Enthalpy comparator

• US 4,182,180 A
• Filed: 05/26/1977
• Issued: 01/08/1980
• Est. Priority Date: 05/26/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Honeywell Incorporated (Honeywell International Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Honeywell Incorporated (Honeywell International Inc.)
• Inventors: Mott, Richard C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Goldstein, Herbert
• Application Number:
  US05/800,762
• Time in Patent Office: 957 Days
• Field of Search: 73/336, 137/82, 165/16, 235/200 R, 235/200 WB, 235/201 ME, 236/44 C, 236/105
• US Class Current: 374/109
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/00 Control or safety arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/30 for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/62 characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/10 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/20 Humidity
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 1/16 giving a value which is a function of two or more values, e.g. product or ratio
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 5/42 using fluid means
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 17/00 Measuring quantity of heat measuring temperature by calorimetry G01K3/00 - G01K11/00; specially adapted for measuring thermal properties of materials, e.g. specific heat, heat of combustion G01N

Abstract

An enthalpy comparator for comparing the enthalpies of two bodies of air is disclosed having a first temperature sensor and a first humidity sensor for sensing the temperature and humidity respectively of the first body of air, a second temperature sensor and a second humidity sensor for sensing the temperature and humidity respectively of the second body of air, and a diaphragm module unit having a first diaphragm defined chamber connected to the first temperature sensor, a second diaphragm defined chamber connected to the second temperature sensor, a third diaphragm defined chamber connected to the first humidity sensor, and a fourth diaphragm defined chamber connected to the second humidity sensor, and an output sensing mechanism associated with the four chambers for providing an output dependent upon the enthalpies of the first and second bodies of air, and, in particular, the difference between the enthalpies of the first and second bodies of air. The areas of the diaphragms which define the first, second, third and fourth chambers are selected to yield a close approximation of the enthalpies of the two bodies of air.

Claims

1. A fluidic enthalpy comparator for comparing the enthalpies of first and second bodies of air comprising:

first and second temperature sensors for providing first and second respective pressures dependent upon the temperatures of respective first and second bodies of air;

first and second humidity sensors for providing respective third and fourth pressures dependent upon the humidities of said respective first and second bodies of air;

a diaphragm module unit having a first diaphragm defined chamber connected to said first temperature sensor for receiving said first pressure, a second diaphragm defined chamber connected to said second temperature sensor for receiving said second pressure, a third diaphragm defined chamber connected to said first humidity sensor for receiving said third pressure, and a fourth diaphragm defined chamber connected to said second humidity sensor for receiving said fourth pressure, and output means responsive to said pressures within said first, second, third and fourth diaphragm defined chambers for providing a proportional output signal dependent upon the enthalpies of said first and second bodies of air.

2. The comparator of claim 1 wherein said diaphragm module unit comprises a housing and diaphragm means defining said first, second, third and fourth chambers.

3. The comparator of claim 2 wherein said diaphragm means comprises diaphragms for defining said first, second, third and fourth chambers, said diaphragms having predetermined areas for substantially approximating the difference between said enthalpies.

4. The comparator of claim 3 wherein said diaphragms have areas to satisfy the equation:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">h.sub.1 -h.sub.2 =0.172(RH.sub.1 -RH.sub.2)+0.551(T.sub.1 -T.sub.2)

where h₁ is the enthalpy of the first body of air, h₂ is the enthalpy of the second body of air, RH₁ is the humidity of the first body of air, RH₂ is the humidity of the second body of air, T₁ is the temperature of the first body of air and T₂ is the temperature of the second body of air.

5. The comparator of claim 4 wherein said diaphragm module unit further comprises means for allowing said comparator to operate according to the following formula when it is in its second quadrant of operation:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">RH.sub.1 -RH.sub.2 =-2.22(T.sub.1 -T.sub.2).

6. The comparator of claim 3 wherein said diaphragms comprise a first diaphragm separating said first and third chambers, a second diaphragm for sealing said third chamber, a third diaphragm for sealing said fourth chamber and a fourth diaphragm for separating said second and fourth chambers.

7. The comparator of claim 6 wherein said output means comprises forces transmitting means mechanically connected to said first, second, third and fourth diaphragms, nozzle means operating in conjunction with said force transmitting means, said nozzle means being connected through a restriction to a source of supply pressure, and an output line connected to the junction of said nozzle means and said restriction for providing said output pressure.

8. The comparator of claim 7 wherein said first, second, third and fourth diaphragms have area sizes to satisfy the equation:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">h.sub.1 -h.sub.2 =0.172(RH.sub.1 -RH.sub.2)+0.551(T.sub.1 -T.sub.2)

where h₁ is the enthalpy of the first body of air, h₂ is the enthalpy of the second body of air, RH₁ is the humidity of the first body of air, RH₂ is the humidity of the second body of air, T₁ is the temperature of the first body of air and T₂ is the temperature of the second body of air.

9. The comparator of claim 3 wherein said diaphragms comprise a first diaphragm for separating said first chamber and a fifth chamber vented to atmosphere, a second diaphragm separating said fifth chamber and said fourth chamber, a third diaphragm for sealing said fourth chamber, a fourth diaphragm for sealing said third chamber, a fifth diaphragm separating said third chamber from a sixth chamber vented to atmosphere and a sixth diaphragm for separating said sixth chamber from said second chamber.

