Solar cells composed of semiconductive materials
First Claim
1. A solar cell having a body composed of a semiconductive material with an active zone in which charge carriers are generated by energy impinging upon such cell and penetrating into it, said cell having an electrically insulating layer on the incident surface of said semiconductive material comprised of a double layer with metal contacts positioned therein and overlying said active zone, said double layer consisting of a first layer having a thickness greater than 0 and less than about 4 nm and being directly applied onto said semiconductive body and being composed of a material selected from the group consisting of natural silicon oxide and a silicon oxide generated at temperatures below 800°
- C., and a second layer directly applied onto said first layer and being composed of a material selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride and silicon oxynitride.
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Abstract
A solar cell is composed of a semiconductive material having an active zone in which charge carriers are produced by photons which strike and penetrate into the solar cell. The cell is comprised of a semiconductive body having an electrically insulating laminate with metal contacts therein positioned on the semiconductor body in the active zone thereof. The insulating laminate is composed of a double layer of insulating material, with the layer in direct contact with the semiconductive surface being composed of SiO2 which is either natural or is produced at temperatures below 800° C. and the layer superimposed above the SiO2 layer being composed of a different insulating material, such as plasma-produced Si3 N4. In certain embodiments of the invention, a whole-area pn-junction is provided parallel to the semiconductive surface. The solar cells of the invention exhibit a higher degree of efficiency due to a higher fixed interface charged density, and low surface recombination velocity, an increased UV sensitivity, improved surface protection and passivation and improved anti-reflection characteristics relative to prior art solar cell devices.
48 Citations
23 Claims
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1. A solar cell having a body composed of a semiconductive material with an active zone in which charge carriers are generated by energy impinging upon such cell and penetrating into it, said cell having an electrically insulating layer on the incident surface of said semiconductive material comprised of a double layer with metal contacts positioned therein and overlying said active zone, said double layer consisting of a first layer having a thickness greater than 0 and less than about 4 nm and being directly applied onto said semiconductive body and being composed of a material selected from the group consisting of natural silicon oxide and a silicon oxide generated at temperatures below 800°
- C., and a second layer directly applied onto said first layer and being composed of a material selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride and silicon oxynitride.
- View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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5. In a solar cell as defined in 1 wherein said second layer is composed of silicon nitride which is produced by deposition from a gas phase in a glow discharge.
Specification