Membrane oxygen enricher apparatus

• US 4,174,955 A
• Filed: 02/27/1978
• Issued: 11/20/1979
• Est. Priority Date: 02/27/1978
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Oxygen Enrichment Co. Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Oxygen Enrichment Co. Ltd.
• Inventors: Hedman, Jonathan W., Blackmer, Richard H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Spitzer, Robert H.
• Application Number:
  US05/881,425
• Time in Patent Office: 631 Days
• Field of Search: 55/16, 55/158, 55/269, 261/100, 261/106, 422/5
• US Class Current: 96/7
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/10 Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/101 using an oxygen concentrator
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/1055 bacterial
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/107 in the inspiratory path
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/22 by diffusion manufacturing semi-permeable membranes B01D67/00; form, structure or properties of semi-permeable membranes B01D69/00; material for semi-permeable membranes B01D71/00

Abstract

The oxygen enricher apparatus provides a circuitous path for the flow of air to effect a reduction in noise while also using the oxygen-depleted air flow to cool the vacuum pump which draws the oxygen-enriched air flow through the membrane cells. The oxygen-enriched air flow is also passed through a condensor in heat exchange relation with the incoming air flow. Water which is separated from the oxygen-enriched air flow is wicked to an evaporator pad in the warm exhaust flow of the oxygen-depleted air flow.

Claims

1. In an apparatus for providing air enriched with oxygen, said apparatus having an array of selectively permeable membrane cells, said cells being adapted to permit oxygen to permeate to an interior cavity thereof at a greater rate than nitrogen to form a flow of oxygen-enriched air in said interior cavity;

means for developing a flow of atmospheric air across said array;

conduit means through which air enriched with oxygen is drawn off from said interior cavity of said cells;

a partial vacuum maintaining means interconnected with said conduit means to draw the oxygen-enriched air through said conduit means;

the improvement comprising;

a membrane stack box enclosing said array and having an inlet port for flow of atmospheric air and an outlet port in a non-planar orthogonal displaced relationship to said inlet port for a flow of nitrogen enriched air whereby virtually the entire flow of air is directed through said membrane stack box in a manner to achieve noise suppression;

a cabinet core comprising a housing structure for said partial vacuum maintaining means, said housing structure having an inlet slot communicating with said outlet port of said membrane stack box to receive the flow of nitrogen-enriched air and an outlet slot in non-planar orthogonal displaced relationship to said inlet slot to exhaust the flow of nitrogen enriched air; and

a cabinet forming together with said membrane stack box and said cabinet core an atmospheric air inlet duct in communication with said membrane stack box inlet port and an air exhaust duct in communication with said housing structure outlet slot.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said atmospheric air inlet duct has an opening at one end thereof in displaced relationship to said membrane stack box atmospheric air inlet port, and which further comprises an air filter disposed in said opening.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said air exhaust duct comprises an air exhaust opening in orthogonal displaced relationship to said housing structure outlet slot, whereby atmospheric air is adapted to flow into said apparatus through said air filter, and pass in sequence through said atmospheric air inlet duct, said membrane stack box atmospheric air inlet port, said array of selectively permeable membrane cells, and be divided by said array into a first and second portion, said first portion being reduced in oxygen content and flowing in sequence through said membrane stack box outlet port, said housing structure inlet slot, said housing structure outlet slot, said air exhaust duct and said air exhaust opening said second portion being enriched with oxygen and carried by said conduit means through said partial vacuum maintaining means to said discharge opening.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said conduit means comprises a condenser coil and a water separator.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said condenser coil and water separator are contained within said atmospheric air inlet duct.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said air exhaust duct has an air exhaust opening in orthogonal displaced relationship to said housing structure outlet slot.

7. An oxygen-enrichment apparatus comprising

an array of membrane cells, each said cell having an interior chamber therein and being selectively permeable to permit oxygen to permeate into said chamber at a greater rate than nitrogen;

a fan for drawing of air past said cells;

a vacuum pump connected to said cells in communication with each said chamber to draw a flow of oxygen-enriched air from each said cell;

a condenser connected to said vacuum pump to receive a flow of oxygen-enriched air from said pump, said condenser being disposed upstream of and in a flow of air to said array of membrane cells;

a water trap connected to a downstream end of said condenser relative to the flow of oxygen-enriched air therein;

capillary means for removing water from said water trap said capillary means including a tube extending from said water trap, a wick extending through said tube from said water trap, and an evaporator pad at an opposite end of said tube from said water trap to receive water from said wick; and

a connector communicating with an upper end of said water trap to exhaust the flow of oxygen-enriched air therethrough.

