Adaptive noise cancelling receiver

• US 4,177,430 A
• Filed: 03/06/1978
• Issued: 12/04/1979
• Est. Priority Date: 03/06/1978
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Rockwell International Corporation
• Original Assignee: Rockwell International Corporation
• Inventors: Paul, James E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Griffin, Robert L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ng, Jin F.
• Application Number:
  US05/884,093
• Time in Patent Office: 638 Days
• Field of Search: 325/42, 325/62, 325/323, 325/324, 325/472-477, 325/479, 325/480, 179/1 P, 333/18, 333/70 T, 333/28 R, 333/28 T, 328/163, 328/167, 328/165, 364/724, 364/728
• US Class Current: 455/306
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/123 using adaptive balancing or compensation means adaptive filter circuits and algorithms H03H

Abstract

A receiving system is described which has the capability of substantially cancelling broadband noise, such as impulse noise, atmospheric noise, electrical line noise and receiver front end noise, from a selected radio frequency passband. In a first embodiment, a desired radio frequency passband is selected and converted to a broadband intermediate frequency (IF) signal, which is applied in parallel to the inputs of first and second frequency channels. When broadband noise is present in the broadband IF signal, the first frequency channel develops a desired audio signal in the presence of an undesired first broadband noise signal, while the second frequency channel develops an undesired second broadband noise signal which is correlated with the first broadband noise signal. An adaptive transversal filter is responsive to the second broadband noise signal and to an output signal for adaptively developing an estimate of the first broadband noise. The estimate of the first broadband noise signal is subtracted from the combination of the desired audio signal and the first broadband noise signal in order to cancel out the first and second broadband noise signals and substantially develop only the desired audio signal as the output signal. When no broadband noise is present in the broadband IF signal, the adaptive filter automatically shuts itself off and the first frequency channel only develops the desired audio signal. Thus, regardless of whether or not broadband noise is present, the output signal is substantially comprised of only the desired audio signal.

Claims

1. An adaptive noise cancelling receiver comprising:

means responsive to received radio frequency signals for selectively developing a desired broadband frequency signal containing a desired signal;

a first frequency channel responsive to the broadband frequency signal for generating a first audio signal in a first band of frequencies containing the desired signal in the presence of a first broadband noise;

a second frequency channel responsive to the broadband frequency signal for generating a second audio signal in a second band of frequencies containing a second broadband noise which is correlated with the first broadband noise;

an adaptive filter responsive to the second broadband noise and to an output audio signal for adaptively developing an estimate of the first broadband noise; and

means for combining the estimate of the first broadband noise with the first audio signal to substantially cancel out the first and second broadband noises and develop the output audio signal, said output audio signal substantially containing only the desired signal.

2. The receiver of claim 1 wherein:

said first mentioned means for developing comprises means for selectively producing the desired broadband frequency signal, said desired broadband frequency signal being a broadband radio frequency signal which contains the desired signal.

3. The receiver of claim 2 wherein:

said first frequency channel includes a first bandpass filter for passing a first band of frequencies in a first part of the frequency spectrum of the broadband radio frequency signal, and a first demodulator for demodulating the first band of frequencies to develop the first audio signal; and

said second frequency channel includes a second bandpass filter for passing a second band of frequencies in a second part of the frequency spectrum of the broadband radio frequency signal, and a second demodulator for demodulating the second band of frequencies to develop the second audio signal.

4. The receiver of claim 3 wherein:

said adaptive filter is an adaptive transversal filter having adjustable coefficients, said adaptive transversal filter changing each of its coefficients as a function of the output radio signal in order to adaptively develop a least mean square estimate of the first broadband noise.

5. The receiver of claim 1 wherein said developing means comprises:

means responsive to the received radio frequency signals for selecting a desired radio frequency passband containing a desired radio frequency signal; and

means for converting the desired radio frequency passband to the desired broadband frequency signal, said desired broadband signal being a broadband intermediate frequency signal which contains the desired signal.

6. The receiver of claim 5 wherein:

said first frequency channel includes a first bandpass filter for passing a first band of frequencies in a first part of the broadband intermediate frequency signal which contains the desired signal, and a first demodulator for demodulating the first band of frequencies to develop the first audio signal; and

said second frequency channel includes a second bandpass filter for passing a second band of frequencies in a second part of the frequency spectrum of the broadband intermediate frequency signal, and a second demodulator for demodulating the second band of frequencies to develop the second audio signal.

7. The receiver of claim 6 wherein:

said adaptive filter is an adaptive transversal filter having adjustable coefficients, said adaptive transversal filter changing each of its coefficients as a function of the output audio signal in order to adaptively develop a least mean square estimate of the first broadband noise.

8. An adaptive noise cancelling receiver comprising:

band select means for selecting a desired radio frequency passband containing a desired radio frequency signal;

means for converting the desired radio frequency passband to a broadband intermediate frequency signal;

a primary frequency channel responsive to the broadband intermediate frequency signal for developing a first audio signal containing a desired audio signal in a first frequency band and a first broadband audio noise signal;

a reference frequency channel responsive to the broadband intermediate frequency signal for developing a second audio signal in a second frequency band containing a second broadband noise signal which is correlated with the first broadband noise signal;

filter means responsive to the second broadband noise signal and to an output audio signal for developing an estimate of the first broadband noise signal; and

means for combining the estimate of the first broadband noise signal with the first audio signal to develop the output audio signal, said output audio signal containing the desired signal and substantially no broadband noise signals.

