Plant growth media utilizing polyurethane hydrogel

• US 4,241,537 A
• Filed: 05/10/1979
• Issued: 12/30/1980
• Est. Priority Date: 05/10/1979
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hampshire Chemical Corp. (Dow, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: WR Grace & Company
• Inventors: Wood, Louis L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bagwill, Robert E.
• Application Number:
  US06/037,928
• Time in Patent Office: 600 Days
• Field of Search: 47/DIG. 7, 47/57.6, 47/66, 47/73-74, 47/77, 47/84, 47/86-87, 47/59, 47/63-64, 47/58, 521/174, 521/905, 521/914
• US Class Current: 47/77
• CPC Class Codes: A01G 24/15 Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
• CPC Class Codes: A01G 24/35 containing water-absorbing polymers
• CPC Class Codes: A01G 24/44 in block, mat or sheet form
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 18/4837 and other oxyalkylene units
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 2210/00 Compositions for preparing hydrogels
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 2310/00 Agricultural use or equipment
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2375/04 Polyurethanes
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 3/00 Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 521/905 Hydrophilic or hydrophobic cellular product
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 521/914 Polyurethane cellular product formed from a polyol which has been derived from at least two 1,2 epoxides as reactants

Abstract

A plant growth media in the form of a gel which is useful for growing plants in the form of seeds, seedlings, cuttings, nursery stock, etc., is obtained by dissolving a water-soluble polyisocyanate capped prepolymer containing said growing plant in an aqueous medium optionally containing various plant growth additives such as fertilizer, agricultural modified minerals and the like. The media can be formed in a variety of shapes.

Claims

1. A soil plug comprising a plant growth in an aqueous gel of a monolithic, crosslinked, hydrophilic polyurethane.

2. The soil plug according to claim 1 wherein the plant growth is in the form of seeds, seedlings, tubers, cuttings, roots and transplants.

3. The soil plug according to claim 1 wherein the crosslinked hydrophilic polyurethane gel composition comprises the reaction product of

(a) a prepolymer having a reaction functionality greater than two comprising an isocyanate-capped water-soluble polyether polyol having a molecular weight of at least 1,000/OH group with a total molecular weight of at least 2,000 and

5. A gel composition according to claim 3 wherein the prepolymer is a liquid at room temperature.

6. A gel composition according to claim 3 wherein the polyether polyol is made of random ethylene oxide units and other alkylene oxide units with the ethylene oxide units comprising at least about 50 percent of the total number of ethylene oxide and alkylene oxide units.

7. A gel composition according to claim 5 wherein the ethylene oxide units comprise at least about 70 percent of the total number of ethylene oxide and alkylene oxide units.

8. A gel composition according to claim 5 wherein the polyether polyol is made of random ethylene oxide units and propylene oxide units.

9. A gel composition according to claim 3 wherein said prepolymer is present in the reaction mixture in an amount of about 1 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts of water.

10. The soil plug according to claim 1 wherein the gel further comprises a fertilizer.

11. The soil plug according to claim 9 wherein the fertilizer is water-soluble.

12. The soil plug according to claim 1 wherein the gel further comprises an agricultural modified mineral.

13. The soil plug according to claim 11 wherein the agricultural modified mineral is vermiculite or perlite.

14. The soil plug according to claim 1 wherein the gel further comprises a surfactant.

15. The soil plug according to claim 13 wherein the surfactant is an amphoteric, cationic or non-ionic surfactant.

17. The article according to claim 15 wherein the plant growth is in the form of seeds, seedlings, tubers, cuttings, roots and transplants.

18. The article according to claim 15 wherein (1) and (2) are entirely enclosed by said container and said container is a plastic film.

19. The article according to claim 15 wherein a portion of said container is open to the atmosphere.

20. The article according to claim 15 wherein the container is a tube or tape.

21. The article according to claim 19 wherein the tube or tape is plastic.

22. The article according to claim 19 wherein the tube or tape is compartmentized.

23. The article according to claim 15 wherein said article is enclosed in a larger plastic film container which larger container also contains water.

24. The article according to claim 22 wherein the water also contains a fertilizer.

4. (b) an aqueous reactant, the weight ratio of prepolymer to aqueous reactant is in the range 1-100 to 100 respectively.

16. An article comprising a container having therein (1) a plant growth and (2) a prepolymer having a reaction functionality greater than two comprising an isocyanate-capped, water-soluble polyether polyol having a molecular weight of at least 1,000/OH group with a total molecular weight of at least 2,000.