Tetrasulfide extreme pressure lubricant additives

• US 4,218,332 A
• Filed: 03/20/1979
• Issued: 08/19/1980
• Est. Priority Date: 09/16/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: United States Department Of Agriculture
• Original Assignee: United States Department Of Agriculture
• Inventors: Schwab, Arthur W., Kenney, Harold E., Gast, Lyle E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Gantz, Delbert E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Vaughn, Irving
• Application Number:
  US06/022,128
• Time in Patent Office: 518 Days
• Field of Search: 252/48.6, 260/608, 260/399, 549/13, 549/79
• US Class Current: 508/302
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 321/00 Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 321/14 of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 323/52 the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/26 containing carboxyl groups; Derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/024 of esters, e.g. fats
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/082 containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/085 containing carboxyl groups; Derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/10 Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/102 containing sulfur and carbon only in the ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/104 containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/106 Thiadiazoles
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/02 Bearings
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/04 Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/042 for automatic transmissions
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/044 for manual transmissions
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/046 for traction drives
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/06 Instruments or other precision apparatus, e.g. damping fluids
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/08 Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/22 with essential removal of material , e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/24 without essential removal of material , e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/241 : Manufacturing joint-less pipes
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/242 : Hot working
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/243 : Cold working
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/244 : of specific metals
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/245 : Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/246 : Iron or steel
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/247 : Stainless steel

Abstract

A novel class of compounds has been prepared comprising the tetrasulfides of C₁₈ hydrocarbons, C₁₈ fatty acids, and C₁₈ fatty and alkyl and triglyceride esters. These tetrasulfides are useful as extreme pressure lubricant additives and show potential as replacements for sulfurized sperm whale oil.

Claims

1. Tetrasulfide compounds having the structural formula:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">R.sup.1 --S--S--S--S--R.sup.2

wherein R¹ and R² are each independently selected from the following substituent groups;

##STR4## wherein R¹ and R² are not both --(CH₂)₁₇ CH₃ ;

wherein r and s are each in the range of 4-10 with the proviso that r+s=15;

wherein w and y are each in the range of 1-8, x is 2 or 3, and z is in the range of 0-8, with the proviso that w+x+y+z=13; and

wherein R³ is hydrogen;

C₁ -C₅ straight or branched alkyl;

or ##STR5## wherein R⁴ and R⁵ are each independently selected from the acyl radicals or C₁₆ -C₁₈ saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, and from the acyl radicals of the mercapto, thiolan, and thiane derivatives of C₁₈ unsaturated fatty acids.

2. The tetrasulfide compounds as described in claim 1 wherein R¹ and R² both correspond to structural formula II and R³ is hydrogen or methyl.

3. The tetrasulfide compounds as described in claim 2 wherein R³ is hydrogen.

4. The tetrasulfide compounds as described in claim 1 wherein R¹ and R² are each independently selected from structural formulas III and IV, wherein w is 6-8, x is 2, y is 2 or 3, and z is 1 or 2, and wherein R³ is hydrogen or methyl.

6. A lubricating composition as described in claim 1 wherein R¹ and R² both correspond to structural formula II and R³ is hydrogen or methyl.

7. A lubricating composition as described in claim 6 wherein R³ is hydrogen.

8. A lubricating composition as described in claim 1 wherein R¹ and R² are each independently selected from structural formulas III and IV, wherein w is 6-8, x is 2, y is 2 or 3, and z is 1 or 2, and wherein R³ is hydrogen or methyl.

5. A lubricating composition comprising a base lubricating oil and an effective amount of an extreme pressure additive, said additive comprising a tetrasulfide compound having the structural formula:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">R.sup.1 --S--S--S--S--R.sup.2

wherein R¹ and R² are each independently selected from the following substituent groups;

##STR6## wherein R¹ and R² are not both --(CH₂)₁₇ CH₃ ;

wherein r and s are each in the range of 4-10 with the proviso that r+s=15;

wherein w and y are each in the range of 1-8, x is 2 or 3, and z is in the range of 0-8, with the proviso that w+x+y+z=13; and

wherein R³ is hydrogen;

C₁ -C₅ straight or branched alkyl;

or ##STR7## wherein R⁴ and R⁵ are each independently selected from the acyl radicals of C₁₆ -C₁₈ saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, and from the acyl radicals of the mercapto, thiolan, and thiane derivatives of C₁₈ unsaturated fatty acids.