Method and apparatus for signal enhancement with improved digital filtering

• US 4,209,843 A
• Filed: 02/14/1975
• Issued: 06/24/1980
• Est. Priority Date: 02/14/1975
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Gilbert P. Hyatt
• Original Assignee: Gilbert P. Hyatt
• Inventors: Hyatt, Gilbert P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Gruber, Felix D.
• Application Number:
  US05/550,231
• Time in Patent Office: 1,957 Days
• Field of Search: 340/15.5 CC, 340/15.5 TA, 340/15.5 MC, 340/15.5 DP, 340/15.5 AF, 235/150.53, 235/152, 235/156, 235/164, 235/193, 235/177, 325/30, 325/42, 325/38, 325/323, 364/724, 364/728, 364/734, 364/604, 364/607, 364/517, 364/819, 364/822, 364/824, 364/825
• US Class Current: 708/422
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 16/0373 Voice control in general G10L
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 23/00 Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices characterised by cooling arrangements F21V29/508
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/897 using application of holographic techniques
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8977 using special techniques for image reconstruction, e.g. FFT, geometrical transformations, spatial deconvolution, time deconvolution
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52026 Extracting wanted echo signals Doppler systems G01S15/50; Doppler short range imaging systems G01S15/8979
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 1/005 with exploration systems emitting special signals, e.g. frequency swept signals, pulse sequences or slip sweep arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/13318 Circuits comprising a photodetector
• CPC Class Codes: G03F 9/7049 Technique, e.g. interferometric
• CPC Class Codes: G03F 9/7088 Alignment mark detection, e.g. TTR, TTL, off-axis detection, array detector, video detection
• CPC Class Codes: G04G 99/006 Electronic time-pieces using a microcomputer, e.g. for multi-function clocks
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/351 the positional error is used to control continuously the servomotor according to its magnitude
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/408 characterised by data handling or data format, e.g. reading, buffering or conversion of data
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/4083 Adapting programme, configuration
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/4086 Coordinate conversions; Other special calculations
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/409 characterised by using manual data input [MDI] or by using control panel, e.g. controlling functions with the panel; characterised by control panel details or by setting parameters G05B19/408, G05B19/4093 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/4093 characterised by part programming, e.g. entry of geometrical information as taken from a technical drawing, combining this with machining and material information to obtain control information, named part programme, for the NC machine
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/414 Structure of the control system, e.g. common controller or multiprocessor systems, interface to servo, programmable interface controller
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/4142 characterised by the use of a microprocessor G05B19/4141 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 13/16 for access to memory bus G06F13/28 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06J 1/00 Hybrid computing arrangements digitally-programmed analogue computers G06G7/06
• CPC Class Codes: G07G 1/12 : electronically operated digital data processing aspects G06Q20/00
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/00 : Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis in musical instruments G10H
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 11/565 : using capacitive charge storage elements
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 19/287 : Organisation of a multiplicity of shift registers
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 19/36 : using multistable semiconductor elements
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 27/00 : Electric analogue stores, e.g. for storing instantaneous values
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 27/04 : Shift registers
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 7/1042 : using interleaving techniques, i.e. read-write of one part of the memory while preparing another part
• CPC Class Codes: H03H 17/0291 : Digital and sampled data filters
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 90/02 : Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Abstract

A signal enhancement system is provided using an improved digital filtering apparatus and method. Enhanced performance and cost is achieved by processing signals on the fly in real time. Greater precision is achieved by providing compositing-after-correlation capability. Further improvements are achieved by separating and compositing a plurality of signals that are multiplexed together. Still further improvements are achieved with a filter implementation using charge coupled devices.

Claims

1. A filtering system comprising:

input means for providing an input signal, said input signal having a plurality of input signal samples;

filter operator means for providing a filter operator signal, said filter operator signal having a plurality of operator signal samples;

output means for providing a filtered output signal, said filtered output signal having a plurality of output signal samples; and

update means for updating a plurality of the output signal samples provided by said output means in response to one of the input signal samples from said input means and the plurality of operator signal samples from said filter operator means.

