Process for removing nitrogen oxides from gas by ammonia

• US 4,213,944 A
• Filed: 12/09/1977
• Issued: 07/22/1980
• Est. Priority Date: 12/10/1976
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Kikuchi, Hideo, Akimoto, Hidetoshi, Azuhata, Shigeru, Hishinuma, Yukio, Arikawa, Yoshijiro, Oshima, Ryoichiro
• Primary Examiner(s): Peters, G. O.
• Application Number:
  US05/859,176
• Time in Patent Office: 956 Days
• Field of Search: 423/235, 423/239, 423/351
• US Class Current: 423/235
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/56 Nitrogen oxides B01D53/60 takes precedence

Abstract

A hot gas containing nitrogen oxides is admixed with ammonia and hydrogen peroxide to reduce the nitrogen oxides to nitrogen and water. Reduction reaction of the nitrogen oxides by ammonia is considerably promoted in a temperature range of 400° to 800° C. by the addition of hydrogen peroxide, and also ammonia present in excess of the nitrogen oxides is decomposed thereby, eliminating an unreacted ammonia effluent.

Claims

1. A process for removing nitrogen oxides from a gas containing nitrogen oxides, which comprises adding a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of ammonia, ammonium salts, amines and amides and hydrogen peroxide to the gas, the gas having a temperature of 400°

-1200°

C., thereby decomposing the nitrogen oxides to a nitrogen gas and water.

2. A process according to claim 3, wherein the reducing agent and the hydrogen peroxide are uniformly mixed into the gas.

3. A process according to claim 1, wherein said gas contains 0 to 20% oxygen.

4. A process according to claim 3, wherein said gas contains no oxygen.

5. A process according to claim 3, wherein the hydrogen peroxide is diluted with either air or nitrogen and then added to the gas.

7. A process according to claim 1, wherein the ammonia is added to the gas at a molar ratio of ammonia to nitrogen oxides of 0.3-10:

1, and the hydrogen peroxide at a molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide to ammonia of 0.03-3;

1.

8. A process according to claim 1, wherein the ammonia is added to the gas in a temperature region of at least 800°

C., and then the hydrogen peroxide in a region of 400°

to 800°

C.

9. A process according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen peroxide is added to the gas in a form of an aqueous 0.1-3% solution.

12. A process according to claim 9, wherein said solution is added to the gas as a spray.

6. A process for removing nitrogen oxides from a gas containing nitrogen oxides, which comprises adding ammonia and hydrogen peroxide to the gas at a gas temperature of 400°

to 1,200°

C., thereby decomposing the nitrogen oxides to a nitrogen gas and water.

10. A process according to claim 6, wherein said gas contains 0 to 20% oxygen.

11. A process according to claim 10, wherein the hydrogen peroxide is diluted with either air or nitrogen and then added to the gas.

13. A process according to claim 10, wherein the hydrogen peroxide is added to the gas through a plurality of inlets, whereby formation of NO₂ by oxidation of NO by hydrogen peroxide is reduced and percent nitrogen oxide removal is enhanced.

14. A process for removing nitrogen oxides from a gas containing nitrogen oxides, which comprises adding ammonia to the gas at a molar ratio of ammonia to nitrogen oxides of 0.3-10:

1, and hydrogen peroxide to the gas at a molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide to ammonia of 0.03-3;

1 in a temperature region of 400°

to 800°

C., thereby reducing the nitrogen oxides to a nitrogen gas and water.

15. A process according to claim 14, wherein the hydrogen peroxide is added to the gas in a form of an aqueous 0.1-3% solution.

16. A process according to claim 14, wherein said gas contains 0 to 20% oxygen.

17. A process according to claim 15, wherein said solution is added to the gas as a spray.

18. A process according to claim 16, wherein said gas also contains oxygen and said ammonia is added to said gas in a temperature region of higher than 800°

C. prior to the adding of hydrogen peroxide to the gas.

19. A process according to claim 16, wherein the hydrogen peroxide is diluted with either air or nitrogen and then added to the gas.

20. A process for removing nitrogen oxides from a boiler combustion flue gas containing nitrogen oxides, wherein the flue gas passes, successively, through a furnace, a secondary superheater, a high temperature reheater, and a primary superheater, and wherein ammonia is added to the gas in the secondary superheater, and hydrogen peroxide is added to the gas at a downstream of the high temperature reheater, both of the ammonia and the hydrogen peroxide being added to the gas at a gas temperature of 400°

to 1200°

C., thereby reducing the nitrogen oxides to a nitrogen gas and water.

21. A process according to claim 20, wherein said boiler combustion flue gas contains 0 to 20% oxygen.

22. A process according to claim 21, wherein the ammonia and the hydrogen peroxide are uniformly mixed into the flue gas.

25. A process according to claim 22, wherein said gas contains not more than 10% oxygen.

23. A process for removing nitrogen oxides from a gas containing nitrogen oxides, which comprises adding ammonia and hydrogen peroxide to the gas at a gas temperature of 400°

to 1,200°

C., thereby decomposing the nitrogen oxides to a nitrogen gas and water, whereby said decomposing is carried out without using a catalyst.

24. A process according to claim 23, wherein said gas contains 0 to 20% oxygen.

26. A process for removing nitrogen oxides from a gas containing nitrogen oxides, which comprises adding a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of ammonia, ammonium salts, amines and amides and hydrogen peroxide to the gas, the gas containing 0 to 20% oxygen, the gas having a temperature of 400°

-1200°

C., thereby decomposing the nitrogen oxides to a nitrogen gas and water, said decomposing being carried out without using a catalyst.

27. A process for removing nitrogen oxides from a gas containing nitrogen oxides, which comprises adding ammonia to the gas at a molar ratio of ammonia to nitrogen oxides of 0.3-10:

1, and hydrogen peroxide to the gas at a molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide to ammonia of 0.03-3;

1, in a temperature region of 400°

to 800°

C., said gas containing 0 to 20% oxygen, thereby reducing the nitrogen oxides to a nitrogen gas and water, the reducing of the nitrogen oxides to a nitrogen gas and water being carried out without using a catalyst.

28. A process for removing nitrogen oxides from a boiler combustion flue gas containing nitrogen oxides, wherein the flue gas passes, successively, through a furnace, a secondary superheater, a high temperature reheater, and a primary superheater, and wherein ammonia is added to the gas in the secondary superheater, and hydrogen peroxide is added to the gas at a downstream of the high temperature reheater, both of the ammonia and the hydrogen peroxide being added to the gas at a gas temperature of 400°

to 1200°

C., the boiler combustion flue gas containing 0 to 20% oxygen, thereby reducing the nitrogen oxides to a nitrogen gas and water, the reducing of the nitrogen oxides to a nitrogen gas and water being carried out without using a catalyst.