Energy control sheet having insulative properties

• US 4,226,910 A
• Filed: 07/12/1979
• Issued: 10/07/1980
• Est. Priority Date: 07/12/1979
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co (3M Company)
• Inventors: Hansen, Richard L., Dahlen, Richard R., Weiher, Richard L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Robinson, Ellis P.
• Application Number:
  US06/056,905
• Time in Patent Office: 453 Days
• Field of Search: 428/430, 428/426, 428/457, 428/458, 428/480, 428/918, 428/910, 428/433, 428/461, 428/463, 428/336, 428/335, 428/334, 428/339, 350/1.3, 350/1.4, 350/166, 350/316, 52/309.14, 52/309.15, 52/789, 52/811, 52/615, 52/616
• US Class Current: 428/336
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10174 Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/36 comprising polyesters
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 428/91 Product with molecular orientation
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 428/918 Material abnormally transparent
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/263 Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/264 Up to 3 mils
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/265 1 mil or less
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/269 including synthetic resin or polymer layer or component
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31616 Next to polyester [e.g., alkyd]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31678 Of metal
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31681 Next to polyester, polyamide or polyimide [e.g., alkyd, glue, or nylon, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31692 Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31699 Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31786 Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]

Abstract

Composite energy control sheet of the type wherein a transparent-reflective metal layer is coated on a self-supporting transparent polymeric foil and protectively covered with a transparent polymeric layer. The protective polymeric layer is chosen to transmit 80% or more of the normal room temperature radiant energy spectrum (about 4-40 micrometer wavelength) so that when the energy control sheet is positioned adjacent (but other than outside of) a glazing unit and oriented so that the protective layer does not contact any face of the glazing unit, heat loss from the room is significantly decreased and the cold weather performance of the sheet is greatly improved. Among the suitable polymers for the polymeric layer are polyethylene, polypropylene and polyacrylonitrile.

Claims

1. In a window unit located in the external wall of a room, said unit comprising a plurality of transparent strata and including at least

(a) a glazing unit having an inside face oriented toward the interior of the room and an outside face oriented toward the exterior of the room, said glazing unit comprising at least one rigid transparent stratum whose inner face coincides with the inside face of the glazing unit, and

(b) a flexible, transparent energy control stratum which is located adjacent to said glazing unit or one of its component strata and which is a flexible, unitary multi-layer sheet material comprising a transparent-reflective metal layer bonded to a transparent polymeric support foil which has low transmission and high absorption properties with respect to infra-red energy in the 4-40 micrometer wave length, said metal layer being covered by a transparent polymeric protective layer and having a sheet resistance of less than 20 ohms/square,

the improvement wherein (1) the transparent polymeric layer is selected from polymers which, in thicknesses on the order of 5-50 micrometers, transmit at least about 80% of the normal room temperature infra-red radiant energy in the wavelength of 4-40 micrometers,

and (2) the energy control stratum is located other than adjacent the outside face of the glazing unit and is oriented so that the protective layer confronts an air space and does not contact any surface of the glazing unit,

whereby said window unit not only effectively excludes externally originating heat and glare in hot weather but also returns to the room at least about 55% of the internally originating infra-red energy impinging on said window unit and thereby significantly improves the insulative effectiveness of said window unit in cold weather.

2. The window unit of claim 1 wherein the transparent protective layer is on the order of 10-50 micrometers thick.

3. The window unit of claim 2 wherein the polymeric support foil of the transparent energy control stratum is adhered to the glazing unit.

4. The window unit of claim 3 wherein the protective layer comprises polyethylene.

5. The window unit of claim 3 wherein the protective layer comprises polypropylene.

6. The window unit of claim 3 wherein the protective layer is polyacrylonitrile.

7. A thin, flexible, self-sustaining transparent reflective sheet material for making the energy control stratum in the window unit of claim 1, said sheet material comprising in laminar combination:

(a) a self-sustaining flexible, transparent biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate foil having first and second faces,

(b) a transparent-reflective metal layer adhered to the first face of said polyethylene terephthalate foil, and

(c) protectively covering said metal layer, a flexible, transparent layer of a polymeric material which, in thicknesses of 5-50 micrometers, transmits at least about 80% of infra-red radiant energy in the wavelength of 4-40 micrometers.

8. The sheet material of claim 7 wherein the polymeric protective layer is a preformed foil of polyethylene, polypropylene or polyacrylonitrile, said preformed foil being about 10 micrometers thick and adherently bonded over said metal layer by an extremely thin layer of adhesive.

9. The sheet material of claim 8 wherein said preformed foil is polyethylene.

10. The sheet material of claim 8 wherein said preformed foil is polypropylene.

11. The sheet material of claim 8 wherein said preformed foil is polyacrylonitrile.

12. The sheet material of claim 7 wherein a transparent adhesive layer is bonded over the second face of said polyethylene terephthalate foil.