Light-conducting fibers

• US 4,195,907 A
• Filed: 02/23/1978
• Issued: 04/01/1980
• Est. Priority Date: 03/05/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Diethelm Goebel, Klaus Zamja
• Original Assignee: Diethelm Goebel, Klaus Zamja
• Inventors: Goebel, Diethelm, Zamja, Klaus
• Primary Examiner(s): Hille, Rolf G.
• Application Number:
  US05/880,706
• Time in Patent Office: 768 Days
• Field of Search: 350/96.10, 350/96.15, 350/96.32, 350/96.30, 362/32
• US Class Current: 385/125
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/001 the light being emitted along at least a portion of the lateral surface of the fibre

Abstract

A clad light-conducting fiber comprising a core, a cladding of lower refractive index than the core, fused to the core, and a plurality of spots of inhomogeneity such as bubbles wholly within the core, spaced along the length of the light-conducting fiber. These light-conducting, bubble-containing fibers are used in a decorative structure comprising a light source and a suitably mounted group of light-conducting, bubble-containing fibers wherein the light is transmitted into and thereafter through the group of fibers, showing decorative points of light along the length of the fibers as well as at their ends.

Claims

1. A clad light-conducting fiber comprising:

A. a core of light-conducting material;

B. a relatively thin substantially uniform thickness of cladding material of lower refractive index than said core, fused to said core, said core and said cladding being interfacially connected for transmitting light through said fiber, wherein the outer surface of the core and the inner surface of the cladding are in contact with each other throughout the entire length of the fiber;

C. a plurality of optical inhomogeneities wholly within said core spaced along the length of the light-conducting fiber.

4. The clad light-conducting fiber of claim 1 wherein a ray of light striking an optical inhomogeneity passes through the optical fiber wall.

2. A clad light-conducting fiber comprising:

A. a core of light-conducting material of diameter 10 to 500 microns;

B. a substantially uniform cladding of thickness 1 to 100 microns of material of lower refractive index than said core, fused to said core at an interface;

C. a plurality of bubbles, wholly within the core, the ratio of the length to diameter of said bubbles being from 1;

50 to 50;

1 and the diameter of said bubbles being between 1 and 500 microns, said bubbles being spaced apart 0.1 to 50 cm along the length of the light-conducting fiber,

wherein the interface is tangential to a curved surface of said bubbles.

5. The clad light-conducting fiber of claim 2 wherein the diameter of the core is between 100 microns and 150 microns.

6. The clad light-conducting fiber of claim 2 wherein the cladding is of thickness 1 to 10 microns.

7. The clad light-conducting fiber of claim 2 wherein the diameter of the bubbles is between 1 micron and 150 microns.

8. The clad light-conducting fiber of claim 2 wherein the interval between adjacent bubbles is 2 to 10 cm along the length of the fiber.

9. The clad light-conducting fiber of claim 2 wherein a ray of light striking a bubble passes out of the optical fiber wall.

10. The clad light-conducting fiber of claim 2 wherein the interface is free of distortions by bubbles.

3. A clad light-conducting fiber comprising:

A. a core of light-conducting material of 100 to 150 microns in diameter;

B. a substantially uniform cladding of thickness 1 to 10 microns of material of lower refractive index than said core fused to said core at an interface;

C. a plurality of bubbles wholly within the core, the ratio of the length to diameter of said bubbles being from 1;

50 to 50;

1, and the diameter of said bubbles being between 1 micron and 150 microns, said bubbles being spaced apart 2 to 10 cm along the length of the light-conducting fiber

wherein the interface is tangential to a curved surface of said bubbles.

11. An optical fiber comprising a light-conducting core of a normal optical, homogeneous material and surrounding this core, at least one cladding of a material whose refractive index is lower than that of the core, so that light entering the core at a specified angle is reflected back into the core at the intersection of the core and the cladding due to total reflection, characterized in that the core consists of a material which contains bubbles wholly surrounded by the core, by which the light is deflected so that it enters the cladding at too great an angle to be reflected back into the core by total reflection, and the light at these places in the fiber exits to the outside through the cladding.

12. An optical fiber of claim 11 further comprising a mantle surrounding the cladding.

13. An optical fiber of claim 12 wherein the mantle is colored.

14. An optical fiber of claim 13 wherein the mantle is colored black.

15. A decorative structure comprising:

A. a light source;

B. a plurality of clad light-conducting fibers having one end thereof grouped together, said light-conducting fibers comprising a core, a cladding, and a plurality of optical inhomogeneities spaced apart wholly surrounded by said core, and said light-conducting fibers being flexible and bendable under their own weight;

C. means for mounting said grouped end of said flexible light-conducting fibers in an upright position over and in proximity with said light source whereby light is transmitted into said grouped end and thereafter through said flexible light-conducting fibers.

16. A decorative structure comprising:

A. a light source;

B. a plurality of clad light-conducting fibers which are flexible and which will bend under their own weight, the fibers having one end grouped together, each fiber comprising;

1. a core of light-conducting material of 100 to 150 microns in diameter;

2. a substantially uniform cladding of thickness 1 to 10 microns of material of lower refractive index than said core, fused to said core at an interface;

17. a plurality of bubbles wholly within the core, the ratio of the length to diameter of said bubbles being from 1:

50 to 50;

1, and the diameter of said bubbles being between 1 micron and 150 microns, said bubbles being spaced apart 2 to 10 cm along the length of the light-conducting fiber;

wherein the interface is tangential to a curved surface of said bubbles,

C. means for mounting said grouped end of said light-conducting fibers in an upright position over and in proximity with said light source whereby light is transmitted into said grouped end and thereafter through said light-conducting fibers.

18. A clad light-conducting fiber comprising:

A. a core of light-conducting material;

B. a relatively thin substantially uniform thickness of cladding material of lower refractive index than said core, fused to said core, said core and said cladding being interfacially connected for transmitting light through said fiber, wherein the outer surface of the core and the inner surface of the cladding are in contact with each other throughout the entire length of the fiber;

C. a plurality of optical inhomogeneities wholly within said core, the inhomogeneities being wholly surrounded by said core, and being spaced along the length of the light-conducting fiber.