10. The comparator of claim 9 wherein said output means comprises force transmitting means mechanically connected to said first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth diaphragms, nozzle means operating in conjunction with said force transmitting means, said nozzle means being connected through a restriction to a source of supply pressure, and an output line connected to the junction of said nozzle means and said restriction for providing said output pressure.

11. The comparator of claim 10 wherein said first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth diaphragms have area sizes to satisfy the following equation:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">h.sub.1 -h.sub.2 =0.172(RH.sub.1 -RH.sub.2)+0.551(T.sub.1 -T.sub.2)

where h₁ is the enthalpy of the first body of air, h₂ is the enthalpy of the second body of air, RH₁ is the humidity of the first body of air, RH₂ is the humidity of the second body of air, T₁ is the temperature of the first body of air and T₂ is the temperature of the second body of air.

12. The comparator of claim 3 wherein said housing comprises an elongated housing and wherein said first, second, third and fourth chambers are formed by recesses in a first surface of said housing, said first chamber having a first diaphragm for covering said first chamber, said second chamber having a second diaphragm for covering said second chamber, said third chamber having a third diaphragm for covering said third chamber, and said fourth chamber having a fourth diaphragm for covering said fourth chamber, a force transmitter pivotally attached to said housing, said first, second, third, and fourth diaphragms being mechanically connected to said force transmitter means.

13. The comparator of claim 12 wherein said first, second, third and fourth chambers are axially aligned and wherein said third chamber is situated between said first chamber and said fourth chamber and said fourth chamber is situated between said third chamber and said second chamber and wherein said force transmitter is pivotally connected to said housing between said third and fourth chambers.

14. The comparator of claim 13 wherein said output means comprises nozzle means operating in conjunction with said force transmitter, said nozzle means being connected through a restriction to a source of supply pressure, and an output line connected to the junction of said nozzle means and said restriction for supplying said output pressure.

15. The comparator of claim 14 wherein said first, second, third and fourth diaphragms have an effective area and a lever distance defined by a distance between the pivot point and the point at which the diaphragm is mechanically connected to said force transmitter of magnitudes to satisfy the following equation:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">h.sub.1 -h.sub.2 =0.172(RH.sub.1 -RH.sub.2)+0.551(T.sub.1 -T.sub.2)

where h₁ is the enthalpy of the first body of air, h₂ is the enthalpy of the second body of air, RH₁ is the humidity of the first body of air, RH₂ is the humidity of the second body of air, T₁ is the temperature of the first body of air and T₂ is the temperature of the second body of air.

16. The comparator of claim 3 wherein said output means comprises a force transmitter mechanically connected to said diaphragms for responding to the pressures in said chambers, nozzle means operating in conjunction with said force transmitting means, said nozzle means being connected through a restriction with a source of supply pressure, and an output line connected to the junction of said nozzle means and said restriction for supplying said output pressure.

17. The comparator of claim 16 wherein said diaphragms have areas to satisfy the equation:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">h.sub.1 -h.sub.2 =0.172(RH.sub.1 -RH.sub.2)+0.551(T.sub.1 -T.sub.2)

where h₁ is the enthalpy of the first body of air, h₂ is the enthalpy of the second body of air, RH₁ is the humidity of the first body of air, RH₂ is the humidity of the second body of air, T₁ is the temperature of the first body of air and T₂ is the temperature of the second body of air.

18. The comparator of claim 1 wherein said output means comprises force transmitter means operationally associated with said first, second, third and fourth chambers, nozzle means for operating in conjunction with force transmitting means, said nozzle means being connected through a restriction to a source of supply pressure, and an output line connected to the junction of said nozzle means and said restriction for providing said output pressure.

19. The comparator of claim 1 further comprising an additional diaphragm module unit having a first diaphragm defined chamber connected to a third temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of said first body of air and a second diaphragm defined chamber connected to a fourth temperature sensor for sensing said temperature of said second body of air and output means associated with said first and second chambers of said additional diaphragm module unit and connected to said output means of said diaphragm module unit for providing an override function.

20. A fluidic enthalpy comparator for comparing the enthalpies of first and second bodies of air comprising:

first and second temperature sensors for providing first and second respective pressures dependent upon the temperature of said first and second bodies of air respectively;

first and second humidity sensors for providing respective third and fourth pressures dependent upon the humidities of said first and second bodies of air respectively;

a diaphragm module unit consisting of a housing, said housing having a first chamber connected to said first temperature sensor for receiving said first pressure, a second chamber connected to said second temperature sensor for receiving said second pressure, a third chamber connected to said first humidity sensor for receiving said third pressure, and a fourth chamber connected to said second humidity sensor for receiving said fourth pressure, diaphragms for defining said first, second, third and fourth chambers, said diaphragms having areas to satsify the formula h₁ -h₂ =0.172(RH₁ -RH₂)+0.551(T₁ -T₂) where h₁ is the enthalpy of the first body of air, h₂ is the enthalpy of the second body of air, RH₁ is the humidity of the first body of air, RH₂ is the humidity of the second body of air, T₁ is the temperature of the first body of air and T₂ is the temperature of the second body of air, a force transmitter operatively associated with said diaphragms, a nozzle for operating in conjunction with said force transmitter to respond to said pressures within said first, second, third and fourth chambers, said nozzle providing an output signal dependent upon the difference between the enthalpies of said first and second bodies of air.