have a positive rate of change.

3. The combination according to claim 2 wherein said phase function selection means comprises:

means responsive to said phase function signal for sensing the largest magnitude of said phase function signals of a sense relating to elevation angles below boresight, and for passing ones of said phase function signals of a lesser magnitude of said sense, or of an opposite sense.

4. The combination according to claim 1 wherein said amplitude function means comprises:

means providing said amplitude function signal as a function of the ratio of the difference in the amplitudes to the sum of the amplitudes of said pair of signals.

5. In a phase interferometer radar elevation angle measuring system, the combination comprising:

receiver means, including a pair of antennas, relatively displaced and tilted in a plane within which elevation angle to radar targets is to be determined, for presenting a pair of time varying signals representing target return signals received by the respective antennas;

phase means including phase detection means responsive to said receiver means for generating phase signals representing phase differences between said pair of signals;

amplitude means responsive to said receiver means for generating an amplitude signal as a function of the differences of the amplitudes of said pair of signals;

elevation means for generating signals representing elevation angles to targets in response to related phase signals received thereat; and

gate means responsive to phase signals generated by said phase means and to amplitude signals generated by said amplitude means for comparing said phase signals with said amplitude signals and for passing said phase signals to said elevation means in response to said phase and amplitude signals being within prescribed limits of one another.

6. The combination according to claim 5 wherein said phase means additionally comprises:

phase selection means responsive to said phase detection means for sensing phase signals representing phase differences having a positive rate of change and for passing said positive rate of change phase signals to said gate means.

7. The combination according to claim 6 wherein said phase selection means comprises:

means responsive to said phase detection means for sensing the largest phase difference of a sense representing elevation angles below boresight, and for passing ones of said phase signals of a lesser magnitude of said sense, or of an opposite means.

8. The combination according to claim 5 wherein said amplitude means comprises:

means providing said amplitude signal as a ratio of the difference in the amplitudes to the sum of the amplitudes of said pair of signals.