Object identification system

• US 4,209,783 A
• Filed: 03/22/1978
• Issued: 06/24/1980
• Est. Priority Date: 03/30/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. (Toshiba Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. (Toshiba Corporation)
• Inventors: Ohyama, Masumi, Sakuragi, Johji, Aono, Masanori, Ochi, Takeshi
• Primary Examiner(s): Yusko, Donald J.
• Application Number:
  US05/889,114
• Time in Patent Office: 825 Days
• Field of Search: 340/152 T, 340/38 L, 340/567, 343/6.5 SS, 343/6.5 LC
• US Class Current: 340/10.42
• CPC Class Codes: B61L 25/043 using inductive tags
• CPC Class Codes: B61L 25/045 using reradiating tags
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/00 Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/75 using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders , or using passive reflectors
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/753 using frequency selective elements, e.g. resonator
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0672 with resonating marks
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/086 sensing passive circuit, e.g. resonant circuit transponders
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/28 the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/017 identifying vehicles G08G1/015, G08G1/054 take precedence

Abstract

A transmitting/receiving antenna radiates a sweep frequency signal as an interrogation signal to an answer device. The answer device includes a plurality of resonators which are connected in parallel and have different resonance frequencies and answer antenna means connected in parallel with these resonators and transmits resonance answer signals including ringing answer signals corresponding to the resonators, in response to the interrogation signal. A phase adjusting means is provided which receives at the inputs the sweep frequency signal and the resonance answer signal and adjusts the phases of these signals to have the phase difference therebetween 0° or 180°. The output of the phase adjusting means is applied to a detector where the ringing answer signals are detected to form binary answer signals corresponding to the ringing answer signals, respectively. An object with the answer device fixed thereat is identified from these binary answer signals.

Claims

1. An object identification system comprising:

an interrogation circuit including a sweep frequency signal generator for generating a sweep frequency signal;

a transmitting/receiving duplex circuit connected to said interrogation circuit;

transmitting/receiving antenna means which is connected to said transmitting/receiving duplex circuit and transmits said sweep frequency signal as an interrogation signal;

an answer device which includes a plurality of resonators with different resonance frequencies connected in parallel one another and an answer antenna means connected in parallel with said resonators, and which is fixed on an object to be identified and transmits resonance answer signals corresponding to the resonances of said resonators in response to said interrogation signal toward said transmitting/receiving antenna means;

phase adjusting means which is connected to said transmitting/receiving duplex circuit and said interrogation circuit and adjusts the phases of the sweep frequency signal from said sweep frequency signal generating circuit and said resonance answer signal to have a phase difference of substantially 0 or 180 degrees;

a detector for detecting a ringing answer signal included in said resonance answer signal from the output of said phase adjusting means;

3. An object identification system according to claim 1, in which said separator includes a filter permitting desired ringing components of said ringing answer signal from said detector to selectively pass therethrough;

and a signal compressor which outputs a single impulse wave for a single ringing answer signal through the coincidence of the respective frequency components outputted from said filter on a time scale and transfers the single impulse wave to said binary answer signal extractor.

4. An object identification system according to claim 1, in which said binary answer signal extractor includes a level detector for forming a pulsed answer signal from the output of said separator and a signal discriminator for converting the pulsed answer signal into a binary answer signal, and said signal discriminator comprises:

a clock pulse generator;

an AND gate which receives at the inputs the output of said level detector and the clock pulse from said clock pulse generator and outputs clock pulse trains with a pattern corresponding to a pulse width-space pattern of the pulsed answer signal outputted from said level detector;

a multi-stage shift register which receives at the respective stages clock pulses from said clock pulse generator as shift pulses and shifts the clock pulse trains with said pulse width-space pattern from said AND gate;

a group of AND gates which are connected to selected stages of said shift register and each produce "1" when said clock pulse trains with said pattern are shifted up to a given stage; and

AND gate for producing "1" when said AND gate group produces "1".