2. The system as set forth in claim 1 above wherein each output signal sample provided by said output means is related to a comparison between a plurality of input signal samples from said input means and a plurality of operator signal samples from said filter operator means, said update means including means for partially updating a plurality of output signal samples provided by said output means in response to each input signal sample included in the plurality of input signal samples from said input means prior to updating output signal samples in response to a next sequential input signal sample included in the plurality of input signal samples from said input means.

3. The system as set forth in claim 1 above wherein said update means includes receiving means for receiving a sequence of input signal samples from said input means and sequential processing means for processing each of the sequence of received input signal samples in response to the plurality of operator signal samples from said filter operator means.

4. The system as set forth in claim 1 above wherein each of the plurality of output signal samples provided by said output means is related to a comparison between a plurality of input signal samples from said input means and a plurality of operator signal samples from said filter operator means and wherein said update means includes sequential control means for iteratively controlling updating of a plurality of output signal samples in response to a comparison between each of the input signal samples in sequence and a plurality of operator signal samples.

5. The system as set forth in claim 1 above wherein said filtering system is arranged in the form of a correlator filter for generating the output signal samples provided by said output means in response to correlation between the input signal samples from said input means and the operator signal samples from said filter operator means.

6. The system as set forth in claim 1 above wherein said filtering system is a digital filtering system, wherein the input signal samples from said input means are digital signal samples, wherein the operator signal samples from said filter operator means are digital signal samples, wherein the output signal samples provided by said output means are digital signal samples, wherein said update means includes means for generating a digital update signal in response to a digital input signal sample from said input means and a digital operator signal sample from said filter operator means and includes means for updating a digital output signal sample provided by said output means in response to the digital update signal from said digital update signal generating means.

7. The system as set forth in claim 1 above wherein said filtering system is a hybrid filtering system, wherein the input signal samples from said input means are analog signal samples, wherein the operator signal samples from said filter operator means are digital signal samples, wherein the output signal samples provided by said output means are analog signal samples, wherein said update means includes means for generating an analog update signal in response to an analog input signal sample from said input means and a digital operator signal sample from said filter operator means and includes means for updating an analog output signal sample provided by said output means in response to the analog update signal from said analog update signal generating means.

8. The system as set forth in claim 1 above, wherein said input means includes means for controlling said input means to provide the input signal samples, wherein said filter operator means includes means for controlling said filter operator means to provide the operator signal samples, wherein said output means includes means for controlling said output means to provide the filtered output signal, and wherein said update means includes means for controlling said update means to provide said updating.

9. A filtering system comprising:

sequential input means for generating a sequence of input signal samples;

filter operator means for generating operator signal samples;

processor means for processing each of the input signal samples from said sequential input means in sequence with a plurality of the operator signal samples from said filter operator means;

output means for providing a plurality of output signal samples; and

update means for updating the plurality of output signal samples provided with said output means in response to the processing with said processor means of each input signal sample from said sequential input means with the operator signal samples from said filter operator means.

10. The system as set forth in claim 9 above wherein said processor means includes sequential control means for processing each of the sequence of input signal samples with a plurality of the operator signal samples before processing of a next sequential input signal sample.

11. The system as set forth in claim 9 above wherein said update means includes means for updating each of the plurality of output signal samples in response to processing of an input signal sample with each of a plurality of operator signal samples, wherein each of the updated plurality of output signal samples is updated in response to processing with an operator signal sample different from the operator signal sample used to update each other output signal sample in response to the same input signal sample.

12. The system as set forth in claim 9 above wherein said update means includes means for updating the plurality of output signal samples in response to a related input signal sample before updating any output signal samples in response to a next sequential input signal sample.

13. A digital filtering system comprising:

input means for providing a plurality of sequential single-bit resolution input signal samples;

filter operator means for providing a plurality of single-bit resolution filter operator signal samples;

output means for providing a plurality of multi-bit resolution filtered output signal samples; and

update means for updating the plurality of multi-bit resolution filtered output signal samples from said output means in response to each sequential single-bit resolution input signal sample from said input means and the plurality of single-bit resolution filter operator signal samples from said filter operator means.

14. The system as set forth in claim 13 above wherein said update means includes single-bit product means for generating a single-bit resolution product signal in response to a single-bit resolution input signal sample and a single-bit resolution filter operator signal sample and includes incremental means for updating one of the multi-bit resolution filtered output signal sample in response to the single-bit resolution product signal.

