Apparatus for assisting in the transposition of foreign language text

• US 4,193,119 A
• Filed: 03/25/1977
• Issued: 03/11/1980
• Est. Priority Date: 03/25/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Inventors: Lahr, Roy J., Arase, Shingo
• Primary Examiner(s): Shaw, Gareth D.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Chan, E.
• Application Number:
  US05/781,266
• Time in Patent Office: 1,082 Days
• Field of Search: 340/324 A, 340/324 AD, 340/324 M, 340/712, 340/751, 340/745, 340/790, 340/798, 340/707, 340/305 R, 364/200 MS File, 364/900, 364/200, 178/30
• US Class Current: 704/2
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 40/47 Machine-assisted translation, e.g. using translation memory
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 40/53 Processing of non-Latin text kana-to-kanji conversion G06F40/129; vowelisation G06F40/232
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 40/58 Use of machine translation, e.g. for multi-lingual retrieval, for server-side translation for client devices or for real-time translation

Abstract

A device is provided for printing a verbal composition in a text form transposed by an operator from the language form in which the source material is presented. Language character forms from different written language formats are encoded and maintained in electronic storage. An operator of the device selects a particular language character from a desired language character font in a single or multiple step selection process to appear at sequential locations of the text during composition of the text. The material to be transposed may be originally presented orally or visually, and is translated or transposed into a different language, or, in the case of some languages, particularly oriental languages, the text may be composed of different language character forms of the same spoken language. For language character forms that utilize a great multiplicity of characters, as opposed to language forms utilizing a relatively few alphabetic or pneumonic characters, a second order selection is made. In this utilization a character or character combination from the simpler language is first selected. All characters of the more complex language form corresponding to the simple character selected are then displayed. The operator then selects from the among the complex characters for inclusion in the text.

Claims

1. Apparatus for generating a text of information in a language form comprised of first and second sets of characters, wherein each character or group of characters of said first set bears a predetermined phonetic or semantic relationship to a character or group of characters of said second set, said apparatus comprising:

memory means for storing in a binary digital format each of the first and second sets of characters comprising said language form;

first selection means for selecting individual ones of said first set of characters for inclusion in the text of information being generated;

display means including a first display area for displaying the text of information being generated and a second display aread for displaying predetermined ones of said second set of characters;

processing means coupled to said first selection means, to said memory means, and to said display means and including means responsive to the selection of each character of said first set by said first selection means for automatically accessing said selected character of said first set in binary digital format from said memory means, means for controlling said display means to display said accessed character of said first set in said first display area as part of said text of information, means responsive to the selection of each character or group of characters of said first set that bears said predetermined phonetic or semantic relationship to a character or group of characters of said second set for automatically accessing said character or group of characters of said second set in binary digital format from said memory means, and means for controlling said display means to display said accessed character or group of characters of said second set in said second display area;

second selection means for selecting a desired character or group of characters of said second set displayed in said second display area for substitution in said text of information in place of said selected character or group of characters of said first set that bears said predetermined phonetic or semantic relationship toward said selected character or group of characters of said second set; and

said processing means is coupled to said second selection means and further includes means responsive to the selected character or group of characters of said second set for automatically substituting said selected character or group of characters of said second set for the selected character or group of characters of said first set by controlling said display means to display said selected character or group of characters of said second set in place of said selected character or group of characters of said first set in said text of information displayed in said first display area.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said predetermined phonetic or semantic relationship is sound similarity.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said first set of characters are phonetic characters and said second set of characters are ideographic characters.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein said language form is Japanese and said phonetic characters include Hiragana characters and said ideographic characters include Kanji characters.

5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein said language form is Japanese and said phonetic characters include Katakana characters and said ideographic characters include Kanji characters.

6. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein said language form is Japanese and said phonetic characters include Hiragana and Katakana characters and said ideographic characters include Kanji characters.

7. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said language form comprises a third set of characters that are capable of being stored in a binary digital format in said memory means, said apparatus further comprising:

third selection means for selecting individual ones of said third set of characters for inclusion in the text of information to be generated; and

said processing means is coupled to said third selection means and further includes means responsive to the selection of each character of said third set by said third selection means for automatically accessing said selected character of said third set in binary digital format from said memory means, and means for controlling said display means to display (for applying) said accessed character of said third set (to said display means in a format capable of being displayed by said display device) in said first display area as part of said text of information.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said language form is Japanese, said first set of characters include Hiragana and Katakana characters, said second set of characters include Kanji characters and said third set of characters include Romanji characters.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said first selection means comprises a plurality of operator-controlled keys, at least some of which are arranged in a predetermined matrix of columns and rows, and a first character set selection key that, when actuated, enables said at least some keys to individually select characters of said first set.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein characters of said second set are displayed in said second display area in positions which are arranged in a matrix of columns and rows corresponding to said predetermined matrix.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein said second selection means comprises a second character set selection key that, when actuated, enables said at least some keys to individually select those characters of said second set that are displayed in said second display area, whereby each displayed character of said second set is selected by depressing the key corresponding in position to the position of said character in the second display area.

12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein said second selection means includes a light pen mechanism capable of being positioned adjacent a character of said second set to be selected for generating a signal indicative of the position of said selected characters in said second display area.

13. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein said second selection means includes a cursor display device capable of positioning a cursor in said second display area of said display means adjacent a character of said second set to be selected in order to generate a signal indicative of the position of said selected character in said second display area.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first display area of said display means includes a predetermined dedicated area on the face of a cathode ray tube.

15. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second display area of said display means includes a predetermined dedicated area on the face of a cathode ray tube.

16. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said display means includes a cathode ray tube having a first predetermined dedicated area on the face thereof defining said first display area, and a second predetermined dedicated area on the face thereof defining said second display area.

17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said memory means is capable of storing in binary digital format the selected characters of said first and second sets that comprise the text of information being generated.

18. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said second selection means comprises an optical sensing chamber comprising a rectilinear array of photosensors adapted for receiving a juxtaposition relative thereto a laminar medium with a character of said second set displayed in contrast thereon, whereby said photosensors generate an encoded signal representative of said character in displayed in contrast thereon.

19. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising an erase control means connected to said memory means for erasing the binary digital representation of the character stored therein corresponding to the last occupied character position in said text of information.

20. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising means for printing the text of information generated and displayed by said display means in said first display area.

21. The apparatus of claim 1 or claim 4, wherein said first selection means includes a plurality of operator-controlled keys displaying an English-language alphanumeric character set thereon.