Pelletizable, rapid and cool burning solid nitrogen gas generant

• US 4,203,787 A
• Filed: 12/18/1978
• Issued: 05/20/1980
• Est. Priority Date: 12/18/1978
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Thiokol Corporation (Howmet Aerospace, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Thiokol Corporation (Howmet Aerospace, Inc.)
• Inventors: Kirchoff, George F., Schneiter, Fred E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lechert, Jr., Stephen J.
• Application Number:
  US05/970,602
• Time in Patent Office: 519 Days
• Field of Search: 149/35, 149/22, 149/37, 252/181.4
• US Class Current: 149/35
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 21/02 Preparation of nitrogen by decomposition of ammonia C01B3/047
• CPC Class Codes: C06D 5/06 by reaction of two or more solids

Abstract

Mixtures of alkali metal azides, metal and metalloid oxides, molybdenum disulfide and optionally sulfur are easily pressed into pellets, are rapid, stable and cool burners and give high purity cool nitrogen gas. The compositions are useful in applications such as automotive crash bag inflators and the like.

Claims

1. A solid nitrogen gas generant consisting of 60 to 80 weight percent alkali metal azide, 2 to 35 weight percent oxide selected from the group consisting of iron oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, palladium oxide, silicon oxide and mixtures thereof, 2 to 26 weight percent molybdenum disulfide and up to 6 weight percent sulfur.

2. A nitrogen gas generant as defined in claim 1 wherein the oxide is iron oxide.

3. A nitrogen generant as defined in claim 2 wherein the iron oxide is Fe₂ O₃.

4. A nitrogen gas generant as defined in claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein the alkali metal azide is sodium azide.

5. A nitrogen gas generant as defined in claim 1 consisting of 66 weight percent sodium azide, 30 weight percent ferric oxide, 2 weight percent molybdenum disulfide and 2 weight percent sulfur.

6. A method for the generation of substantially pure, substantially particle free nitrogen gas at pressures below 1500 psia when generation is initiated at normal room temperature which comprises:

(a) treating a nitrogen gas generant composition as defined in claim 1 with hot combustion products of an initiator composition comprising a mixture of 5 to 25 weight percent boron and 75 to 95 weight percent potassium nitrate to which mixture is added 3 to 10 weight percent lead azide the combustion products of said initiator composition being of sufficient quantity to induce sustained combustion of said nitrogen gas generant composition; and

(b) passing the products of combustion of said nitrogen gas composition through cooling, filtration and pH adjustment means.

7. An improved nitrogen gas generator based on alkali metal azides containing reactants for combination with the free alkali metals liberated by decomposition of alkali metal azides to produce nitrogen, wherein the improvement comprises the reactants for combination with said free alkali metals being a mixture of:

(a) oxides selected from the group consisting of iron oxides, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, palladium oxide, silicon oxide and mixtures thereof;

(b) molybdenum disulfide; and

(c) sulfur.