Single source aiming point locator

• US 4,209,255 A
• Filed: 03/30/1979
• Issued: 06/24/1980
• Est. Priority Date: 03/30/1979
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Westinghouse Norden Systems Inc (Northrop Grumman Corporation)
• Original Assignee: United Technologies Corporation (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Raber, Peter E., Heynau, Hans A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Buczinski, S. C.
• Application Number:
  US06/025,648
• Time in Patent Office: 452 Days
• Field of Search: 250/203 R, 250/203 CT, 356/141, 356/152, 340/707, 340/709, 358/93, 358/107
• US Class Current: 356/141.3
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 3/225 Helmet sighting systems
• CPC Class Codes: G01B 11/002 for measuring two or more coordinates
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 5/26 characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/163 Determination of attitude using inertial means G01C9/00; control of attitude G05D1/49
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/012 Head tracking input arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0304 Detection arrangements using opto-electronic means constructional details of pointing devices not related to the detection arrangement using opto-electronic means G06F3/033; optical digitisers G06F3/042

Abstract

An aiming point locating system has a single LED mounted on the helmet of a pilot in an aircraft and can be used to designate a point on a cockpit display, or the like, without touching the display. An optical device located in front of the LED tapers the energy pattern from the LED so that a sufficiently varying energy field reaches photodiodes located adjacent the display. The photodiodes are oriented toward the pilot so that they respond directly to the tapered energy field thus allowing greater accuracy in electrically identifying the pilot'"'"'s aiming point on the display. A two stage switch actuated by the pilot has a partially depressed stage causing a visible aiming reticle to appear on display and a fully depressed stage activating the emitter to obtain an electrical output from the photodiodes. Monopulse processing of the signals from the photodiodes is used to create varying X-Y signals which directly correspond to the coordinates of the point on the display viewed by the pilot.

Claims

1. Aiming point locator for identifying the point on a plane which is viewed by a wearer, comprising:

emitter means positionable on the head of a wearer for selectively directing a beam of electromagnetic energy along a first axis toward a plane;

optical means located adjacent said emitter means through which said beam of electromagnetic energy passes for modifying said beam to create a tapered energy pattern;

sighting means positionable on the head of said wearer for creating a visible image along a second axis, said second axis intersecting said first axis, to identify the intersection of said first axis with said plane; and

photoresponsive means for receiving said tapered beam of electromagnetic energy from said emitter means and for providing an electrical output signal which is related to the location of the point in said plane viewed by said wearer.

2. An aiming point locator according to claim 1, wherein said photoresponsive means includes at least one pair of photodiodes positioned in a spaced configuration in said plane viewed by said wearer, and wherein said optical means tapers said beam of electromagnetic energy by converging the intensity thereof along said first axis.

3. An aiming point locator according to claim 2, wherein said photoresponsive means includes two pair of photodiodes positioned in an orthogonal configuration, and wherein said optical means tapers said beam of electromagnetic energy uniformly in intensity in all directions forming a circular intensity gradient about the point where said first axis intersects said plane.

4. An aiming point locator according to claim 1, wherein said photoresponsive means comprises at least one pair of photodiodes positioned in a spaced configuration in said plane being viewed by said wearer, and wherein said optical means tapers said beam of electromagnetic energy to form a band which is sized to be at least twice as long as the distance separating said photodiodes in said plane.

5. An aiming point locator according to claim 4, wherein said band of electromagnetic energy formed by optical means is tapered in area such that its width is thickest at its midportion and thinnest at its outward ends.

6. An aiming point locator according to claim 4, wherein said band of electromagnetic energy formed by said optical means is tapered in area such that its width is thinnest at its midportion and thickest at its outward end.

7. An aiming point locator according to claim 1, wherein said photoresponsive means comprises two pairs of photodiodes oriented in an orthogonal configuration, the photodiodes of each pair being spaced apart, and wherein said optical means tapers said beam of electromagnetic energy in orthogonal directions from two distinct energy bands, each band being sized to twice as long as the distance separating each pair of photodiodes.

8. Any point locator according to claim 1, further including a switch means having a first stage which renders said sighting means operable to create a visible image along said second axis, and a second stage which renders said emitter means operable so that said photoresponsive means provides an electrical output signal indicative of the location viewed by said wearer.

9. Aiming point locator according to claim 1, further including a normalizer circuit coupled to said photoresponsive means.

10. Aiming point locator according to claim 9, wherein said normalizer circuit comprises a summing node, a subtracting node, and an analog divider having a pair of inputs, and wherein said photoresponsive means is electrically coupled to said summing node and said subtracting node and wherein said summing node supplies an electrical signal to one input of said analog divider which is proportional to the sum of the signal supplied thereto, and wherein said subtracting node supplies a signal to the other input of said analog divider whose magnitude is proportional to the difference of the signals presented thereto.

11. Aiming point locator according to claim 1, wherein said sighting means for creating a visible image includes a hologram positioned along said second axis.