AC-DC switching regulator to supply uninterruptible power

• US 4,238,690 A
• Filed: 10/23/1978
• Issued: 12/09/1980
• Est. Priority Date: 10/23/1978
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Clarke, Patrick W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Gellner, Michael L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Schreyer, S. D.
• Application Number:
  US05/953,427
• Time in Patent Office: 778 Days
• Field of Search: 307/44, 307/45, 307/46, 307/64, 307/66, 307/70, 307/86, 363/97, 363/126, 363/90, 323/50
• US Class Current: 307/44
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 9/06 with automatic change-over , e.g. UPS systems
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 9/062 for AC powered loads
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/156 with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators

Abstract

An uninterruptible power supply utilizes a switching circuit which under normal operation modulates at a high frequency a signal provided by a commercial AC line to control the energy flow through a transformer between an input accepting the AC line source and a rectified DC output. The switching circuit which performs the modulation is optimally arranged to be coupled to a reserve energy source such as a charge storage capacitor or battery. It operates upon failure of the AC signal input to provide energy from the reserve source to the load by operating as a switching regulator.

Claims

1. In an uninterruptible power supply:

a power coupling medium having a first input to accept a periodic signal source;

a rectifier coupled to rectify signals transmitted by the power coupling medium;

said uninterruptible power supply characterized by

a switching device coupled to the rectifier and to an output of the power coupling medium and operative to disable the power coupling medium;

said switching device being further coupled to a second input to accept a nonperiodic signal source and operative to invert the nonperiodic signal source at the second input upon diminution of the periodic signal source.

2. An uninterruptible power supply as defined in claim 1 being further characterized by

a capacitive storage device coupled to the second input via a steering diode to direct current flow, and

an inductive storage device coupled via the switching device to accept energy from the capacitive storage device, the inductive storage device being coupled via a second steering diode to an output terminal of the power supply.

3. An uninterruptible power supply as defined in claim 2 being further characterized by

a control circuit to drive said switching device and including a frequency source having a frequency at least an order of magnitude greater than a frequency of the periodic signal source.

4. An uninterruptible power supply as defined in claim 3 being further characterized in that

the control circuit includes first comparator means coupled to an output of the power supply and operative to generate an error signal, and

a second comparator responsive to the error signal and a sawtooth wave output of the frequency source and operative to generate a width modulated pulse utilized to drive the switching device.

5. A power supply circuit comprising:

an inductive power coupling medium including an input winding to accept an AC power signal and an output winding;

a rectifier coupled to the output winding;

a switch coupled to shunt at least a portion of the output winding and a diode of the rectifier permitting it to short a signal flow through an active portion of the output winding by completing a closed circuit path through an active rectifying diode;

an input terminal to accept a reserve voltage source coupled to a first terminal of the switch;

an energy storage inductor coupled to a second terminal of the switch and further coupled to an output terminal of the power supply through a diode, whereby periodic operation of the switch periodically disables the power coupling medium and is further operative to invert power supplied by the reserve voltage source.

6. A power supply circuit as defined in claim 5 and further including

a control circuit to drive the switch, said control circuit including a high frequency source to generate a sawtooth waveform at a frequency greater than the frequency of the AC power signal, and

a comparator responsive to deviation of an output of the power supply circuit to generate an error signal, and

a second comparator responsive to the error signal and the sawtooth waveform to generate a width modulated drive signal.

7. A power supply circuit as defined in claim 5 and further including

a charge storage capacitor connected to the reserve voltage source via a battery diode to permit charging of the capacitor in one direction only.

8. An uninterruptible power supply comprising:

an inductive power coupling medium including input means and output means;

the input means adapted to receive an AC power signal;

rectifying means coupled to the output means; and

switch means connected to shunt at least a portion of the output means and

the rectifying means and functioning to render the power coupling medium periodically inoperative;

said switch means being driven at a frequency substantially higher than the frequency of an AC power signal applied to the input means, and operative to disable any flow of a power signal through the power coupling medium; and

means to accept an auxiliary DC power source and said switch means being further coupled to invert a DC signal applied to said means to accept an auxiliary power source in order to supply energy to said output means.

9. An uninterruptible power supply as defined in claim 8 and further including

an energy storage inductor coupled to store energy from the auxiliary power source in response to switching of said switch means and further coupled to deliver energy to an output of said uninterruptible power supply.

10. An uninterruptible power supply as defined in claim 8 and further including a control circuit to drive said switching means comprising:

first comparator means responsive to an output signal to generate an error signal;

a high frequency sawtooth waveform generator and second comparator means to generate a width modulated drive signal in response to the high frequency sawtooth generator and the error signal of the first comparator.