Flat battery

• US 4,242,424 A
• Filed: 04/07/1978
• Issued: 12/30/1980
• Est. Priority Date: 04/07/1978
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Polaroid Corporation (PLR IP Holdings LLC)
• Original Assignee: Polaroid Corporation (PLR IP Holdings LLC)
• Inventors: Buckler, Sheldon A., Kennedy, David P., Cohen, Fredric S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Skapars, Anthony
• Application Number:
  US05/894,369
• Time in Patent Office: 998 Days
• Field of Search: 429/152, 429/153, 429/149, 429/162, 429/229, 429/230, 429/224, 429/209, 429/232, 429/231, 429/217, 252/182.1
• US Class Current: 429/152
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/36 Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/12 with flat electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/48 with bipolar electrodes

Abstract

The method of making a thin flat laminar battery comprising the steps of coating a substrate with a dispersion of zinc powder and water to produce an anode slurry, and thereafter diffusing electrolytes into said anode slurry; and electrical cells and batteries made by this process.

Claims

1. A thin flat laminar battery, comprising a series of cells each including a cathode slurry layer and an anode slurry layer on opposite sides of a separator, in which the anode slurry layers comprise about 80 to 85 parts by weight of zinc powder, about 10 to 12 parts by weight of water, from about 1 to about 2 parts by weight of zinc chloride, from about 2 to about 4 parts by weight of ammonium chloride, and from about 1 to about 3 parts by weight of mercury.

2. A slurry anode composition, comprising, by weight, from 80 to 85 parts of zinc powder, from 10 to 12 parts of water, from 1 to 2 parts of zinc chloride, from 2 to 4 parts of ammonium chloride, and from 1 to 3 parts of mercury as an amalgam on said zinc powder.

3. A thin flat laminar battery, comprising a series of cells each including a cathode slurry layer and an anode slurry layer on either side of and in contact with a cellophane separator, in which each cathode slurry layer comprises a dispersion of about 8 parts by weight of manganese dioxide and 1 part by weight of carbon black in an aqueous solution of electrolytes containing from 23 to 30 percent by weight of water, based on the weight of cathode slurry, and in which each anode slurry comprises a dispersion of amalgamated zinc powder in an aqueous solution in equilibrium with the solution in the cathode slurry and containing from 10 to 12 percent by weight of water based on the weight of anode slurry.

4. A thin flat laminar cell, comprising a cathode slurry layer and an anode slurry layer on either side of and in contact with a cellophane separator, in which said cathode slurry layer comprises a dispersion of about 8 parts by weight of manganese dioxide and 1 part by weight of carbon black in an aqueous solution of electrolytes containing from 23 to 30 percent by weight of water, based on the weight of cathode slurry, and in which said anode slurry comprises a dispersion of amalgamated zinc powder in an aqueous solution in equilibrium with the solution in the cathode slurry and containing from 10 to 12 percent by weight of water based on the weight of anode slurry.

5. A thin flat laminar cell, comprising a cathode slurry layer and an anode slurry layer on either side of and in contact with a separator, in which said cathode slurry layer comprises a dispersion of manganese dioxide and carbon black in an aqueous solution of electrolytes containing from 23 to 30 percent by weight of water, based on the weight of cathode slurry, and in which said anode slurry comprises a dispersion of amalgamated zinc powder in an aqueous solution in equilibrium with the solution in the cathode slurry and containing from 10 to 12 percent by weight of water based on the weight of anode slurry, said anode slurry containing less than 0.376 grams of zinc per gram of manganese dioxide.

6. A thin flat laminar cell, comprising a cathode slurry layer and an anode slurry layer on either side of and in contact with a separator, in which said cathode slurry layer comprises a dispersion of manganese dioxide and carbon black in an aqueous solution of electrolytes, and in which each anode slurry comprises a dispersion of zinc powder in an aqueous solution in equilibrium with the solution in the cathode slurry and containing less than one half mole of zinc per mole of MnO₂.

7. A thin flat laminar battery, comprising a series of cells each including a cathode slurry layer and an anode slurry layer on either side of and in contact with a separator, in which each cathode slurry layer comprises a dispersion of manganese dioxide and carbon black in an aqueous solution of electrolytes, and in which each anode slurry comprises a dispersion of zinc particles in an aqueous solution in equilibrium with the solution in the cathode slurry and containing from 10 to 12 percent by weight of water based on the weight of anode slurry.

8. A thin laminar Leclanche cell, comprising an anode slurry layer, a cathode slurry layer, and a separator between said anode slurry layer and said cathode slurry layer, in which said cathode slurry layer comprises manganese dioxide and said anode slurry layer comprises zinc in an amount less than one half mole of zinc per mole of manganese dioxide.

9. A thin laminar Leclanche cell, comprising an anode slurry layer, a cathode slurry layer, and a separator between said anode slurry layer and said cathode slurry layer, in which said cathode slurry layer comprises manganese dioxide and said anode slurry comprises a dispersion of particulate zinc containing from 0.009 to 0.024 grams of zinc per square centimeter of said anode slurry layer.

10. The cell of claim 9, in which said anode slurry layer contains from 0.010 to 0.015 grams of zinc per square centimeter.

11. A thin flat laminar battery, comprising a series of cells each including a cathode slurry layer and an anode slurry layer on opposite sides of a separator, in which the anode slurry layers comprise about 80 to 85 parts by weight of amalgamated zinc powder, in a solution of zinc chloride and ammonium chloride in about 10 to 12 parts by weight of water, said anode slurry layers containing between 0.009 and 0.024 grams of zinc per square centimeter.

12. A thin flat laminar battery, comprising a series of cells each including a cathode slurry layer and an anode slurry layer on either side of and in contact with a separator, in which each cathode slurry layer comprises a dispersion of manganese dioxide and carbon black in an aqueous solution of electrolytes containing from 23 to 30 percent by weight of water, based on the weight of cathode slurry, and in which each anode slurry comprises a dispersion of amalgamated zinc powder in an aqueous solution in equilibrium with the solution in the cathode slurry and containing from 0.009 to 0.024 grams of zinc per square centimeter.

13. The battery of claim 12, in which said anode slurry layers each contain from 0.010 to 0.015 grams of zinc per square centimeter.

14. A thin flat laminar cell, comprising a cathode slurry layer and an anode slurry layer on either side of and in contact with a separator, in which said cathode slurry layer comprises a dispersion of manganese dioxide and carbon black in an aqueous solution of electrolytes, and in which said anode slurry comprises a dispersion of amalgamated zinc powder in an aqueous solution in equilibrium with the solution in the cathode slurry and containing from 0.009 to 0.024 grams of zinc per square centimeter of anode slurry.

15. The cell of claim 14, in which said anode slurry contains from 0.010 to 0.015 grams of zinc per square centimeter.