Galvanic cell for the electrochemical production or storage of electrical energy

• US 4,178,418 A
• Filed: 05/03/1978
• Issued: 12/11/1979
• Est. Priority Date: 05/04/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Thomson - Csf
• Original Assignee: Thomson - Csf
• Inventors: Croset, Michel, Velasco, Gonzalo
• Primary Examiner(s): Walton, Donald L.
• Application Number:
  US05/902,760
• Time in Patent Office: 587 Days
• Field of Search: 429/27, 429/30, 429/33, 429/101, 429/193
• US Class Current: 429/421
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0562 Solid materials
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

A means for producing electricity from an electrochemical reaction as well as for storing and recovering electrical energy, which utilize electrochemical reactions. The basic galvanic cell comprises a first solid non-porous body capable of storing large quantities of an ionizable species (this is the case with a metal hydride and hydrogen) the ionized species (H⁺ ions) migrating through a thin-film solid electrolyte (alumina) towards a second body (oxygen or atmospheric air) where the electrochemical reaction takes place (and the water produced is easily eliminated). The internal resistance of the cell is low because the electrolyte is in thin-film form. The technology of thin-film deposition is possible because the first body is a non-porous solid.

Claims

1. A galvanic cell of the kind in which an electrochemical reaction employing at least one ionisable species is used to produce electrical energy from chemical energy or to transform electrical energy into chemical energy, comprising:

(a) a first solid non-porous body belonging to the group of metals and metal hydrides capable of storing an ionisable species having a high coefficient of diffusion within said body;

(b) a first electrode constituted by a grid of catalytic material positioned on one side of the first non-porous body;

(c) a polycrystalline ceramic deposited on the first body through and over said grid according to the technology of thin-film deposition, constituting a layer so thin as to exhibit a low ohmic resistance to the current of the ion produced by said ionisable species and a relatively high ohmic resistance to the electronic current; and

(d) a second electrode constituted by a grid of catalytic material disposed on top of the polycrystalline ceramic for promoting the reduction of ionizable species.

2. A galvanic cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first body is a metal hydride and said ionisable species is hydrogen.

3. A galvanic cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein said polycrystalline ceramic is alumina.

4. A galvanic cell as claimed in claim 2, wherein said cell is placed in oxygen or atmospheric air.