5. An object identification system according to claim 1, in which said binary answer signal extractor includes a level detector for forming a pulsed answer signal from the output of said separator, and a signal discriminator for converting said pulsed answer signal into a single binary answer signal;

and said signal discriminator comprises a clock pulse generator, an AND gate which receives at the inputs the output of said level detector and the clock pulse from said clock pulse generator and outputs clock pulse trains with a pattern corresponding to a pulse width-space pattern of the pulsed answer signal outputted from said level detector;

a multi-stage shift register which receives at the respective stages clock pulses from said clock pulse generator as shift pulses and shifts the clock pulse trains with said pulse width-space pattern from said AND gate;

a memory for previously storing the information of a plurality of pulse width-space patterns within an allowable range corresponding to said pulse width-space pattern of said pulsed answer signal; and

a coincidence circuit to which the outputs of said respective stages of said shift register as first input information and the information of said pulse width-space pattern stored in said memory as second input information are applied and which produces a binary answer signal when both said first and second information coincide each other.

6. An object identification system according to claim 1, in which said signal extractor comprises:

a level detector for forming a pulsed answer signal from the output of said separator;

a majority decision circuit for making a majority decision of a first input from said level detector, a second input which is the output of said level detector delayed by one sweep period of said answer circuit, and a third input which is the output of said level detector delayed by two sweep periods of said answer circuit;

a signal discriminator which discriminates a majority decision signal outputted from said majority decision circuit to produce a binary answer signal corresponding to the truth resonance answer signal.

7. An object identification system according to claim 1, in which said binary answer signal extractor comprises:

a multiplier for multiplying the first input from said separator by a second input which is the output of said separator delayed by integer times of the sweep period of said answer device;

a level detector for converting the output of said multiplier into a pulse form; and

a signal discriminator for outputting a binary answer signal corresponding to the truth resonance answer signal, through decision of the output of said level detector.

8. An object identification system according to claim 1, in which said answer device includes a plurality of resonators connected in parallel, an inductor connected in parallel with these resonators, and a capacitor connected in parallel with said inductor through said answer antenna;

the capacitance of said capacitor is so selected that the resonance frequency of a series resonance circuit including said capacitor and said answer antenna coincides with the center frequency of the sweep frequency range used; and

the inductance of said inductor is so selected that the resonance frequency of a parallel resonance circuit including the sum of parallel capacitances of said respective resonators and said answer antenna coincides with the center frequency of the sweep frequency range used.

9. An object identification system according to claim 1, in which said answer device comprising:

a hybrid circuit;

an answer antenna connected to said hybrid circuit;

a filter for extracting only the sweep frequency signal from the output of said hybrid circuit;

an amplifier for amplifying the output of said filter;

a resonance circuit including a plurality of resonators connected in parallel;

a coupling transformer for supplying the output of said amplifier to said resonance circuit; and

a coupling transformer for feeding back a resonance answer signal produced in said resonance circuit.

10. An object identification system according to claim 1, in which the sweep frequency signal generating circuit included in said interrogation circuit includes a voltage control oscillator, said interrogation circuit includes means to control said voltage control oscillator circuit in order that a sweep stop period with a constant output frequency is formed between adjacent sweep periods.

11. An object identification system according to claim 1, in which said interrogation signal circuit comprises:

a first high frequency oscillator for producing a high frequency signal with a first frequency f_c1 ;

a second high frequency oscillator for producing a high frequency signal with a second high frequency f_c2 ;

a pulse generator for generating a reference frequency signal with a reference frequency f_s ; and

means for forming a frequency f_c1 ±

f_s from said first frequency f_c1 and said reference frequency f_s ;

said transmitting/receiving antenna means includes a first antenna for radiating a signal including said frequency (f_c1 ±

f_s) and said first frequency f_c1 and a second antenna for radiating a signal with said f_c2 frequency;

said answer device includes means for radiating a high frequency resonance answer signal including said resonance frequency f_r carried on a carrier signal with a third frequency f_c3 formed by said received first and second frequency f_c1 and f_c2, (f_c1 ±

f_s) and said resonance frequency f_r of said resonator; and

said object identification system further comprises means for processing a high frequency resonance answer signal received by said first antenna by said output frequency f_c2 of said second high frequency oscillator, between said transmitting/receiving duplex circuit and said phase adjusting means.

2. a separation circuit for separating the ringing answer signals included in the output of said detector;

a signal extracting circuit for extracting binary answer signals corresponding to said separated ringing answer signals; and

a memory circuit for storing said binary answer signals.