Electrode for voltammetric immunoassay

• US 4,233,144 A
• Filed: 04/16/1979
• Issued: 11/11/1980
• Est. Priority Date: 04/16/1979
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Technicon Instruments Corporation
• Original Assignee: Technicon Instruments Corporation
• Inventors: Kumar, Anand, Pace, Salvatore J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Marantz, Sidney
• Application Number:
  US06/030,206
• Time in Patent Office: 575 Days
• Field of Search: 23/230 B, 424/12, 204/195 B, 204/1 E, 204/195 M, 204/195 L
• US Class Current: 436/544
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2458/30 Electrochemically active labels
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/3277 being a redox reaction, e.g. detection by cyclic voltammetry voltammetry per se G01N27/42, G01N27/48
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/532 Production of labelled immunochemicals
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 436/806 Electrical property or magnetic property

Abstract

Immunoassays featuring voltammetric measurements wherein at least one of the immunoreactants is labelled with an electroactive substance. Measurement is effectedon a pulsed-basis to maximize the signal change due to the electron transfer capabilities of the labelled immunoreactants.

Claims

1. A voltammetric monitoring electrode for measuring electrochemical changes resulting from an immunoreaction between complementing immunoreactants, said voltammetric monitoring electrode comprising an electroactively-labelled immunoreactant attached to a surface thereof.

2. The voltammetric monitoring electrode of claim 1, wherein said electroactively-labelled immunoreactant comprises at least one transition metal chelate linked to said immunoreactant.

3. The voltammetric monitoring electrode of claim 2, wherein said transition metal chelate consists of a metal chosen from a group of metals consisting of:

Fe, Co, Cu, V, Zn, Cr, Mo, Cd, Mn, and Ni.

4. The voltammetric monitoring electrode of claim 2, wherein said transition metal chelate consists of a ligand chosen from a group of ligands consisting of:

pyridyls, porphyrins, and pyridines.

5. An electroactively-labelled immunoreactant having more than one electroactive group attached thereto for the purpose of increasing the ability of the immunoreactant to transfer electrons at a surface of a monitoring electrode during a voltammetric immunossay, and hence, increase the sensitivity of measurement of said immunoreactant.

6. The electroactively-labelled immunoreactant of claim 5 comprising at least one transition metal chelate linked to said immunoreactant.

7. The electroactively-labelled immunoreactant of claim 6, wherein said transition metal chelate consists of a metal chosen from a group of metals consisting of:

Fe, Co, Cu, V, Zn, Cr, Mo, Cd, Mn, and Ni.

8. The electroactively-labelled immunoreactant of claim 6, wherein said transition metal chelate consists of a ligand chosen from a group of ligands consisting of:

pyridyls, porphyrins, and pyridines.