System for electrocatalytic treatment of waste water streams

• US 4,179,347 A
• Filed: 02/28/1978
• Issued: 12/18/1979
• Est. Priority Date: 02/28/1978
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Excel Technologies International Corporation
• Original Assignee: Omnipure, Inc.
• Inventors: Krause, William A., Shea, Evan P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hart, Charles N.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Therkorn, Ernest G.
• Application Number:
  US05/882,264
• Time in Patent Office: 658 Days
• Field of Search: 210/19, 210/44, 210/73 S, 210/62, 210/63 R, 210/64, 210/96 R, 210/195 R, 210/199, 210/202, 210/203, 210/243, 210/259, 210/294, 210/221 M, 210/221 P, 210/322 , 210/388, 210/13, 204/149, 204/152, 204/275
• US Class Current: 205/743
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/001 Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance C02F1/44 takes precedence; construction of filters in general B01D24/00 - B01D41/00
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/465 by electroflotation
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/4674 with halogen or compound of halogens, e.g. chlorine, bromine
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2001/007 Processes including a sedimentation step
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2209/05 Conductivity or salinity
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2301/063 Underpressure, vacuum
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2303/02 Odour removal or prevention of malodour
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2303/04 Disinfection
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2303/12 Prevention of foaming

Abstract

A continuous system for disinfecting waste water streams, such as sewage and streams containing organic matter and removing suspended solids therefrom is disclosed. A waste water stream is passed into an electrolytic cell open to the atmosphere and between a series of electrically charged parallel electrode plates. A controlled amount of electrolyte such as sodium chloride is added to the waste water stream before it passes through the electrolytic cell. During passage between the electrode plates a foam is generated which entrains suspended selected nutrient solids contained in the waste water stream, the foam removed by skimming and/or suction means. The treated water discharged from the electrolytic cell is filtered to remove additional non-nutrient suspended solids not entrained with the foam. A portion of the treated water from the electrolytic cell is recycled and reinjected into the influent stream. Control means are included to control residual chlorine in the effluent discharged from the electrolytic cell while maintaining high dissolved oxygen in the effluent.

Claims

1. A process for the electrocatalytic treatment of waste water stream containing suspended solids and pathogenic organisms comprising:

adding a measured quantity of an electrolyte which, on being subjected an electrolyzing current, generates chlorine in situ, to an influent waste water stream,

passing the waste water stream through and between a plurality of closely spaced, planar, electrocatalytically active electrode plates having exposed surfaces including a precious metal or precious metal oxide positioned in an electrolytic treatment vessel parallel to the flow of the waste water stream through the treatment vessel,

maintaining the liquid level of the waste water stream in the electrolytic treatment vessel substantially constant relative to the plurality of electrode plates,

delivering an electrolyzing quantity of electric current to the electrode plates to generate chlorine, oxygen and other disinfecting chemicals in situ and concurrently generate a multitude of gaseous bubbles which entrain and float nutrient-containing suspended solids in the waste water stream as a foam on the surface of the stream in the electrolytic treatment vessel,

withdrawing the foam containing the entrained suspended solids from the surface of the stream in the electrolytic treatment vessel,

discharging the treated waste water stream from the electrolytic treatment vessel into a filter for removal of fibrous residual suspended solids contained in the stream, and

measuring the conductivity of the waste water stream entering the electrolytic treatment vessel and continuously controlling the amount of electrolyte added to the incoming waste water stream to maintain the conductivity of the stream being treated substantially constant, thereby controlling the amount of residual chlorine present in the treated waste water stream discharged from the electrolytic treatment vessel.

2. The process of claim 1 including aerating the waste water mixture prior to discharge of the stream into the electrolytic treatment vessel.

3. The process of claim 1 wherein the conductivity of the stream is maintained by controlling the amount of electrolyte added to the incoming stream and simultaneously controlling the amount of effluent recycled for injection into the incoming stream.

4. A system for the electrocatalytic treatment of waste water streams to yield a discharge effluent which is essentially free of suspended solids and pathogenic organisms comprising:

an electrolytic treatment vessel having an infeed end and a discharge end,

a plurality of closely spaced, planar, electrocatalytically active electrode plates having exposed surfaces including a precious metal or precious metal oxide positioned in the electrolytic treatment vessel intermediate the infeed and discharge ends thereof and parallel to the flow of the waste water stream through the electrolytic treatment vessel,

means to maintain the level of the waste water stream in the electrolytic treatment vessels substantially constant relative to the electrode plates,

means to insure even flow of the waste water stream between and through the electrode plates positioned in the electrolytic treatment vessel,

means for metering a measured quantity of an electrolyte into the waste water stream prior to entry of the stream into the electrolytic treatment vessel,

means responsive to the measured conductivity for continuously adjusting the amount of electrolyte metered into the influent waste water stream to maintain the conductivity of the stream being treated substantially constant,

power means delivering the charge of direct current to each of the end electrode plates, the electrical current charging the spaced electrode plates with an electrolyzing current for generation of chlorine, oxygen and other chemicals in situ and concurrent generation of a multitude of gaseous bubbles which entrain and float suspended nutrient solids in the waste water stream to the surface of the waste water stream in the electrolytic treatment vessel as a foam,

mechanical filter means positioned at the discharge end of the electrolytic treatment vessel accepting the discharge stream from the electrolytic treatment vessel for removal of residual non-nutrient suspended solids from the stream, and

skimming and suction means for withdrawing the foam containing the entrained suspended solids from the surface of the waste water stream.

5. The system of claim 4 including aeration means at the feed end of the electrolytic treatment vessel for pre-aerating the incoming waste water stream.

6. The system of claim 4 including means for recycling a portion of the effluent discharged from the electrolytic treatment vessel to the influent waste water stream to aid in maintaining the conductivity of the stream constant and minimizing the amount of electrolyte added to the influent waste water stream.

7. The system of claim 4 wherein the mechanical filter means is a vibrating or rotating filter screen.

8. The system of claim 4 wherein the means for insuring even flow of the waste water stream through the electrolytic treatment vessel includes a fixed baffle plate at the infeed end of the electrolytic treatment vessel positioned above the liquid level of the treatment vessel directing the incoming flow of waste water downwardly, a baffle plate at the lower end of the fixed plate positioned at an angle with respect to the fixed plate for redirecting a portion of the downwardly directed incoming flow laterally and parallel to the electrode plates, a fixed baffle plate near the discharge end of the electrolytic treatment vessel whose upper surface is above the liquid level in the electrolytic treatment vessel, and a wier at the discharge end of the electrolytic treatment vessel for maintaining the liquid level in the treatment vessel substantially constant.