Electrochemical cell operation and system

• US 4,192,906 A
• Filed: 07/10/1978
• Issued: 03/11/1980
• Est. Priority Date: 07/10/1978
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Energy Research Corporation
• Original Assignee: Energy Research Corporation
• Inventors: Maru, Hansraj C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Walton, Donald L.
• Application Number:
  US05/923,368
• Time in Patent Office: 610 Days
• Field of Search: 429/13, 429/24, 429/26
• US Class Current: 429/433
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2008/147 Fuel cells with molten carbonates
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0051 Carbonates
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04014 Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04097 with recycling of the reactants H01M8/04119, H01M8/04104 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/241 with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/244 with matrix-supported molten electrolyte
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/2457 with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/2484 characterised by external manifolds
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells

Abstract

Thermal control in fuel cell operation is affected through sensible heat of process gas by providing common input manifolding of the cell gas flow passage in communication with the cell electrolyte and an additional gas flow passage which is isolated from the cell electrolyte and in thermal communication with a heat-generating surface of the cell. Flow level in the cell gas flow passage is selected based on desired output electrical energy and flow level in the additional gas flow passage is selected in accordance with desired cell operating temperature.

Claims

1. A method for operating an electrochemical cell to produce electrical energy from an electrochemical reaction wherein a gas is supplied from a gas supply to a flow passage in said cell in communication with the cell electrolyte, including the steps of:

(a) setting a gas flow level through said cell for gas conducted through such electrolyte-communicative passage in accordance with predetermined electrical energy to be produced by said cell;

(b) establishing a further flow passage for gas from said supply through said cell isolated from said electrolyte and in thermal communication with a heat-generating surface of said cell; and

(c) setting a gas flow level through said cell for gas conducted through such electrolyte-isolated passage to obtain a predetermined operating temperature range for said cell.

2. The method claimed in claim 1 wherein gas conducted through said electrolyte-communicative passage and through said electrolyte-isolated passage is commonly admixed after conductance thereof through said cell.

3. The method claimed in claim 2 including the further step of employing at least part of such common admixture of gas for further supplying of gas to said electrolyte-communicative passage and said electrolyte-isolated passage.

4. The method claimed in claim 3 including the further step of subjecting said common admixture of gas to thermal change prior to such further supplying thereof.

5. The method claimed in claim 4 wherein such thermal change step involves reduction of temperature of said common admixture of gas.

6. The method claimed in claim 1 including the further step of employing at least part of such gas conducted through said electrolyte-isolated passage for further supplying of gas to said electrolyte-communicative passage and said electrolyte-isolated passage.

7. The method claimed in claim 6 including the further step of subjecting such gas part to thermal change prior to such further supplying thereof.

8. The method claimed in claim 7 wherein such thermal change step involves reduction of temperature of said gas part.

9. An electrochemical cell system operative to produce output electrical energy by electrochemical reaction with a process gas, said system comprising:

(a) an electrochemical cell having an electrolyte and at least one electrode;

(b) first passage means in said cell for conducting gaseous medium to said electrode for reaction with said electrolyte;

(c) second passage means in said cell for conducting gaseous medium through said cell both in isolation from said electrolyte and in thermal communication with a heat-generating surface of said cell; and

(d) input manifold means in communication with both said first and second passage means for supplying said process gas thereto.

10. The system claimed in claim 9 further including output manifold means in communication with both said first and second passage means for admixing gas conducted therethrough.

11. The system claimed in claim 10 including conduit means for providing communication between said output manifold means and said input manifold means.

12. The system claimed in claim 11 further including means for affecting thermal change in gas conducted through said output manifold means.

13. The system claimed in claim 9 further including output conduit means in communication with said second passage means for receiving gas conducted therethrough.

14. The system claimed in claim 13 including further conduit means for providing communication between said output conduit means and said input manifold means.

15. The system claimed in claim 14 further including means for affecting thermal change in gas conducted through said output conduit means.

16. The system claimed in claim 12 wherein such thermal change affecting means comprises heat removal means.

17. The system claimed in claim 15 wherein such thermal change affecting means comprises heat removal means.