Apparatus and method for determining serum concentrates of metabolites by monitoring dialysate fluid
First Claim
1. The method of determining the level of a predetermined metabolically important species in serum, without withdrawing blood or entering a sensor into the bloodstream, comprising the steps of:
- diverting at least a portion of a dialysate effluent stream, obtained from equilibration with blood through a hemodialyzer, through a sampling apparatus, including an ion-specific electrode sensitive to a desired species;
producing an electrode EMF proportional to the concentration of the sensed species; and
converting the EMF to data indicating the dialysate concentrations of the species and determining the serum levels of the species from such data.
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Abstract
An apparatus and method are disclosed for monitoring, analyzing and quantitating in real time the concentrations of metabolites in serum by analyzing the dialysate solutions which are being equilibrated with the blood via a hemodialyzer. Thus, access to certain metabolically important species is provided without the necessity of blood sampling. The apparatus includes at least one ion-selective electrode coupled with the dialysate effluent stream, and the electrode EMF is converted to dialysate concentrations based on precalibration. The dialysate concentrations, in turn, are related to serum levels by factors governing mass transfer through the dialyzer.
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Citations
12 Claims
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1. The method of determining the level of a predetermined metabolically important species in serum, without withdrawing blood or entering a sensor into the bloodstream, comprising the steps of:
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diverting at least a portion of a dialysate effluent stream, obtained from equilibration with blood through a hemodialyzer, through a sampling apparatus, including an ion-specific electrode sensitive to a desired species; producing an electrode EMF proportional to the concentration of the sensed species; and converting the EMF to data indicating the dialysate concentrations of the species and determining the serum levels of the species from such data. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5)
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6. An apparatus for monitoring a blood serum metabolite by analyzing dialysate effluent equilibrated with blood via a hemodialyzer, comprising:
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diverting means for diverting at least a portion of the dialysate effluent into a sampling apparatus; sampling means in the sampling apparatus for selectively sampling a predetermined metabolite species present in the dialysate effluent, said sampling means including an ion-specific electrode for producing an EMF proportionate to the concentration of the species in the dialysate effluent; and means for converting the EMF to dialysate concentrations, which are, in turn, used to determine serum concentration of the species. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10, 12)
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11. An apparatus for determining the level of a predetermined metabolically important species in serum, without withdrawing blood or entering a sensor into the bloodstream, comprising:
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diverting means for diverting at least a portion of a dialysate effluent stream, obtained from equilibration with blood through a hemodialyzer, through a sampling apparatus, including an ion-specific electrode sensitive to a desired species; means to produce an electrode EMF proportional to the concentration of the sensed species; and means to convert the EMF to data indicating the dialysate concentrations of the species and to determine the serum levels of the species from such data.
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Specification