15. The system as set forth in claim 14 above wherein said incremental means includes means for receiving a multi-bit resolution filtered output signal sample from said output means and means for incrementing the received multi-bit resolution filtered output signal sample in response to the single-bit resolution product signal to provide the updating of the multi-bit resolution filtered output signal sample.

16. The system as set forth in claim 15 above further comprising control means for controlling filtering system operations, wherein said incrementing means includes counter means for incrementing the received multi-bit resolution filtered output signal sample in response to the single-bit resolution product signal, wherein said receiving means includes means for loading the received multi-bit resolution filtered output signal sample into said counter means, and wherein said output means includes means for storing the multi-bit resolution filtered output signal sample from said counter means.

17. A multiple channel filter system comprising:

input means for generating at least one input signal;

multiple channel operator means for generating a plurality of channels of different filter operator signature signals, wherein the signature of the filter operator signature signal from each channel is different from the signature of the filter operator signature signal from each other channel; and

filter means for generating a plurality of channels of filtered signals in response to the input signal from said input means and the plurality of channels of different filter operator signature signals from said multiple channel operator means.

18. The system as set forth in claim 17 above, wherein said filter means includes first filter means for filtering the input signal in response to a first filter channel operator signature signal having a first signature and includes second filter means for filtering the input signal in response to a second filter channel operator signature signal having a second signature.

19. The system as set forth in claim 17 above wherein said input means includes a memory for providing the input signal in response to stored information.

20. The system as set forth in claim 17 above wherein said input means includes a transducer for providing the input signal in response to a signal propogating through a propogation medium and wherein the plurality of filtered signals are related to a plurality of overlapping propogating signals.

21. The system as set forth in claim 17 above, wherein said input means includes means for controlling said input means to provide the input signal, wherein said operator means includes means for controlling said operator means to provide the filter operator signature signals, and wherein said filter means includes means for controlling said filter means to provide the filtered signals.

22. A digital data processing system comprising:

means for generating a first digital signal having a first multi-bit digital signal resolution;

means for generating a second digital signal having a second multi-bit digital signal resolution; and

means for generating a multi-bit output digital signal in response to the first digital signal from said first digital signal generating means and the second digital signal from said second digital signal generating means having an output multi-bit digital signal resolution being better than the first multi-bit digital signal resolution and the second multi-bit digital signal resolution.

23. A signal processing apparatus comprising:

means for generating a signature signal, said signal having a plurality of signature signal components;

means for receiving a signature signal related to the generated signature signal; and

means for processing the received signature signal to separate a plurality of signature signal components.

24. The apparatus as set forth in claim 23 above wherein said signature signal generating means includes means for generating each of the plurality of signature signal components having a signature that is different from signatures of the other signature signal components.

25. The apparatus as set forth in claim 23 above wherein said signature signal generating means includes means for generating each of the plurality of signature signal components having a phase relationship that is different from phase relationships of the other signature signal components.

26. A signal processing apparatus comprising:

means for generating a first signature signal;

means for generating a second signature signal;

means for generating a third signature signal to response to the first signature signal and in response to the second signature signal; and

means for processing the third signature signal to separate a first signal component related to the first signature signal and to separate a second signal component related to the second signature signal.

27. The apparatus as set forth in claim 26 above wherein said first signature signal generating means includes means for generating the first signature signal having a first signal signature and wherein said second signature signal generating means includes means for generating the second signature signal having a second signal signature, wherein said second signal signature is different from said first signal signature.

28. The apparatus as set forth in claim 26 above wherein said first signature signal generating means includes means for generating the first signature signal at a first shotpoint;

wherein said second signature signal generating means includes means for generating the second signature signal at a second shotpoint; and

wherein said second shotpoint is different from said first shotpoint.

29. The apparatus as set forth in claim 26 above further comprising means for recording the first signal component and the second signal component to maintain the separation therebetween.

30. A data processing system comprising:

input means for generating an input signal;

signal processing means for generating a processed signal in response to the input signal;

correlation means for generating a correlated signal in response to the processed signal;

compositor means for generating a composited signal in response to the correlated signal; and

output means for outputting the composited signal.