8. An apparatus as set forth in claim 7 wherein said pump and said evaporator pad are each disposed in a flow of nitrogen-enriched air passing from said array of membrane cells, said pad being disposed downstream of said pump.

9. An apparatus as set forth in claim 8 which further includes means for directing the flow of air to said array of membrane cells in a first U-shaped path and means for directing the flow of nitrogen-enriched air in a second U-shaped path with said pump and said pad in said second U-shaped path.

10. An apparatus for providing air enriched with oxygen comprising

a cabinet core comprising a housing structure having an air inlet slot and an air outlet slot in non-planar orthogonal displaced relation to said air inlet slot, said housing structure having a depth less than the depth of said cabinet core to define an exhaust duct at a surface of said cabinet core, said cabinet core further providing an exhaust opening communicating with said exhaust duct;

air circulating means for directing air through said housing structure from said inlet slot to said outlet slot;

a cabinet core cover having said cabinet core and said air circulating means housed therein;

a membrane stack box enclosing an array of selectively permeable membrane cells, said cells being adapted to permit oxygen to permeate to an interior cavity thereof at a greater rate than nitrogen to form a flow of oxygen-enriched air in said interior cavity, said membrane stack box being disposed within said cabinet cover to one side of said housing structure and having a depth less then said depth of said cabinet core to form an air inlet duct, said stack box having an inlet port and an outlet port in non-planar orthogonal displaced relation to the inlet port, said outlet port communicating with said inlet slot of said housing structure to deliver a flow of air thereto whereby virtually the entire flow of air is directed through said membrane stack box in a manner to achieve noise suppression;

a partial vacuum maintaining means disposed in said housing structure and in communication with each said cavity of a respective cell to withdraw a flow of oxygen-enriched air therefrom;

conduit means interconnecting said partial vacuum maintaining means with said membrane cells for drawing off the flow of oxygen enriched air to said vacuum maintaining means; and

means connected to said partial vacuum maintaining means for delivering the flow of oxygen enriched air to a discharge line.

11. An apparatus as set forth in claim 10 wherein said conduit means comprises a coiled condenser located in said air inlet duct for condensing water from the flow of oxygen enriched air from said partial vacuum maintaining means, and a water separator fitted to a lower end of said condenser for separating the condensed water from the oxygen enriched air flow, and a tubular trap fitted to said separator to receive water therefrom;

said apparatus further comprising a wick tube assembly extending from said trap to convey water from said trap;

an evaporator pad for receiving water from said wick tube assembly, said pad being located in said exhaust duct for a flow of air thereover; and

a line extending from said water separator to said discharge line to deliver the oxygen enriched air thereto.

12. An apparatus for providing air enriched with oxygen comprising

a cover;

a front panel having an inlet for passage of an air flow therethrough;

a membrane stack box within said cover, said box enclosing an array of selectively permeable membrane cells, each cell being adapted to permit oxygen to permeate to an interior cavity thereof at a greater rate than nitrogen, said membrane stack box having an inlet port to recieve and to direct the air flow passing through said inlet in said front panel over said cells and an outlet port in non-planar orthogonal displaced relation to said inlet port for exhausting a flow of nitrogen-enriched air;

a housing structure disposed within said cover to define an exhaust duct, said housing structure having an inlet slot for receiving the flow of nitrogen-enriched air from said outlet port of said membrane stack box and an outlet slot in non-planar orthogonal displaced relation to said inlet slot for exhausting the flow of nitrogen-enriched air into said exhaust duct;

air circulating means within said cover for directing the air through said housing structure from said inlet slot to said outlet slot;

a partial vacuum maintaining means disposed in said housing structure and in communication with each said cavity of a respective cell to withdraw a flow of oxygen-enriched air therefrom; and

means connected to said partial vacuum maintaining means for delivering the flow of oxygen-enriched air from said means to a discharge line whereby said orthogonal relations of said inlet port of said membrane stack box and said inlet slot and said outlet slot of said housing structure serve to attenuate the sound of said partial vacuum maintaining means and said air circulating means reaching said inlet and said exhaust duct.