Magnetic marker

• US 4,222,517 A
• Filed: 09/18/1978
• Issued: 09/16/1980
• Est. Priority Date: 09/18/1978
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Evans P.L., Trinity Broadcasting Corporation
• Original Assignee: Samuel Cornelious Evans
• Inventors: Richardson, Robert H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kilgore, Robert M.
• Application Number:
  US05/943,529
• Time in Patent Office: 729 Days
• Field of Search: 235/493, 235/449, 235/450, 117/44, 346/135, 360/2, 340/280, 340/572, 101/26
• US Class Current: 235/493
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 1/125 by magnetic means
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/06187 with magnetically detectable marking
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2411 Tag deactivation
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2437 Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/244 Tag manufacturing, e.g. continuous manufacturing processes
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2442 Tag materials and material properties thereof, e.g. magnetic material details
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 428/90 Magnetic feature
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 156/1084 of continuous or running length bonded web
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 156/1097 Lamina is running length web

Abstract

The present invention relates to an improved magnetic marker and method for manufacturing same. The marker includes a ribbon of magnetic signal material of relatively low coercivity having coupled thereto at least two control elements of a ferro-magnetic material which may be permanently magnetized by a control signal in order to saturate the strip of first ferromagnetic material, thereby preventing the first ferromagnetic material from generating higher order harmonics when interrogated by a periodic magnetic signal of fundamental frequency.

Claims

1. A method of manufacturing an elongated marker formed of a first ferromagnetic material which is capable of generating harmonic frequencies when interrogated with a magnetic field of fundamental frequency, and a second ferromagnetic material which controls the state of the first material for enabling or disabling the harmonic signal when interrogated, said method of manufacture comprising the steps of:

A. Positioning at least two elongated relatively narrow strips of the second material generally parallel with the longitudinal axis of a relatively wide ribbon of the first material;

B. coupling said elongated strips of the second material to said ribbon of the first material; and

C. cutting said ribbon of the first material, and said strips of the second material coupled thereto, generally adjacent an end thereof and across said longitudinal axis, thereby forming the elongated ferromagnetic marker from a narrow section of the width of said ribbon of said first material.

2. The method of manufacturing the elongated ferromagnetic marker as described in claim 1 further including the additional steps of:

D. incrementally advancing said ribbon of said first material in a direction along said longitudinal axis thereof by a distance generally equal to the desired width of said elongated ferromagnetic marker; and

E. repeating steps C, D and E.

3. The method of manufacturing the elongated ferromagnetic marker as described in claim 2 further including the substep of:

B1. maintaining predetermined spacings between said strips of said second material as they are coupled to said ribbon of said first material.

4. The method of manufacturing the elongated ferromagnetic marker as described in claim 3 further including the substep of:

B2. maintaining said predetermined spacings between said strips of said second material to at least the separation equal to the width of one of said strips of said second material.

5. The method of manufacturing the elongated ferromagnetic marker as described in claim 2 wherein step A includes the substep of:

A1. spacing said elongated strips of said second material generally parallel with each other.

6. The method of manufacturing the elongated ferromagnetic marker as described in claim 5 further including the substep of:

C1. orienting the cutting across said ribbon of said first material so as to be generally perpendicular to said longitudinal axis of said ribbon.

7. The method of manufacturing the elongated ferromagnetic marker as described in claim 6 wherein step B includes the substep of bonding said second material to said first material.

8. The method of manufacturing the elongated ferromagnetic marker as described in claim 7 further including the preliminary step of orienting the magnetic poles of said strips of said second material generally parallel with said longitudinal axis of said ribbon of said first material.

9. The method of manufacturing the elongated ferromagnetic marker as described in claim 2 wherein said first material has a coercivity in the range between 0.01 and 0.1 Oersteds and said second material has a coercivity in the range between 100 and 2,500 Oersteds.

10. The method of manufacturing the elongated ferromagnetic marker as described in claim 9 wherein said first material is permalloy and said second material is vicalloy.

11. A signal generating marker for being used in a system which detects the marker within an interrogation zone wherein a magnetic field varies periodically at a predetermined fundamental frequency, with the system including a sensor for actuating a security readout following the detection of a high harmonic frequency as generated by the marker responsive to the interrogation by the fundamental frequency, said marker comprising in combination:

a signal strip of ferromagnetic material of low coercivity and having a relatively long length as compared to a relatively narrow width, said signal strip having a first state characterized as unmagnetized for radiating harmonic signals when interrogated with the periodic magnetic signal of fundamental frequency, and a second state characterized as not radiating said harmonic signal when interrogated; and

a plurality of control elements of ferromagnetic material of relatively higher coercivity for being operatively coupled at intervals along said signal strip, with each of said control elements having a first unmagnetized state for switching adjacent sections of said signal strip into said first state, and having a second magnetized state for switching adjacent sections of said signal strip into said second state, with each of said control elements having a narrow width generally equal to said narrow width of said signal strip.

12. The signal generating marker as described in claim 11 wherein said low coercivity of said signal strip is in the range from between 0.01 Oersteds and 0.1 Oersteds, and wherein said higher coercivity of said control elements is in the range from between 100 Oersteds and 2,500 Oersteds.

13. The signal generating marker as described in claim 11 wherein and said low coercivity of said signal strip is at least 500 times less than said higher coercivity of said control elements.

14. The signal generating marker as described in claim 13 wherein the width edges of said control elements are oriented generally coincident with the width edges of said signal strip.

15. The signal generating marker as described in claim 14 wherein the magnetized poles of each of said control elements when in said second magnetized state are generally adjacent said width edges of said signal strip.

16. The signal generating marker as described in claim 15 wherein said length of each of said control elements is less than said width thereof.

17. A method for detecting the presence of a sensitized marker in an interrogation zone while omitting detection of a desensitized marker present in said zone, comprising the steps of:

(a) generating an alternating electromagnetic field in said zone to cause a unitary signal strip of ferromagnetic material located within said zone to radiate harmonic signals of said electromagnetic field, said marker having the length dimension thereof substantially greater than the width dimension thereof,

(b) detecting at least one of said harmonic signals radiated by said signal strip to indicate the presence of said marker within said interrogation zone,

(c) densensitizing said marker by magnetizing a plurality of control elements of ferromagnetic material, said control elements joined to said signal strip at spaced apart positions, having a length dimension less than the length of said signal strip and a width dimension approximately the same as the width of said signal strip, and said control elements having a greater coercivity than said signal strip, wherein the desensitized marker radiates said harmonic signals with a lesser amplitude when located within said electromagnetic field, and

(d) sensitizing said marker by demagnetizing said control elements to permit said marker to generate said harmonic signals when said marker is located within said electromagnetic field.