Combustion system for internal combustion engines

• US 4,182,278 A
• Filed: 08/29/1977
• Issued: 01/08/1980
• Est. Priority Date: 08/29/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Charles A. Coakwell
• Original Assignee: Charles A. Coakwell
• Inventors: Coakwell, Charles A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lazarus, Ira S.
• Application Number:
  US05/828,307
• Time in Patent Office: 862 Days
• Field of Search: 123/1 A, 123/3, 123/DIG. 12, 123/25 C, 123/25 E, 123/198 A
• US Class Current: 123/1.00A
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 2275/14 Direct injection into combustion chamber
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 43/10 Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/30 Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 123/12 Hydrogen

Abstract

A unique process is disclosed for modifying an automobile engine to improve fuel economy and reduce harmful exhaust emissions by introducing water and an oxidizing agent, such as hydrogen peroxide, when the engine is under load. The carburetor of a standard engine is adjusted to provide a very lean air-fuel mixture and to increase the air-fuel ratio substantially (e.g., 10 to 20 percent). The amount of hydrogen peroxide injected into the engine depends on the rate of fuel flow and may be regulated by the throttle valve or intake manifold pressure. Means are provided for maintaining a supply of hydrogen peroxide including a high pressure mixing tank containing water and hydrogen peroxide and a pair of removable oxygen tanks for a continuous supply of oxygen to the tank.

Claims

1. A process of operating a four-stroke high-compression reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine having a series of cylinders, means for supplying ambient air from outside the engine to said cylinders, means for supplying fuel to said engine to maintain the air-fuel ratio within a predetermined range, intake and exhaust valves for controlling the flow of gases to and from each cylinder, and means for igniting the air-fuel mixture in the main combustion chamber for each cylinder, said engine having a compression ratio of at least 9:

1 and being designed for normal operation with low-lead gasoline with the air-fuel ratio below 17 to 1, said process being characterized by the steps of

(a) modifying the flow of air and gasoline to the engine to increase the air-fuel ratio in the main combustion chamber of each cylinder at least 10 percent to at least 18 to 1 and high enough to create ignition problems when the engine is under high load,

(b) introducing into each cylinder while the engine is under high load a solution of hydrogen peroxide to cause it to mix with the air-fuel mixture in the main combustion chamber, and

(c) regulating the flow of hydrogen peroxide to the engine cylinders in accordance with intake manifold pressure and engine load, the weight rate of flow of said hydrogen peroxide being at least 5 percent of that of the fuel and sufficient to promote effective combustion in the main combustion chamber of each cylinder during high-load operation.

2. The process of claim 1 wherein said solution contains at least 20 percent by weight of hydrogen peroxide and the rate of feed of said solution to each cylinder by volume is at least 10 percent of that of said fuel when the engine is under heavy load.

3. The process of claim 1 wherein each cylinder has a small auxiliary combustion chamber containing ignition means and a combustible mixture is supplied to said combustion chamber having an air-fuel ratio at least 20 percent less than that of the air-fuel mixture supplied to the main chamber.

4. The process of claim 1 wherein hydrogen peroxide and additional fuel are introduced into each cylinder to provide additional power for acceleration under extreme load conditions.

5. The process of claim 1 wherein a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and water is stored under high pressure in a mixing tank and is supplied from said tank to the engine at a reduced pressure, and high purity oxygen is supplied to said mixing tank from at least one oxygen tank.

6. The process of claim 5 wherein water and oxygen are supplied to said mixing tank at a high pressure for reaction in said tank to maintain a supply of hydrogen peroxide.

7. A process of operating a four-stroke high-compression reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine having a series of cylinders, means for supplying ambient air from outside the engine to said cylinders, means for supplying fuel to said engine to maintain an air-fuel ratio within a predetermined range, intake and exhaust valves for controlling the flow of gases to and from each cylinder, and torch means for igniting the air-fuel mixture in the main combustion chamber for each cylinder including a small auxiliary combustion chamber, a combustible mixture being supplied to the auxiliary chamber of each cylinder having an air-fuel ratio at least 20 percent less than that of the air-fuel mixture supplied to the main combustion chamber, said process being characterized by the steps of

(a) modifying the flow of air and fuel to the engine to increase the air-fuel ratio in the main combustion chamber of each cylinder at least 10 percent to at least 20:

1, whereby the engine tends to malfunction under high load,

(b) introducing into each cylinder while the engine is under high load a solution of hydrogen peroxide and water to cause it to mix with the lean air-fuel mixture in the main combustion chamber, and

(c) regulating the flow of the hydrogen peroxide solution to the engine cylinders in accordance with engine load, the weight rate of flow of said hydrogen peroxide solution being at least 10 percent of that of the fuel.

8. The process of claim 7 wherein an additional fuel, such as alcohol, is mixed with the water and hydrogen peroxide to provide additional power under high load conditions.

9. The process of claim 7 wherein an auxiliary oxidizing fluid is introduced into the auxiliary combustion chamber to facilitate operation of the engine under adverse conditions.

10. The process of claim 7 wherein a carburetor is provided for supplying the air-fuel mixture to the main combustion chamber of each cylinder and hydrogen peroxide is supplied to the air-fuel mixture flowing from the carburetor to the cylinders.

11. The process of claim 10 wherein a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and fuel is supplied to the carburetor.

12. The process of claim 10 wherein a separate carburetor is provided for supplying a rich mixture to the auxiliary combustion chamber of each cylinder and oxygen is supplied to the auxiliary combustion chamber from an oxygen tank.