9. The receiver of claim 8 wherein:

said primary frequency channel includes a first filter having a first passband and a first audio demodulator responsive to the first passband for developing the first audio signal; and

said adjacent reference frequency channel includes a second filter having a second passband and a second audio demodulator responsive to the second passband for developing the second audio signal.

10. In a receiver having an antenna, a preselector, a converter and an intermediate frequency amplifier for producing a broadband intermediate frequency signal containing a desired signal and undesired broadband noise, the combination comprising:

a first frequency channel, having a first passband, being responsive to the broadband intermediate frequency signal for developing a first audio signal containing a desired signal and a first broadband noise signal;

a second frequency channel, having a second passband, being responsive to the broadband intermediate frequency signal for developing a second audio signal containing a second broadband noise signal which is correlated with the first broadband noise signal;

means responsive to the second broadband noise signal and to an output audio signal for developing a least mean square estimate of the first broadband noise signal; and

a combiner responsive to the first audio signal and the estimate of the first broadband noise signal for developing the output audio signal, said output audio signal containing the desired signal and substantially no broadband noise signals.

11. The combination according to claim 10 wherein:

said first frequency channel includes a first filter for passing a first band of frequencies in a first part of the frequency spectrum of the broadband intermediate frequency signal, and first means for demodulating the first band of frequencies to develop the first audio signal; and

said second frequency channel includes a second filter for passing a second band of frequencies in a second part of the frequency spectrum of the broadband intermediate frequency signal, and second means for demodulating the second band of frequencies to develop the second audio signal.

12. A receiver for cancelling broadband noise, said receiver comprising:

band select means for selecting a broadband radio frequency signal containing a desired signal;

a first frequency channel having a first passband and being responsive to the broadband radio frequency signal for developing a first audio signal containing the desired signal and a first broadband noise signal;

a second frequency channel having a second passband displaced from said first passband and being responsive to the broadband radio frequency signal for developing a second audio signal containing a second broadband noise signal which is correlated with the first broadband noise signal;

means responsive to the second broadband noise signal and to an output audio signal for developing an estimate of the first broadband noise signal; and

means for combining the estimate of the first broadband noise signal with the first audio signal to develop the output audio signal, said output audio signal containing the desired signal and substantially no broadband noise signal.

13. The receiver of claim 12 wherein:

said first frequency channel includes a first bandpass filter serially coupled to a first demodulator; and

said second frequency channel includes a second bandpass filter serially coupled to a second demodulator.

14. An adaptive noise cancelling receiver comprising:

means responsive to received radio frequency signals for selecting a radio frequency passband containing a desired radio frequency signal and any undesired broadband noise that may be present;

first and second bandpass filters for respectively passing first and second bands of frequencies in adjacent portions of the frequency spectrum of the desired radio frequency passband;

first and second demodulators for respectively demodulating the first and second bands of frequencies to develop first and second audio signals respectively, said first audio signal containing a desired audio signal and any undesired broadband first noise signal present in the first band of frequencies, said second audio signal containing any undesired broadband second noise signal present in the second band of frequencies, said first and second noise signals being correlated with each other and being derived from portions of any undesired broadband noise that may be present in the frequency spectrum of the desired radio frequency passband;

an adaptive transversal filter having adjustable coefficients, said adaptive transversal filter being responsive to the second noise signal and to an output audio signal for changing each of its coefficients as a function of the output audio signal in order to adaptively develop a least mean square estimate of the first noise signal; and

means for combining the estimate of the first noise signal with the first audio signal to substantially concel out the first and second noise signals and develop the output audio signal, said output audio signal substantially containing only the desired audio signal.

15. An adaptive noise cancelling receiver comprising:

means responsive to received radio frequency signals for selecting a desired radio frequency passband containing a desired signal;

means for converting the desired radio frequency passband to a broadband intermediate frequency signal which includes the desired signal and any broadband noise that may be present;

first and second bandpass filters for respectively passing first and second bands of frequencies in different portions of the frequency spectrum of the broadband intermediate frequency signal;

first and second demodulators for respectively demodulating the first and second bands of frequencies to develop first and second audio signals respectively, said first audio signal containing the desired signal and any undesired broadband first noise signal present in the first band of frequencies, said second audio signal containing any undesired broadband second noise signal present in the second band of frequencies, said first and second noise signals being correlated with each other and being derived from portions of any undesired broadband noise that may be present in the frequency spectrum of the broadband intermediate frequency signal;

an adaptive transversal filter having adjustable coefficients, said adaptive transversal filter being responsive to the second noise signal and to an output audio signal for changing each of its coefficients as a function of the output audio signal in order to adaptively develop a least mean square estimate of the first noise signal; and

means for combining the estimate of the first noise signal with the first audio signal to develop the output audio signal by substantially cancelling out any first and second noise signals that may be present, said output audio signal substantially containing only the desired signal.

16. A machine method for cancelling broadband noise in a received radio frequency signal comprising the steps of:

changing a first portion of the received radio frequency signal into a first audio signal containing a desired signal and a first broadband noise signal;

changing a second portion of the received radio frequency signal into a second audio signal containing a second broadband noise signal correlated with the first broadband noise signal;

adaptively filtering the second broadband noise signal in response to an audio output signal to develop an estimate of the first broadband noise signal; and

combining the estimate of the first broadband noise signal with the first audio signal to substantially develop only the audio output signal by cancelling out the first and second noise signals.